Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal
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Ular Welang, Bungarus fasciatus (Schneider, 1801), di Lereng Selatan Gunung Merapi, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Get PDFThere are three known kraits species of the Genus Bungarus (Elapidae) inhabit Java Island, Indonesia. Two species out of the three species, i.e., Bungarus candidus (Malayan kraits) and Bungarus fasciatus (Banded kraits) are commonly found in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) Province. However, a longterm research about herpetofauna diversity in the Southern slope of Mount Merapi since 2006 until 2011 shows no species records from genus Bungarus. A nocturnal survey on April 28th, 2012 was administerd around the Kaliurang recreational area. We found snake which was suggested belong to the genus Bungarus. Detailed identification showed that this snake was Bungarus fasciatus or banded kraits snake. This finding provide the new record of genus Bungarus in Southern slope of Merapi especially since the periodical research of herpetofauna diversity which was started in 2006. To complete the data, it needs intensive research to know the distribution and species abundance of Bungarus fasciatus in Southern slope of Mount Merapi
Motilitas dan Viabilitas Spermatozoa Itik Lokal (Anas platyrhynchos) Setelah Penyimpanan Refrigerator dalam Ekstender Dikombinasi Berbagai Konsentrasi Krioprotektan Gliserol
Get PDFThe economic value of ducks has increased one Day Old Duck in large quantities and short time, effects on artificial insemination technologies improvement. Spermatozoa used for artificial insemination, could be derived from sperm preservation biotechnology, by means to maintain or extend their viability and motility of those spermatozoa. Extenders and cryoprotectant are needed for maintaining sperm motility and viability during storage or preservation. This study aims to assess motility and viability of local ducks spermatozoa after six days srotrage in 3 different extenders (Ringer's lactate, Tris or PBS) in combination with 5 different concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8%) of cryoprotectant glycerol. Results showed that sperm motility and viability was very highly significant (P0.05) affected motility and viability of the sperm. The best treatment, resulted in the highest percentage motility and viability of sperm with progressivity score >1, was the 8% glycerol in PBS storage for up to 2 days (75.00 ± 21.79% and 71.67±14.43%). This protocol could be applied in artificial insemination trial
Pengembangan Indirect Dipstick ELISA untuk Deteksi Aflatoksin B1 pada Pakan dan Jagung
Get PDFEnzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is an immunological method can be used to analyze aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in feed. ELISA technique must be done by using an instument (ELISA reader) which is not effective when used in the field. Therefore, the simple ELISA technique is needed such as indirect dipstick ELISA (d-ELISA). The aim of research is to develop AFB1 screening method using d-ELISA. The research is focusing on development and validation of indirect d-ELISA, and its application on sample of feed and corn. The results showed that the best coating time for antigen AFB1-BSA (0,4 ug/ml) is 24 hours, reaction time for antibody anti AFB1 (1/800) and AFB1 standard is 15 minutes, and reaction time for goat anti rabbit-HRPO conjugate 1/2500 and substrate of orthodiasianin (ODN) is 20 minutes. The results of indirect d-ELISA on 22 samples are found that 7 samples are contaminated by AFB1 with concentration above 20 ng/g and 7 samples are contaminated by AFB1 with concentration in the range of 0 – 20 ng/g. Finally, it is concluded that the indirect d-ELISA is applicable to be used in the fields
Kajian Etnobotani Mayarakat Adat Kampung Pulo di Kabupaten Garut
Get PDFEthnobotany is important in Indonesia because there are a lot of unknown things about the traditional plant usages by traditional people. One of them is the Kampung Pulo’s traditional people in Garut District of West Java’s province. This research aims to determine the diversity, usage and part of plants used by Kampung Pulo’s traditional people. The methods used are survey and data collection has been exploration, by interview and direct observation. The data were by analyzed by using descriptive analysis plant diversity, usage for, part used and how they were used by Kampung Pulo’s traditional people. The result of the research showed that there were 93 plants species included into 42 families which is used to Kampung Pulo’s traditional people. The most species used includes Areca catechu L., Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr., Cocos nucifera L., Carica papaya L., Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr., Gigantochloa verticillata (Willd) Munro, Oryza sativa L., Curcuma domestica L., Kaempferia galanga L. and Zingiber Officinale Roscc.. Kampung Pulo’s traditional people use the plants in a wide variety way such as for foods, shelter, tools, drugs, cosmetics, rituals, dye and traditional ceremonies. Plant parts that often use continously are fruits, leaves, stems, flowers, tubers, saffrons and roots
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Jamur Endofit Tanaman Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.)
