Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal
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Aktivitas Enzim Peroksidase dan Kadar Klorofil pada Daun Angsana (Pterocarpus indicus) sebagai Peneduh Jalan yang terpapar Timbal
Get PDFOne of emissions in the air that’s harmful to human health is lead ( Pb ). The negative effects caused by lead and then required solutions for reducing the metal, its called phytoremediation. The Plant which acts as an agent of phytoremediation is Angsana (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.). Research to find out the lead content in Angsana’s leaf at four locations, knowing the influence of exposure to lead against the activity of an enzyme peroxydases and chlorophyll content in the Angsana’s leaf. The location for collection of samples conducted in four location at Purwokerto (1) H.R Bunyamin, (2) Ovis Isdiman, (3) Gerilya, and (4) Dr. Soeharso. A method of the sample used purposive sampling. Sample were analysed using wet digestion method, then were analysed using Atomic Absorbance Spectrofotometer (AAS). The activity of peroxydases and levels of chlorophyll were analysed using spectrophotometer Uv Vis. Result showed that the lead content in Angsana’s leaf is 0,1 – 0, 25 mg/L, the activity of peroxidases is 600- 1250 unit/g and chlorophyll content is 9,0- 21,0 mg/L. The conclusion was no relations about chlorophyll content with levels of lead content and the relations about activity of enzymes peroxydases and lead content is low . Content of lead on Angsana’s leaf of research has been done do not reach 1000 mg/L
Keanekaragaman dan Kemerataan Spesies Anggota Ordo Anura di Lereng Selatan Gunung Merapi Tahun 2012
Get PDFMerapi volcano as one of national park is an ecotourism site which is very potential to visit. Information about species diversity for a national park is very important especially if its area fluctuated susceptibly. Two years after 2010 Merapi eruption, there are no research about species diversity and evenness of Anuran in that place. The research is carried out during June-November 2012 which is dry season. The objective of this research is to study the species diversity and evenness of Anuran in southern slope of Mount Merapi. The research is carried out in 6 locations; those are Kali Kuning, Telogo Muncar, Telogo Nirmolo, Petak Pitu, Bukit Turgo, and Bukit Plawangan. We used Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method combined with transect in Kali Kuning, Telogo Muncar, and Petak Pitu. VES method combined with time search in Telogo Nirmolo and Bukit Turgo. VES method combined with track exploration in Bukit Plawangan. Species diversity is analyzed with Shanon-Wiener diversity index. Species evenness is analyzed with Pielou evenness index. Total individuals each species is counted to know species abundance. Species diversity of anuran in southern slope of Mount Merapi is consisted of 12 species’ which is distributed in 6 locations. The highest diversity and evenness of anuran is at Bukit Turgo (H’=1.31; E=0.94). The lowest diversity and evenness of anuran is at Petak Pitu (H’=0.49; E=0.3). Species diversity of anuran in southern slope of Mount Merapi is low (Bukit Turgo and Kali Kuning) and very low (Bukit Plawangan, Telogo Muncar, Telogo Nirmolo, and Petak Pitu). Species evenness of anuran in southern slope of Mount Merapi is stable (Telogo Nirmolo and Bukit Turgo), still labil (Bukit Plawangan, Kali Kuning, and Telogo Muncar), and oppressed (Petak Pitu)
Keanekaragaman Kultivar Salak Pondoh di Banjarnegara
Get PDFSnake fruit (Salacca zalacca (Gaertner) Voss) is originated from Indonesia. The aim of this study was to find out the cultivar diversity of salak pondoh in Banjarnegara, and to determine the similarity relatiinshipa between cultivars pondoh in Banjarnegara. The method used was exploratory survey with purposive random sampling. Morphological characteristics observed included 50 characters in the form of stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, and spines. Samples were taken at 5 districts namely Madukara, Banjarmangu, Sigaluh, Pagentan and Banjarnegara. The result of this research showed that there were six cultivars of Salacca zalacca namely cultivars ‘Pondoh Nglumut’, ‘Linting’, ‘Ketek’, ‘Manggala’, ‘Madu’, and ‘Super’. Whereas in S. zalacca 'Pondoh Ketek' has various number of seeds in the fruit. The most closely related cultivars were ‘Pondoh Nglumut’ and ‘Super’. The most distinct cultivars were S. zalacca ‘Manggala’ and ‘Ketek’
Efek Antimitosis Biomutagen dari Tanaman Kembang Sungsang (Gloriosa superba L.) pada Pembelahan Sel Ujung Akar Kecambah Cabai Merah Besar (Capsicum annuum L.)
