Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal
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Kajian Kualitas Air Pasca-Pengerukan Alur Pelayaran Batu Kapur Sungai Donan Cilacap
Get PDFDonan River dredging impacts on ecological regions and communities around the basin. Dredging from Buoy 27 to Buoy segment 34 as an effort to reduce silting of existing in Cilacap and Donan River shipping channel maintenance efforts limestone PT Holcim Indonesia Tbk. Cilacap Plant. The purpose of the study is to determine the condition of post-dredging water quality in terms of physical and chemical factors, to determine the condition of post-dredging water quality in terms of biological factors; and to analyze the relationship between physical, chemical, and biological factors post-dredging shipping lanes limestone around Cilacap Donan River. The research method used was purposive sampling method. The study was conducted from March-May 2013, with five replications. Samples were taken at three stations namely Station 1 (area before dredging), Station 2 (dredging area), and Station 3 (area after dredging). The results showed that water quality conditions of post-dredging chemical in terms of physical factors tend to decrease at station 2 (TSS amounted of 303.6 mgl-1, BOD5 9.806 mgl-1, COD 171.4 mgl-1), followed by station 3 (TSS 268 mgl-1, BOD5 at 18.182 mgl-1, COD is 262.8 mgl-1) and station 1 (TSS 204.4 mgl-1, BOD5 at 12.258 mgl-1, and COD of 252 , 2 mgl-1). Water quality conditions in terms of post-dredging tend to decrease at station 2 (the number of types makrobenthos by 5 species, number of individuals ind/m2 makrobenthos by 147, the number of types of plankton by 11 species and number of individuals of 1,461 ind/l) followed by station 3 (the number of species makrobenthos by 6 species, number of individuals ind/m2 makrobenthos by 180, the number of types of plankton by 12 species, and the number of individual plankton of 1,341 ind / l), and Station 1 (the number of types makrobenthos by 7 species, number of individuals makrobenthos ind/m2 by 327, the number of types of plankton by 12 species, and the number of individual plankton of 1,340 ind / l). In general, the relationship between physical factors, chemical, and biological post-dredging shipping lanes limestone around the same Cilacapmemilikikecenderungan Donan River bahwakondisi declining water quality at Station 2, followed by Station 3 and Station 1
Karakter dan Potensi Inokulum Bakteri Fosfat dalam Melepaskan Fosfor
Get PDFSoil bacteria group which can release soil P-adsorbed is phosphate bacteria (PB). PB can release soil P-adsorbed through: 1) acidification, 2) chelating 3) ligand exchange 4) mineralization and 5) compete colloid sorption site. PB have a potential to release soil P-adsorbed. This study was aimed to determining the character and PB inoculant potential in soil P-adsorbed release. The results of BLASTn PB showed that isolate 1 was Pseudomonas trivialis, isolate 5 was Pseudomonas putida and isolate 9 was Pseudomonas fluorescens. Based on the growth curve on day 5th (the end log. phase) population of Pseudomonas trivialis was 1010 CFU/mL, Pseudomonas putida was 1014 CFU/mL and Pseudomonas fluorescens was 1017 CFU/mL. Storage inoculant PB population decrease 97-84 % and 80-65 % PB lowering capabilities
Pengujian Skala Karamba Jaring Apung Benih F2 Lukas (Puntius bramoides) Produk Pradomestikasi (I): Kualitas Telur, Sintasan Benih dan Kemampuan Memijah
Get PDFPre domestication research has been done on fish catches from the Serayu river, Banyumas, lukas fish (Puntius bramoides) and brek fish (P. orphoides) in natural ponds. The parents as pre domestication product is already successfully demonstrated the ability of adaptive in the new environment in terms of aspects of natural food, has been known to their periodically hormonal profiles, profiles of gametogenesis and spawning capabilities in the new environment (natural pond). Further research aims to determine : (1) The degree of eggs hatching of lukas, (2) survival rate of F2 seeds and (3) the degree of mortality in the floating net on Serayu river. (4) how long it will take and how the ability of the post spawning F1 parents to be able to spawn again. Research using survey method. Some units of floating net used for maintenance, testing spawning and growth of parents and seeds of lukas. The results : (1) The degree of eggs hatching between 51%-89%; (2) degree of viability of seeds in floating net is 54%-92%; (3) while the mortality rate of seeds 8%-48% and (4) the length of time it takes male and female parents to reach the next spawning period is ± 6 months. The F1 parents spawn after 6 months on a scale of cages
Tipe Echolokasi serta Struktur Larynx pada Miniopterus dan Rhinolophus
