Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati
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Bioprospeksi Bunga Lolipop (Pachystachys lutea Nees) sebagai Sumber Alternatif untuk Produksi Gula: Bioprospecting of the lollipop plant (Pachystachys lutea Nees) as Alternative Source for Sugar Production
Get PDFThe lollipop plant (Pachystachys lutea Nees) has been known as an ornamental plant species that originated from the South America region. In Indonesia, some local children claim that the nectar of this flower has a very sweet flavor. This fact has inspired this short bioprospecting study of the lollipop plant with aim to discover its nectar as a potential alternative sugar source. The study was conducted in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Four lollipop plants from three different shading level (one plant in full shade andpartial shade, and two plant in full sun exposure) were sampled as many as five flowers from each plant and their nectar droplets, measured using brix refractometer, and also compared with sweet corn seeds (Zea mays L.) and sugarcane stems (Saccharum officinarum L.). The data was then validated for its significance using t-Tests. The result shows that the lollipop plant grown in partial shade has the highest brix percentage (27.00±1.02%) compared to the rest and is significantly different statistically. The brix percentage of all samples combined for this lollipop plant (25.56±0.42%) also surpassed the sugarcane (15.33±0.36%) and sweet corn (12.67±0.47%) and was significantly different statistically
Estimasi Simpanan Karbon Hutan di Resort Pengelolaan Hutan (RPH) Alue Geulima Tahura Pocut Meurah Intan Aceh Besar: Estimation of Forest Carbon Stocks in RPH Alue Geulima Tahura Pocut Meurah Intan, Aceh Besar
Get PDFForests are natural resources that play an essential role in climate change mitigation. Rising earth temperatures are causing climate change, which is driven by an increase in greenhouse particles, one of which is carbon particles. Human actions generate carbon particles. The amount of carbon absorbed and stored is critical to understanding and serves as a measure of forest condition. The study’s goal is to determine the amount of carbon stored in the Alue Geulima forest in Tahura Pocut Meurah Intan. The Alue Geulima Forest is a representative conservation area with high biodiversity and forest cover. Nested plot methods (in metres): tree level (20 × 20); pole level (10 × 10) and sapling level (5 × 5). Placement of plots systematically (uniform spacing) and the initial plots were placed randomly. The number of plots is 25 plots, sampling of intensity 0.5% represents 200 ha of Alue Geulima forest. The results showed that the value of carbon stocks stored in various strata of stands (trees, poles and saplings) found in 25 measuring plots reached 3,483.76 tons or the average reached the highest in RPH Alue Geulima found at the tree level, namely 2,338.41 tons ha-1. The total carbon stock stored above ground level in the Alue Geulima Tahura PMI Aceh Besar RPH as a whole is 139.35 tons ha-1 with total carbon stocks per 200 ha Alue Geulima RPH forest area of 27,870.08 tons
Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Seledri (Apium graveolens L.) dengan Aplikasi Nutrisi Organik Melalui Sistem Hidroponik: Growth and Production of Celery Plants (Apium graveolens L.) with the Application of Organic Nutrients Through Hydroponic Systems
Get PDFCelery plant (Apium graveolens L.) belongs to the class of important leaf vegetables and has export value. Celery is widely grown in Indonesia is leaf celery which has many benefits, among others, can be used as a complement to the cuisine and has medicinal properties. The study was conducted in July-October 2022 in Toari Village, Toari District, Kolaka Regency, Prov. Southeast Sulawesi. This study uses a complete random design (CRD) single factor pattern consisting of 3 (three) treatments, namely BP0 as a control, BP1 with a dose of 200 ml/liter of banana weevil water, BP2 with a dose of 250 ml/liter of banana weevil water so that there are 9 experimental units. Further test using the Least Significance Different (LSD). The parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, and fresh weight of the plant. The results showed that the treatment of BP2 with a dose of 250 ml/liter of banana tuber water has the highest value compared to the treatment of BP1 and BP0. The results of variety analysis showed that the organic nutrition of banana weevil had a significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, and fresh weight of the plant