Get PDFMangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) is one of Indonesia's tropical horticultural commodities with high economic value. Mangosteen also has a lot of functions such as a producer of a wide variety of functional compounds such as anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal that have some bioactive component i.e., micotoxin, enzyme, and antibiotics. The research was carried out to investigate the endophyte fungi in mangosteen plant tissue. Endophyte fungal isolation from mangosteen plant tissue resultsed 11 isolates which have identified Phoma sp., Acremonium sp., 2 isolates of Penicillium sp., Geotrichum sp., Pestalotiopsis sp., Botryosphaeria sp., Colletotrichum sp., Chrysosporium sp., Aspergillus sp. and Blastomyces sp., and 2 isolates have not been identified
Dekolorisasi Limbah Cair Batik Menggunakan Miselium Jamur yang Diisolasi dari Limbah Baglog Pleurotus ostreatus
Get PDFBatik industries have negative impacts on the environment from the dye used. An alternative method for decolorization in batik wastewater using the fungi Pleurotus ostreatus was grown in baglog. Spent mushroom (baglog) still contains fungal mycelium of P. ostreatus and contaminant fungus such as Penicillium sp., and Aspergillus sp.). Those fungi have a potential to decoloring dyes in batik wastewater. The aim of this research was to determine the ability of fungal mycelium isolated from spent mushroom P. ostreatus at decoloring batik wastewater, and determine the most effective fungal mycelium to decoloring batik wastewater. The results showed that the mycelium isolated from sewage baglog P. ostreatus was able to decoloring batik wastewater. Penicillium sp. mycelium is most effective at decoloring batik wastewater
Karakteristik Gambut Rawa Pening dan Potensinya sebagai Bahan Pembawa Mikroba
Get PDFThe descriptive analytical study of the Rawa Pening peat soils characteristic has been done. This study was purposed to determine the potential of peat soils as a microbial carrier. The parameters observed were chemical properties (pH, levels of C, N, P, K and CEC) and biological properties (total of soil microbial population), and its amendments by air drying, ovens drying and sterilization process with autoclave (temperature of 121o C, pressure 1.5 atm for 15 minutes). The results showed that Rawa Pening peat soil has the content of high organic C, medium-high N, low-medium P, high K and high CEC. Total of soil microbial population is quite high, and reduced by air drying and autoclave sterilization. The population of soil microbe has pressured with oven drying, but the process makes it a low pH which was caused by the cell lysis. The Rawa Pening peat soils has physical properties that are not easily changed, is also not prone to changes in pH during the process by air drying and sterilization with autoclave. The Rawa Pening peat soils have a potential to be a microbial carrier, because it has high organic matter content, and easy at processing
Biologi Ikan Uceng (Nemachilus fasciatus C.V.) di Sungai Banjaran Kabupaten Banyumas
Get PDFA research on fish biology Nemachilus fasciatus CV was conducted in River Banjaran Banyumas. The purpose of this study was to assess the biological aspects, including the nature of growth, Gonado somatic index, fecundity, sex ratio and natural food habits. The method used is survey, the technique used was stratified random sampling. Banjaran river was divided into nine stations: three stations on the upstream side of the river, three stations in the middle of the river and three stations on the river downstream. The results showed the data aspects of the biology of N. fasciatus in rivers Banjaran was allometrik growth, the gonado somatic index ranged from 5.40 to 17.46%. The highest fecundity of 7,567 items found in fish N. fasciatus which has a total length of 74 mm and 3.25 g body weight. Fecundity was as low as 1,665 points with fish body length of 58 mm and 2.02 g body weight. The sex ratio is 1:1,25. The natural food with the highest frequency of occurrence was on Pediastrum and low frequency of occurrence is in Cosmarium and Bronchionus
Pentingnya penggunaan Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) strain rentan insektisida serta kandang ukuran tertentu dalam uji efikasi insektisida aerosol
Get PDFBefore insecticide formulations can be registered and commercialized, efficacy of the insecticide should be carried out by an independent institution such us universities or research institutes. Based on the available protocol issued by the Pesticide Committee, we tested the efficacy two aerosol insecticides i.e. Baygon® and HIT® on Jakarta strain, Bandung strain, and Surabaya strain of Aedes aegypti, including the VCRU standard susceptible strain, confined in two cages with different dimensions inside the Peet-Grady chamber. The findings show that each of the four strains of Aedes aegypti had a significantly different KT50 value after being exposed to Baygon® and HIT® with the VCRU strain had the fastest KT50 among other strains.The results also show that all strain of Aedes aegypti tended to have higher KT50 (knockdown time 50%) when treated inside the large cage (30x30x30 cm) than those in the smaller cage (15x15x15 cm) even though treated with the same insecticide. The finding of this research suggests that it is imperative that the design and the protocol of insecticide efficacy test issued by the Pesticide Committee should state clearly the strain of Aedes aegypti being used as well as the dimension of the cage inside the Peet-Grady chamber. Herewith we suggest that standard insecticide susceptible Aedes aegypti strains such as VCRU as well as 15 X 15 X 15 cm cage are to be used for the mosquito aerosol efficacy test in the Peet-Grady chamber
Penggunaan Ekstrak Rimpang Lengkuas untuk Mengendalikan Busuk Leher Akar pada Tanaman Terong (Solanum Melongena L.)
Get PDFA research to find antifungal activity of galanga rhizome (Alpinia galanga L.) on Sclerotium rolfsii as the causal agent of white mold and stem rot disease on eggplant has been done. The galanga extract was obtained by extracting the rhizome using ethanol solvent. The experiment design was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in a factorial pattern, involving two factors, i.e. the rhizome extract concentration (E) with six levels of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%; and application time (W) with two levels of three days interval and seven days interval. The result showed that the best extract concentration was 20% that was applied in three days interval