Get PDFA bat is the only mamal with true flight ability and have capability to perform echolocation. Miniopterus and Rhinolopus are bat species that have some different morphological characteristics but both of them commonly live in the cave. The research were purposed to study the differences and connection of echolocation call type and larynx’s structure of Miniopterus and Rhinolopus The two bat species were collected from 20th and 23th cave of Japanese Cave Complex, Kaliurang, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Specimens were taken to the laboratory for further analysis. Echolocation signals of both bat species were recorded using ultrasonic microphone and were analyzed with Batscan 9.0 software. Specimens were subjected for anatomical and histological structure analysis of the larynx. Anatomical structure observations were carried out with specimens dissection and they were fixed in 20% formol solution. Some samples of larynx of each species were processed and stained with Alizarin Red’s-Alcian Blue staining for larynx’s bones observation. Histological preparation of larynx was performed using paraffin method and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and MAF. The results showed that echolocation signals of Minipterus have lower frequency (peak frequency between 44.1-51.6kHz) compared to that of Rhinolopus (peak frequency between 54.4-64.1 kHz). However, Miniopterus has better ability to modulate the signal frequency than Rhinolopus Both species are able to produce a long-duration signal but Rhinolopus can produce longer signal duration. These results can be related to the differences of larynx’s anatomical and histological structure of both species which are equally able to keep the intensity of echolocation signals but have different work mechanisms
Variasi Genetik Spesies Mangrove Ceriops tagal berdasarkan Marka RAPD
Get PDFCeriops tagal are found at Segara Anakan Cilacap, Baluran National Park and Karimunjawa National Park. Information on the genetic diversity can be used for conservation policy. Genetic variation of C. tagal were analysed by using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). This study aims to determine the genetic variation in each population and between populations C. tagal based on RAPD markers. The total DNA was extracted with CTAB extraction method. Amplification was performed using 10 primer (OPA-3, OPA-10, OPB-1, OPB-6, OPB-7, OPB-8, OPB-10, OPB-12, OPB-17 and OPB-18). Amplification includes pradenaturation at 94°C for 5 min, followed by 45 cycles of denaturation at 94°C for 1 min, primer annealing at 37°C for 1 min, and primer elongation on 72°C for 1 min 30 sec, final extension at 72°C for 5 min and ends with holding at 4°C for 1 min. The analysis was done by changing the pattern of fragments to binary data (for bands appear = "1" and for bands do not appear = "0"). It is done using a program GenAlEx 2.1 and NTSYS-PC 6.1. A population that has the highest genetic variation (h) was Segara Anakan (0.308), followed by Baluran (0.295) and Karimunjawa (0.123). Baluran has the highest polymorphism (75.00%), Segara Anakan 69.23%, while Karimunjawa was 30.77%. The results of AMOVA, showed that the percentage of genetic variation within populations is greater (77%) than among populations (23%). The results of PCA analysis showed a similar pattern of genetic distance and UPGMA. Samples of Karimunjawa clustered with samples of the population, SA1 and SA3 likely close to the sample of Karimunjawa and SA2 are likely not one group with another sample of the Segara Anakan. Results of mantel test, the value of r = 0.347 and p = 0.02
Pengaruh Variabel Kualitas Air terhadap Produktivitas Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) di Kawasan Pertambakan Kabupaten Gresik, Jawa imur
Get PDFWater quality variable to affect the productivity of Pacific white shrimp (L. vannamei) in the brackishwater ponds. Therefore the aimed of this research to study the water quality variable to influent on the productivity of Pacific white shrimp (L. vannamei) in the brackishwater ponds. The research was conducted in the brackishwater ponds area that were in fish farming operation in the brackishwater ponds in the brackishwater ponds of Gresik Regency, East Java Province by conducting interviews with respondents to obtained primary data in the brackishwater ponds productivity through the submission of questionnaires, while the technical data of water quality variable were obtained by direct measurement in situ. As independent variable were water quality variables, namely: temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), salinity, pH, total suspended solid (TSS), turbidity, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, and total organic matter (TOM) while the dependent variable was the productivity of Pacific white shrimp. Regression model selection “best” method was based on the backward. The results showed that productivity of Pacific white shrimp in the range from 133.3 to 3,000 kg / ha with an average of 690.38 kg / ha. Water quality variables that a have positive effect on the productivity of Pacific white shrimp were nitrate and phosphate, while water quality variables have a negative effect on the productivity of Pacific white shrimp. were pH and TSS