Kandungan Gizi Jamur Tiram pada Substrat Kayu Sengon dan Klaras Pisang: Nutrition Contents of Oyster Mushroom on Sengon Wood and Banana Leaves Substrates
Get PDFThe study was conducted to observe the growth, fruiting body production and nutritional contents of white oyster mushroom (Pleurotussp., wild HS isolate) grown on 300 g of mixed substrate between sengon sawdust (Albizia chinensis) (SGKS) and dried banana leaves or klaras (Musa sp.) and compared with SGKS, the commonly used single substrate. Both substrates were added with 15% bran, 1.5% lime and 1.5% gypsum. The production of mushroom fruiting bodies on mixed substrates was higher than that of single substrate with biological efficiency of 27.24% and 22.00%, respectively. Likewise, the protein content of the mixed substrate was much higher than that of the single substrate, 19.6% and 10.9%, respectively, while the crude fiber and carbohydrate contents were slightly higher in the single substrate, respectively 8.76% and 54 ,37%. Further research needs to be carried out on a mixed substrate of at least 500 g to get a more complete pattern of the production and biological efficiency
Bakteri Asam Laktat Kandidat Probiotik dari Susu Kuda Bima: Lactic Acid Bacteria from Bima Horse’s Milk as a Probiotic Candidates
Get PDFAwareness of the role of healthy food has led to increased public interest in healthy food that has additional functions than as energy fulfillment. One form of the healthy foods is food that contains probiotics, so this study aims to select lactic acid bacteria from milk as probiotic candidates. Lactic acid bacteria isolates from goat, horse and buffalo milk in Indonesia were studied to find the best probiotic candidates out of 100 isolates. Parameters which are measured in this study included resistance to gastric acid, bile salts, aggregation, autoaggregation abilities, and sensitivity to antibiotics. One isolate from bima horse’s milk has the potency as a probiotic candidate. The bacterial isolate from Bima horse’s milk has the character of being resistant to acids, and bile salts, sensitive to the two antibiotics tested and can aggregate with Salmonella Thypimurium. From molecular identification, the selected Bima horse’s milk isolate has similarities with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus strain MG5511
Variasi Bentuk dan Warna Sisik Sayap Kupu-Kupu dan Ngengat: Variations in Shape and Color of Butterfly Wing Scales and Moths
Get PDFButterflies and moths are members of Lepidoptera with the main characteristic of having two pairs of membranous wings covered with scales. The wings of butterflies and moths have colored patterns that can be used as protection from predators. The aim of this study was to compare the shape, size, and color variations of the scales on the wings of butterflies and moths. Samples of butterflies and moths were collected from the Dramaga Bogor Agricultural University campus. In this study, 11 species of butterflies were used belonging to three families, namely Pieridae, Nymphalidae, and Papilionidae, and 9 species of moths in four families, namely Erebidae, Geometridae, Hesperiidae, and Uraniidae. Observation of scales was carried out with a compound microscope connected to a camera, and measured using imageJ. The shape of the wing scales of butterflies and moths was elongated and widened with the base of the scales and the number of teeth on the distal part varied. The shape of the serrations on the butterfly scales tends to be rounded, while on the moth it is tapered. Larger scale sizes are found on light-colored butterfly scales and dark-colored moth scales
Keanekaragaman Coccinellid Predator sebagai Musuh Alami Hama Kutu-Kutuan pada Ekosistem Pertanaman Cabai Merah di Kecamatan Merawang, Kabupaten Bangka: Diversity of Predatory Coccinellids as Natural Enemies Pest of Fleas in the Red Chili Plantation Ecosystem in Merawang District, Bangka Regency
Get PDFCoccinellid beetles (Coleoptera), most of which are predatory species on small, soft-bodied insects. Predatory Coccinellids are biological agents that functions as pest control in cultivated plants. The control of plant pests needs the availability of data on potential coccinellid predators. This reserach aims to study the diversity, richness, evenness and dominance of predatory coccinellid and to determine their relationship with environmental microclimate parameters. The research was carried out in the red chili plantation ecosystem at Merawang District, Bangka Regency. Three stations were used, i.e., station 1, 2, and 3 in Kimak, Jada Bahrin, and Balunijuk villages, respectively. Predatory coccinellid were collected by hand picking and by using a sweep net. Data on diversity analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener, Data on richness analyzed using the Margalef, Data on evenness analyzed using the Pielow evenness indices. dominance species was analyzed using the Simpson formula. The results showed that there were 7 species of predatory coccinellid, namely Coccinella tranversalis, Harmonia octomaulata, Menochilus sexmaculatus, Coelephora. macullata, C. bisellata, Verania lineate, and V. discolor with diversity at a moderate level (1,254), evenness at a low level (0.239) , the richness at a low level (1,628), and dominance of coccinellid at a low level (0.369)