Get PDFFlame lily (Gloriosa superba L.) is one of the plants containing colchicine, often used as antimitotic compound, in the whole organ. This study aims to gain the combination of extract source and extract concentration of G. superba capable of inhibit mitosis in root tip cells of chili sprouts. The plant is extracted using the extraction and dilution methods to determine the extract concentration of the treatment. The squash method is used to make a mitosis preparation. The study is arranged in a factorial using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 replications. The first factor is extract source: roots, stems, and leaves. The second factor is the extract concentration: 0, 20.40, 60, and 80%. The observation shows that the extract of leaf can inhibit mitosis more than exctract of bulbs and roots. All of the concentration treatment from all extract sources tend to result in similar mitotic index, but significantly different from cells that are not given treatment. The combination of the source extract and concentration of the extract result in varied mitotic index, but it is obvious that the leaf extract with a concentration of 80% gives the most inhibiting mitosis index: 1.298%
N-Acyl Homoserine Lactones sebagai Signal Quorum Sensing untuk Meningkatkan Efektifitas Bakteri Fosfat
Get PDFPhosphate bacteria (PB) are able to release P-adsorption by soil. PB effectiveness in releasing adsorption P controled by quorum sensing (QS) signal. PB produces a QS signal as N-acyl homoserine lactones (N-HSL). The aim of this study are to determine the type of N-HSL as QS signal of PB (Pseudomonas trivialis, P. putida and P. fluorescens) and find the source of N-HSL from root extracts of some plants (rice, corn, bamboo, banana and peanuts). Analysis of N-HSL using HPLC (Hitachi UV-VIS detector L-2420), L-2200 autosampler (20 mL), L-2130 pump and column C OOF-4250-CO/10 µm LaChrom Ultra 18 (2 µm) 100 A 150 x 4.60 mm 10 m KPOW 490065-1 (Phenomenex), temperature 60° C, flow rate of 0.9 mL/minute and a gradient of 30-100 % in 1.0 minutes. Standard N-HSL is C4-HSL, 6, 8, 10, 12 homoserine lactones (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany) was dissolved in acetonitrile (Merch, India) with a concentration of 50 mM. P-dissolved by PB determined by staining NVM and a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 413 nm. PB population is determined by the OD (optical density) at a wavelength of 600 nm. PB populations on medium Pikovskaya influenced by PB isolates, the type of P sources and duration of incubation. N-HSL generated by PB highest is Butanoyl (C4) homoserine lactones. PB isolates 9 and Ca-phosphate sources produce N-HSL most. Root extract of rice, corn, bamboo, bananas and peanuts can be a source of N-HSL. Soluble phosphorus from medium Pikovskaya influenced by the type of PB isolates and source of P
Kajian Kualitas Air dan Penentuan Status Mutu Air Rawa Bendungan Cilacap
Get PDFRawa Bendungan is one of the water resources which is open for public. This condition has caused excessive utilization and ignorance of sustainability. Fishery waste, the tofu industry, cow farm, and agriculture around Rawa Bendungan have led to the decrease in water quality and endanger the sustainability of ecological functions and benefits of Rawa Bendungan. The aims of this study was to find out the condition of the physical, chemical, and biological parameters and to determine the quality status of Rawa Bendungan. Parameters of physical, chemical, and biological were analyzed descriptively. Determination of water quality status by STORET analysis. The average yield measurements of physico-chemical parameters include transparency (25.67-68 cm), TSS (34-66.67 mg/l), temperature (28-31 °C), pH (6-7), dissolved oxygen (2.47-7.47 mg/l), free CO2 (3.23-8 mg/l), BOD5 (1.53-14.53 mg/l), COD (24-85.33 mg/l), ammonia (0.0903-0.1803 mg/l), nitrite (0.0094-0.0997 mg/l), nitrate (0.8125-3.5072 mg/l), and orthophosphate (0.0265-0.1460 mg/l). Phytoplankton community consists of 48 species of Chlorophyta (191,808 ind/l; 47.26%), 29 species of Chrysophyta (105,948 ind/l; 25.98%), 8 species of Cyanophyta (64,152 ind/l; 15.73%), and 12 species of Euglenophta (44,712 ind/l; 10.96%). Rawa Bendungan waters are included in the category of heavily polluted by tofu industry and agriculture waste, moderately polluted by fishery waste, and lightly polluted by cow farm waste
Adaptasi Anatomis Tanaman Kedelai Varietas Slamet Akibat Perbedaan Ketinggian Tempat
Get PDFA research on the “Anatomical Adaptation of Soybean ‘Slamet’ in Various Altitudes” has been conducted. The research was aimed to traced anatomical adaptation of soybean ‘Slamet’ in various altitude and to proved altitude give the anatomical adaptation to soybean ‘Slamet’. The result of this research showed that altitude has caused the increase of leaf mesophyll thickness. The different altitude does not affect the cuticle thickness, length and width of stomata, stomatal and trichomatal density per mm2 of leaf area. The altitude affected the anatomical adaptation of soybean ‘Slamet’ was 250 m above sea level with the average mesophyll thickness of 112.40 µm. A research entitled on the “Anatomical Adaptation of Soybean ‘Slamet’ Variety Plant Because of in Various Altitudes Differentiation” have has been conducted. The research was aimed was to traced anatomical adaptation of soybean ‘Slamet’ variety plant because of in various altitude differentiation and to proved altitude differentiation give the anatomical adaptation of to soybean Slamet variety plant. The result of the this research showed that altitude differentiation has caused the increase of leaf mesophyll thickness raise of soybean Slamet variety leaf. The different altitude differentiation does not caused of affect the cuticle