Motilitas dan Viabilitas Spermatozoa Itik Lokal (Anas platyrhyncos) Setelah Penyimpanan dalam Medium Berbeda Dikombinasi Krioprotektan Kuning Telur Berbagai Konsentrasi
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to asses motility and viability of domestic duck (Anas platyrhyncos) spermatozoa after 6 day storing in preservation medium of different egg yolk cryoprotectant concentration in three different medium Tris, PBS or Ringer lactate. In this experiment, we applied 3 combination of factors as treatments : extender (Tris, PBS or Ringer lactate), egg yolk (EY) concentration (0, 5, 10, 15 or 25%) and storage time (0,1,2,3,4,5,6 days). Spermatozoa was obtained by massage technique, ejaculate then were swup up in the extender, the swup-up sperm then were incubated in preservation medium as each treatments subjected to motility and viability assesment before and after storage at refrigerator temperature (50C). The results showed that sperm motility and viability were highly significantly different (P0.05) affected motility of the sperm. The best treatment resulted in promising quality having the highest motility of 46,67 ± 32,15 5 motile was from the treatment of 10% EY in PBS stored for 4 days. The best viability result was from the tretament of 25% EY in PBS after 4 days storage resulted in 50,00 ± 36,05 % of viabie sperm. In conclusion this protocol could be applied for artificial insemination trial
Studi Tentang Ekologi dan Habitat Planaria, Sp. di Subang: Kelimpahan dan Biomassa Merupakan Indikator Kualitas Air Bersih
Get PDFPlanaria sp. in Bukit Tunggul (Lembang) is rare within 10 years. This animal is sensitive to polluted water. Beside that, the number of this animal is decreasing due to alteration of landuse and climate change. This animal plays an important role as a bioindicator for clean water and as a media in learning of biology in high school as well as in university. Due to these need, study on ecology and distribution of Planaria sp. is done in Panaruban water fall, Subang. The sampling location is limited only at Cimuja, Karembong, Sawer and Goa Badak, which have an environment characteristics variation. Observations are done including water quality chemically, land use, and climatic factors within 3 times monthly. Planaria sp. counting is done stratified random sampling using a 1x1 m quadran. The number and biomass of Planaria sp. related to climatic factors are discussed. In general, it can be concluded that, abiotic environmental factors contributes to the abundance and biomass of Planaria sp
Aktivitas Protease dan Kadar Protein Tubuh Ikan Lele Dumbo (Clarias gariepinus) pada Kondisi Puasa dan Pemberian Pakan Kembali
Get PDFThree treatments and four replications in randomised completely design were conducted to reveal the protease activity and body protein content on catfish, Clarias gareipinus, under starvation and refeeding conditions. The result showed that the protease activity has no significant different (P>.05) in first week, but has significant different (P<.05) in second week after treatment. Body protein content has significant different (P<.05) in first and second weeks after treatment. We concluded that the protease activity and body protein content decreased at deprivation, but increased after two weeks refeeding
Pengaruh Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat Dan Bakteri Penambat Nitrogen terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Tomat pada Tanah Masam
Get PDFAcid soil is the dried soil which has great potential for growing of agriculture commodity but this kind of soil has not been used optimally. The acid soil which has acidity reaction at pH<5,0 has Al poisonous potency, less of organic material and sensitivity toward erosion, and also less of nitrogen (N) and phosphor (P). Those problems can be solved by doing phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen fixing bacteria inoculation. The aims of this study were to know the effect of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen fixing bacteria, and the mixture of both of them to the wet weight, height, level of nitrogen and phosphor of tomato plants. This research was conducted experimentally for six weeks by using completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments. One treatment is a treatment without bacteria inoculation and the other treatments used bacteria inoculations which were phosphate-solubilizing bacteria inoculation, nitrogen fixing bacteria inoculation, and the mixture of both of them inoculations. Data were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the 95% and 99% confidence level. The result proved the mixture of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen fixing bacteria is the most effective inoculation to improve the wet weight, height, level of nitrogen, and level of phosphor of tomato plant in acid soil