Seleksi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Halotoleran Penghasil Enzim Amilase Dari Produk Fermentasi Ikan-Inasua: Selection and Characterization of Halotolerant Bacteria that produce Amylase Enzyme from Fish-Inasua Fermented Food
Get PDFFish-inasua fermented food is a potential source to obtain halotolerant bacteria-producing amylase. Previously, four bacterial isolates such as IG12, IG6, IG66, and IG31, isolated from this food, have been reported to be able to produce protease and lipase enzyme, but their potential as amylase enzyme producers have not been studied. This study aims to characterize and test the potential of halotolerant bacteria isolated from this food in producing amylase enzymes. Based on Gram staining, four bacterial isolates were Gram-positive. The qualitative test of amylase on NA medium with the addition of 1% starch showed four bacteria were able to produce amylase in NaCl (0 to 5%)-containing medium. IG66 isolate was the most potential isolate because it had the highest enzyme activity in a medium with 5% NaCl concentration, which was 0.095 U/ml. The amylase activity was produced maximum at the 8th hour, which is the early stationary phase. Its maximum activity in the 5% NaCl-containing medium was at the 10th hour. In addition, amylase produced by IG66 isolate reached optimum activity at a temperature of 50°C and pH 7. This study concluded that IG66 isolate was the most potential halotolerant isolate that could be developed as an amylase-producing agent
Identifikasi Berdasarkan Anatomi Tumbuhan Pakan dalam Feses Gajah Sumatra (Elephas maximus sumatranus) di Taman Nasional Way Kambas: Identification Based on the Anatomy of Forage Plants in the Fecal of the Sumatran Elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) in Way Kambas National Park
Get PDFThe diversity of forage plant species for elephants can be analyzed by observing the anatomy of undigested plant fragments in the fecal. This study aims to identify forage plants from the fecal samples of Sumatran elephant in Way Kambas National Park. The research methods include collected fecal samples at Way Kambas National Park, prepared slide microscope of epidermis of the plant fragments using the whole mount method, observed the anatomical characters and identified the plant fragments based on data from previous studies and reference. The results obtained 34 types of epidermis which were differentiated based on the characteristics of epidermal cell, stomata and trichomes. These epidermis types were used to identify the plants forage by Sumatran elephants. We found leaf fragment of four families, namely Arecaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae and Zingiberaceae. The most common fragments found in the fecal samples were the leaf fragments of Poaceae (28 type epidermis). Anatomical study on the plant fragments in fecal can be used as an alternative method in studying plants consumed by elephant
First Record of Free-Living Nematode Mylonchulus hawaiiensis from Bondowoso Regency-Indonesia
Get PDFMonochids are predatory nematodes that can be found in various ecosystems. In this study, we analyzed monochids from the rhizosphere of Arabica coffee in Bondowoso Regency-Indonesia. The morphological analysis showed that the nematode belonged to the Mylonchulus hawaiiensis (Cassidy, 1931) species. The analysis results were also confirmed by a molecular analysis using DNA from a single nematode. The study also involved a polymerase chain reaction process using a forward primer SSU F07 (5’-AAA GAT TAA GCC ATG CAT G-3’) and reverse primer SSU R 81 (5’-TGA TCC WKC YGC AGG TTC AC-3’), which amplifies the small subunit (SSU) region of rDNA. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequence obtained formed a cluster with those of M. hawaiiensis found in GenBank. The sequences obtained had homology ranging from 99.64 to 99.70% compared with M. hawaiiensis sequences found in GenBank. This study is the first report of M. hawaiiensis from Indonesia