Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati
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Potensi Urban Beekeeping dalam Pencapaian Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan: Studi Kasus di Kota Bandung: The Potential of Urban Beekeeping in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals: A Case Study in the City of Bandung
Get PDFUrban Beekeeping is the activity of maintaining honey bee colonies in urban areas, which generally have a more friendly habitat for bees with lower pesticides used on plants and trees. Studies on the relationship between urban beekeeping activities and their potential in achieving sustainable development goals are not widely known, especially in Indonesia. The direct neighborhood involvement of citizens by nurturing stingless bees in their neighborhood has excellent potential in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Urban beekeeping has the potential to diversify ecosystems and improve environmental governance better. Using the identification of common themes, three components (environmental, social, and economic) with a total of 17 indicators that appear in urban beekeeping activities contribute to 75% of the main priority areas and 52.94% have the potential to play a role in achieving Sustainable Development Goals
Keanekaragaman dan Distribusi Gastropoda Air Tawar di Sungai Ciapus, Jawa Barat, Indonesia: Diversity and Distribution of Freshwater Gastropods in Ciapus River, West Java, Indonesia
Get PDFDespite being part of food web and bioindicator in freshwater ecosystems, gastropods are globally jeopardized. Therefore, the occurence of freshwater gastropods need to be assessed. This research aimed to examine diversity and distribution of freshwater gastropods along the Ciapus River in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. The research was conducted from February to May 2020. Sampling was carried out within limited 15 minutes time period using five 1 × 1 m plots established at each of four survey stations. Gastropods were collected from the bottom of river, rock surface and riverbanks within 15-100 cm of water depth. Environmental parameters were recorded. Data was analyzed using biodiversity index parameters and diversity t-test. The survey collected a total 587 individuals from 7 species of freshwater gastropods. The abundance, species richness and diversity of gastropods in the Ciapus river were different between upstream and downstream, location with high altitude tend to have low number of species. Glyptophysa stagnalis became the only species recorded from upstream area. Meanwhile, there were 4 species, which were collected in other three stations and 2 species that recorded from two stations. In three stations, Tarebia granifera was the most dominant species
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Cendawan Endofit Akar Anggrek Epifit dan Hemiepifit: Isolation and Identification of Endophytic Fungi in Epiphytic and Hemiepiphytic Orchid Root
Get PDFOrchids form a symbiotic relationship with endophytic fungi throughout their life cycle, including their seed germination. Research on orchid endophytic fungi in Indonesia is still limited. This study aimed to isolate and identify endophytic fungi of Phalaenopsis amabilis, Dipodium brevilabium, Vanilla planifolia, and Aerides odorata orchids. Endophytic fungi were isolated from surface-sterilized orchid root pelotons. Fungal identification was based on morphological and molecular characteristics using ITS rDNA sequences, followed by BLAST and phylogenetic tree analysis. All orchids studied had peloton structures in root cortex tissues. From the four orchids studied, 22 fungal isolates were obtained. Five fungal isolates were obtained from the P. amabilis orchid, consisting of 1 Penicillium and 4 sterile mycelium isolates. The D. brevilabium had 7 fungal isolates, namely 1 Penicillium and 6 Fusarium isolates. The V. planifolia had 6 Fusarium isolates, whereas the A. odorata had 4 isolates, such as 1 Penicillium, 2 sterile mycelium, and 1 unidentified isolate. The genus Penicillium was found in 3 out of the 4 orchid species studied. One Penicillium isolate was molecularly identified as Penicillium citrinum. Endophytic fungi in P. amabilis were mostly sterile mycelium, while D. brevilabium, V. planifolia, and A. odorata were dominated by Fusarium
Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antidiabetes In Vitro Ekstrak Air Kulit Batang Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) Asal Kota Jambi: In Vitro Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities of Aqueous Extract of Cinnamon Bark (Cinnamomum burmannii) from Jambi
Get PDFCinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) is an herbal plant that has a function, one of which is lowering glucose in the blood and warding off free radicals that cause oxidative stress. This study aims to determine the inhibitory activity of the enzyme compound α-glucosidase and the suppression of DPPH free radicals using the first, second, and third replications of cinnamon bark water extract (C. burmannii) as a natural source of antidiabetic drug candidates. The extraction method uses the infundation technique and is carried out using a spectronometer. The highest yield was obtained in the extraction of the first repeat, which is with an average of 0.674%, the yield did not differ markedly (p>0.05) with the second and third repeats. The highest results of total phenolic testing were obtained in the second repeat extraction of 100.374 GAE g-1, the results differed markedly (p<0.05) with the first and third repeats. The highest results of testing antioxidant activity were obtained at the extraction of the first repeat which was 9.012 mg of AAE g-1, the results differed markedly (p<0.05) with the second and third repeats. The highest result of testing of enzyme inhibition activity α-glucosidase was found in the extraction of the first repeat which was 99.650%, the results did not differ markedly (p>0.05) with the second and third repeats.Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) is an herbal plant that has a function, one of which is lowering glucose in the blood and warding off free radicals that cause oxidative stress. This study aims to determine the inhibitory activity of the enzyme compound α-glucosidase and the suppression of DPPH free radicals using the first, second, and third replications of cinnamon bark water extract (C. burmannii) as a natural source of antidiabetic drug candidates. The extraction method uses the infundation technique and is carried out using a spectronometer. The highest yield was obtained in the extraction of the first repeat, which is with an average of 0.674%, the yield did not differ markedly (p>0.05) with the second and third repeats. The highest results of total phenolic testing were obtained in the second repeat extraction of 100.374 GAE g-1, the results differed markedly (p<0.05) with the first and third repeats. The highest results of testing antioxidant activity were obtained at the extraction of the first repeat which was 9.012 mg of AAE g-1, the results differed markedly (p<0.05) with the second and third repeats. The highest result of testing of enzyme inhibition activity α-glucosidase was found in the extraction of the first repeat which was 99.650%, the results did not differ markedly (p>0.05) with the second and third repeats
Kekayaan Jenis dan Distribusi Anggrek Terestrial di Kawasan Hutan Dengan Tujuan Khusus (KHDTK) Sawala Mandapa, Majalengka: Species Richness and Distribution of Terrestrial Orchids in the Forest Area with Special Purpose (KHDTK) Sawala Mandapa, Majalengka
Get PDFAnggrek merupakan salah satu jenis tumbuhan dengan tingkat keanekaragaman yang sangat tinggi, terdiri dari 28.000 jenis termasuk 763 marga. Sebagai salah satu negara megabiodiversitas, Indonesia memiliki setidaknya 5000 jenis Anggrek yang tersebar di berbagai tempat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi jenis Anggrek Terestrial yang terdapat di KHDTK Sawala-Mandapa, Kabupaten Majalengka, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian Kualitatif ini menggunakan metode jelajah dengan ruang lingkup area Sawala-Mandapa dan dengan cara mencatat jenis dan titik koordinat tiap Anggrek Terestrial yang ditemui. Data primer yang diambil direkam menggunakan lembar catatan untuk mencatat jenis dan GPS untuk mencatat titik koordinat. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah terdapat setidaknya empat jenis Anggrek Terestrial yang ditemui antara lain; Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr; Nervilia concolor (Blume) Schltr; Nervila campestris (J.J. SM) Schltr; dan Perystilus djampangensis J. J. Sm. Pada tingkat jenis, anggrek tanah di kedua area memiliki kecenderungan pola terkelompok dengan ukuran tiap kelompok pada tiap titiknya adalah 2-126 individu.Orchid is a plant species with a very high level of diversity, consisting of 28,000 species including 763 genera. As one of the mega-biodiversity countries, Indonesia has at least 5000 types of orchids scattered in various places. This study aims to inventory the types of Terrestrial Orchids found in KHDTK Sawala-Mandapa, Majalengka Regency, West Java Province. This qualitative research uses the roaming method with the scope of the Sawala-Mandapa area and by recording the type and coordinates of each Terrestrial Orchid encountered. The primary data taken was recorded using a note sheet to record the type and GPS to record the coordinates of the point. The results obtained are that there are at least four types of Terrestrial Orchids found, including; Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr; Nervilia concolor (Blume) Schltr; Nervila campestris (J.J. SM) Schltr; and Perystilus djampangensis J. J. Sm. At the species level, soil orchids in both areas tend to have a clustered pattern with the size of each group at each point being 2-126 individuals
Aktivitas Terbang Sebelum Migrasi dan Identifikasi Polen Pada Madu Apis dorsata di Kampar, Riau: Flight Activity Before Migration and Pollen Identification from Honey of Apis dorsata in Kampar, Riau
Get PDFKetersediaan sumber pakan yang rendah menjadi salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi petani madu lebah A. dorsata di Kampar, Riau. Aktivitas lebah terdiri dari spatial learning atau pengenalan lingkungan, foraging atau mencari sumber pakan dan aktivitas migrasi. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis aktivitas terbang lebah dan mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman polen yang ada di dalam madu. Pengamatan aktivitas terbang dilakukan dengan menghitung aktivitas keluar sarang, masuk sarang tanpa polen dan masuk sarang dengan polen selama 3 hari dengan 3 interval waktu. Polen didapatkan dari madu asal Kampar, Riau. Aktivitas lebah A. dorsata keluar sarang, masuk ke sarang tanpa polen dan masuk ke sarang dengan polen selama 3 hari paling tinggi berada pada pukul 11-12, yang merupakan bukan waktu terbang untuk mencari nektar dan polen pada umumnya. Aktivitas terbang meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya suhu dan intensitas cahaya. Sebanyak 13 spesies tumbuhan yang menjadi sumber pakan A. dorsata terdiri atas habitus pohon, perdu, semak dan herba. Jumlah persentase polen paling banyak yang menjadi sumber pakan A. dorsata merupakan habitus pohon yaitu Pentace sp. (64%), Eucalyptus alba (22.9%) dan Elaeis guineensis (4%).The scarcity of nectar and pollen resources are the most problems encountered by the giant forest honey bee Apis dorsata in many places in Indonesia, including those in Kampar, Riau. Due to the environment condition, many bees abscond and migrate to find blooming regions. Thus, we aimed to analyze flight activity of the returning A. dorsata with- and without pollen as well as the pollen diversity in the honey. Flight activities were observed by counting the number of returning bees carrying with and without pollen in 3 days. Pollen from A. dorsata honey was collected and extracted and were acetolyzed for pollen identification. We observed an unusual behaviour that is, the peak of flight activities occurred at 11-12 am. These honey bee time flights are not typical of foraging time activities. Our puzzled revealed that on the day after the last observation, we found that the bees abscond and leaving an empty nest. Thus, we concluded that the noon flight activities were the sign for the flight preparation for migration. In the honey of A. dorsata, we found the most source pollen of A. dorsata is a tree which are Pentace sp. (64%), Eucalyptus alba (22.9%) and E. guineensis (4%)
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Molekuler Gen 16S rRNA Bakteri Lipolitik Asal Limbah Kulit Biji Jambu Mete: Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Lipolytic Bacterial 16S rRNA Gene from Cashew Nutshell Waste
Get PDFLipolytic bacteria attract great attention to various biotechnology industries because of their enzymatic potential. This study aims to isolate and identify lipolytic bacteria from cashew nutshell waste using the 16S rRNA gene as a molecular marker. Lipolytic bacteria were isolated using serial dilutions and inoculated on lipolytic media. A total of 3 isolates of lipolytic bacteria were obtained from cashew nutshell waste based on screening in LA Rhodamine B. The partial sequence of 16S rRNA gene from LB15 amplified using a pair of primers 63F and 1387R having a size of 1238 bp, while BL6 and BK6 were 1283 bp, respectively. Based on genetic distance analysis and phylogenetic reconstruction, we proposed that LB15 be identified as Burkholderia sp. with 99.92% similarity. In addition, because the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of BL6 was 99.87% with Paraburkholderia kururiensis strain 979, BL6 was classified as Paraburkholderia kururiensis. Then, isolate BK6 was identified as Ralstonia sp. with a similarity of 99.53%. The similarity value can be used as a reference in determining the identity of bacteria. A bacterium can be categorized as the same species if it has a similarity value of more than 99%.
Lipolytic bacteria attract great attention to various biotechnology industries because of their enzymatic potential. This study aims to isolate and identify lipolytic bacteria from cashew nutshell waste using the 16S rRNA gene as a molecular marker. Lipolytic bacteria were isolated using serial dilutions and inoculated on lipolytic media. A total of 3 isolates of lipolytic bacteria were obtained from cashew nutshell waste based on screening in LA Rhodamine B. The partial sequence of 16S rRNA gene from LB15 amplified using a pair of primers 63F and 1387R having a size of 1238 bp, while BL6 and BK6 were 1283 bp, respectively. Based on genetic distance analysis and phylogenetic reconstruction, we proposed that LB15 be identified as Burkholderia sp. with 99.92% similarity. In addition, because the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of BL6 was 99.87% with Paraburkholderia kururiensis strain 979, BL6 was classified as Paraburkholderia kururiensis. Then, isolate BK6 was identified as Ralstonia sp. with a similarity of 99.53%. The similarity value can be used as a reference in determining the identity of bacteria. A bacterium can be categorized as the same species if it has a similarity value of more than 99%.
 
Physical activity in Indonesian society and its relation with internet usage during COVID-19 pandemic
No full textPhysical activity is defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles. Several factors can influence a person\u27s physical activity levels, one of them is work from home (WFH) policy caused by Covid-19. This policy could reduce a person’s physical activity. To maintain health during the Covid-19 pandemic, most people access the internet to find health-related information. However, there is no information about the physical activity level and the relationship between physical activity and health-related internet usage during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesian society. This study asked 83 participants from 32 cities in Indonesia to fill the questionnaire related to their activity using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the purpose of internet usage. Most of the respondents had moderate activity levels. Females were more active than males during the Covid-19 pandemic. A higher intensity of working from home negatively correlated with a physical activity score, however, it was not statistically significant. People who used the internet to search for a healthy diet and healthy life information were more physically active than those who did not. Thus, we assumed that people who used the internet to search for a healthy diet and healthy life information have high awareness about their health.