thickness, the length and width stomata, the stomatal and trichomatal density per mm2 leaf area. The altitude most affected on the anatomical adaptation of soybean ;Slamet; variety was 250 m above sea level with the most average mesophyll thickness of 112.40 µm.A research on the “Anatomical Adaptation of Soybean ‘Slamet’ in Various Altitudes” has been conducted. The research was aimed to traced anatomical adaptation of soybean ‘Slamet’ in various altitude and to proved altitude give the anatomical adaptation to soybean ‘Slamet’. The result of this research showed that altitude has caused the increase of leaf mesophyll thickness. The different altitude does not affect the cuticle thickness, length and width of stomata, stomatal and trichomatal density per mm2of leaf area. The altitude affected the anatomical adaptation of soybean ‘Slamet’ was 250 m above sea level with the average mesophyll thickness of 112.40 µm. A research entitled on the “Anatomical Adaptation of Soybean ‘Slamet’ Variety Plant Because of in Various Altitudes Differentiation” have has been conducted. The research was aimed was to traced anatomical adaptation of soybean ‘Slamet’ variety plant because of in various altitude differentiation and to proved altitude differentiation give the anatomical adaptation of to soybean Slamet variety plant. The result of the this research showed that altitude differentiationhas caused the increase of leaf mesophyll thickness raise of soybean Slamet variety leaf. The different altitude differentiation does not caused of affect the cuticle thickness, the length and width stomata, the stomatal and trichomatal density per mm2 leaf area. The altitude most affected on the anatomical adaptation of soybean ;Slamet;varietywas 250 m above sea level with the most average mesophyll thickness of 112.40 µm
Sexing pada Ikan Brek Puntius orphoides (Valenciennes, 1863) Menggunakan Metode Truss Morfometrics
Get PDFThe red chick barb (Puntius orphoides) is one of fresh water ichtiofauna included in family Cyprinidae found a lot in River Klawing, the biggest and richest river in Purbalingga with 18 species of fish. The aim of this study was to find out the differences between male and female red chick barb by truss morphometrics and to find out truss morphometrics distance. The material used were sex mature fish from River Klawing. The variables meassured included morphometry based on truss morphometrics point, number of male and female fish. Truss distance was then compared to the total length so that the truss distance ratio was determined. Next, a statistical test i.e. t test was performed between the male and female fish. The results of this study showed that the male and female red chick barb can be distinguished by truss morphometrics method. The distance ratio to be used as diagnostic character were 11 and 24 ration of truss morphometrics distance compared found in the head, body, and tail
Keanekaragaman dan Pemanfaatan Ubi-Ubian sebagai Alternatif Tanaman Pangan di Kecamatan Bantarkawung Kabupaten Brebes
Get PDFA research on the diversity and use of tuber as alternative food crops in Bantarkawung, Brebes has been conducted. This research was aimed to find out the kinds of tuber used as alternative food crops. The method used was survey with a purposive random sampling applied to eighteen villages, The data were obtained by interviewing using questionnaire for each owner. They were analyzed descriptively for tuber type. The result of this study showed that there are nine species of tuber plant used as alternative food crops: Manihot esculenta, Ipomoea batatas., Dioscorea alata, D. hispida, D. esculenta, Canna edulis, Colocasia esculenta, Amorphophallus campanulatus, Maranta arundinacea, and 7 cultivars from 3 species of plant that were Manihot esculenta.’ Darmo’, M. esculenta ‘Mentega’, M. Esculenta ‘Valenca’, Ipomoea batatas. ‘Selat’, I. batatas ‘Sriwil’, Colocasia esculenta ‘Udang’ and C. esculenta ‘Pari’. M. esculenta were more often found while D. hispida was the less frequently used. People in Bantarkawung used tuber as the alternative food crops for self consumption by boiling, frying, roasting and making them as meal. The meal was processed into various processed foods, part of them were sold
Isolasi dan Uji Efektivitas Beberapa Isolat Dekomposer Lokal dalam Mendekomposisi Limbah Tanaman Jagung
Get PDFSoil microorganisms are able to digest and degrade organic material present in the environment in to substances that available for plants to absorb. This research aimed to isolate and examine local bacteria that had the ability to decompose corn stover. Soil samples were taken from various natural habitats in which bacteria grow, including remains of corn planting area, pile of waste corncob and corn stalk, pile of rice husk and straw, and pile of used sorghum stalk. Which were collected from several locations across South Sulawesi. Bacteria was isolated by making soil suspension that being inoculated on to NA and CMC medium, and then incubated for 48 hours at room temperature. Bacterial colonies that grow were then incubated 50o C to obtain bacteria resistant to high temperature and able to produce cellulose. Bacterial isolates that produce cellulose was then examined for the effectiveness in decomposing corn stover waste. Isolates result were able to obtain 119 decomposers isolates with 29 isolates resistant to temperature above 50o C and had ability to produce cellulose. From 29 isolates, among 15 isolates collected from rice straw, 5 isolates from remains of corn planting area and 9 isolates collected from several natural habitats. Almost all isolates had good ability to decompose corn stover waste. From isolates tested in corn cob waste and corn leaves waste, only 16 bacterial isolates were proven to be effective as decomposer