Keywords: Physical activity, IPAQ, MET, Internet usage, Indonesi
Anatomi Daun Varietas Belimbing (Averrhoa carambola L.) Lokal di Taman Buah Mekarsari Bogor: Leaf Anatomy of Local Variety Starfruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) at Mekarsari Fruit Garden, Bogor
Get PDFSweet star fruit (Averrhoa carambola L., belimbing manis) is one of Indonesia’s most popular fruit plants. Anatomically, the characters of the local sweet star fruit of Mekar Sari Fruit Garden are not widely known, so this study aims to observe the anatomical structure of the leaves. The materials used were star fruit leaves of varieties Demak Jingga, Demak Kapur, Demak Kunir, Welahan, and Wulan. The leaves of star fruit varieties were made microscopic preparations in paradermal incisions using the whole mount method and transverse incisions using the paraffin method. The observation result of the paradermal incision of sweet star fruit leaves showed that the type of epidermal cell wall is straight and shallow grooved. The leaf stomata of five sweet star fruit varieties were paracytic. The calculation of the index value, size and density of stomata varied between varieties. The highest stomata density and index were found in the Welahan variety. The results of the transverse incision of sweet starfruit leaves showed that the five local sweet star fruit varieties have mesophyll tissue of the dorsiventral type. Wulan variety has leaves and mesophyll tissue which tends to be thicker than other varieties.Sweet star fruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) is one of Indonesia’s most popular fruit plants. Anatomically, the characters of the local sweet star fruit of Mekarsari Fruit Garden are not widely known, so this study aims to observe the anatomical structure of the leaves. The materials used were star fruit leaves of varieties Demak Jingga, Demak Kapur, Demak Kunir, Welahan, and Wulan. The leaves of star fruit varieties were made microscopic preparations in paradermal incisions using the whole mount method and transverse incisions using the paraffin method. The observation result of the paradermal incision of sweet star fruit leaves showed that the type of epidermal cell wall is straight and shallow grooved. The leaf stomata of five sweet star fruit varieties were parasitic. The calculation of the index value, size and density of stomata varied between varieties. The highest stomata density and index were found in the Welahan variety. The results of the transverse incision of sweet starfruit leaves showed that the five local sweet star fruit varieties have mesophyll tissue of the dorsiventral type. Wulan variety has leaves and mesophyll tissue which tends to be thicker than other varieties
Regenerasi Tanaman Kitolod (Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G.Don) pada Kultur In Vitro: Plant Regeneration of Kitolod (Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G.Don) in In Vitro Culture
Get PDFKitolod (Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G. Don) is a wild plant. Its flower is widely used as a traditional medicine.When this plant is utilized more intensively, there may be a shortage of the plant due to the lack of seed sources. This study aimed to obtain the best techniques and culture conditions for in vitro propagation of kitolod to provide a large number of planting materials. The experiments were arranged using a completely randomized design with two treatment factors and 10 replications for all experiments except in shoot rooting. Leaves and petioles were used as explant sources. Various combinations of benzilamino purine (BAP) and naphtalene acetic acid (NAA) were applied. Leaf explants in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium enriched with 1 mg/L BAP and 0.1 mg/L NAA combination produced the highest number of adventitious shoots per explant, but 2 mg/L BAP + 0.1 mg/L NAA was more effective for shoot initiation and multiplication. The latter medium was also able to produce the tallest shoots, and presented 75% of successful rate over the acclimatization period. The best rooting was provided by MS medium added with 0.5-1.0 mg/L NAA.Kitolod (Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G. Don) is a wild plant. Its flower is widely used as a traditional medicine. When this plant is utilized more intensively, there may be a shortage of the plant due to the lack of seed sources. This study aimed to obtain the best techniques and culture conditions for in vitro propagation of kitolod to provide a large number of planting materials. The experiments were arranged using a completely randomized design with two treatment factors and 10 replications for all experiments except in shoot rooting. Leaves and petioles were used as explant sources. Various combinations of benzilamino purine (BAP) and naphtalene acetic acid (NAA) were applied. Leaf explants in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium enriched with 1 mg/L BAP and 0.1 mg/L NAA combination produced the highest number of adventitious shoots per explant, but 2 mg/L BAP + 0.1 mg/L NAA was more effective for shoot initiation and multiplication. The latter medium was also able to produce the tallest shoots, and presented 75% of successful rate over the acclimatization period. The best rooting was provided by MS medium added with 0.5-1.0 mg/L NAA