Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati
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Perilaku Harian Keong Mas Pomacea canaliculata (Gastropoda: Ampullariidae): Daily Behaviour of the Golden Apple Snail Pomacea canaliculata (Gastropoda: Ampullariidae)
Get PDFP. canaliculata (Gastropoda: Ampullariidae) is a water snail that can be found in Indonesia. P. canaliculata is of concern to the community since it can become a pest in the agricultural sector and harm the community. This study aimed to determine the daily behaviour of P. canaliculata, which is located in Lake SDGs IPB University. The observations used the scan sampling method on 10 adult snails for 24 hours with three times repetitions. The results of this study indicate that P. canaliculata has four dominant behaviours: exploration, social interaction, immobile (fixed), and immobile (loose). In addition, P. canaliculata exhibits other behaviours such as siphoning out, feeding, mating, spawning, burying, exploration, and floating. Water temperature changes also influenced active and inactive behaviours. The observed activity of P. canaliculata snails was mostly carried out in water. P. canaliculata was more active in the dark phase (18.00-06.00) with water temperatures ranging from 29 to 32°C and more inactive in the light phase with water temperatures ranging from 28 to 29°C
Perilaku Defensif Lebah Apis cerana Terhadap Stimulus Isopentil Asetat (IPA): Honey bee Apis cerana Defensive Behavior based on Isopentyl Acetate (IPA) Stimulus
Get PDFHoney bee workers perform colony defense behavior to maintain colony integrity against predators. The aim of this research was to explore the response of A. cerana defensive behavior by using Isopentyl Acetate (IPA) as the stimulus which is the main volatile compound in the venom. Five concentrations of IPA volume i.e. 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 µL IPA were used as the stimulus and each volume was pipetted to a cotton ball. The cotton ball was placed 10 cm in front of the hive entrance in oscillatory motion for five minutes. Natural defensive behavior of A. cerana (balling behavior), balling temperature and A. cerana predator were observed. Observation of defensive behavior was conducted by using colonies A. cerana obtained from Parung Panjang, Bogor and Nyalidung, Sukabumi; and using colonies A. cerana obtained from Sumedang and Banjarsari, Lebak. Based on the research, five A. cerana defensive behavior responses were observed, i.e.: guarding in front of bee hive entrance, recruitment at the hive entrance, fly toward the cotton ball, balling around the hive entrance, and balling on cotton ball. A. cerana showed defensive behavior due to IPA stimulus, however, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) with the variety IPA stimulus volume. We found the temperature of 44°C inside the natural balling of A. cerana defense behavior, as the colony defense mechanism in response to the natural predator Vespa sp. wasp
Pengaruh Deterjen Cair terhadap Mortalitas dan Perilaku Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus): The Effect of Liquid Detergent on Mortality and Behavior of Nila Fish (Oreochromis niloticus)
Get PDFThe disposal of detergent waste into water bodies leads to environmental problems. The use of detergents is increasing, and the variety of detergents available is also becoming more diverse. This study examines the mortality and behavior of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in response to liquid detergent contaminants. The research was conducted from March to April 2023 at the Fish Behaviour Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University. We used 154 individuals of Nile tilapia measuring 5-7 cm. A total of 90 individuals were used for the preliminary test and most of them died at the highest concentration of 100 ml/L within five minutes. Sixty individuals were used for determining LD50–96 and we found that the LD50–96 was 1.29 ml/L. The behavior of four individuals of tilapia was observed using focal animal sampling in four sublethal concentrations. The results show that the detergent contaminant inhibits oxygen diffusion and damages the physiological functions of the tilapia. The detergent concentration level also affects the operculum opening and closing behavior, movement, feeding response, and mortality. 
Keragaman Tumbuhan Invasif di Perkebunan Sawit PT Perkebunan Nusantara II Deli Serdang, Sumatra Utara: Diversity of Invasive Plant Species in Palm Oil Plantation PT Perkebunan Nusantara II Deli Serdang, North Sumatra
Get PDFSeveral species of weeds, categorized as invasive plants, are among the factors inhibiting plantation productivity. The uncontrolled spread and growth of these invasive plants can lead to both economic and ecological losses. This study aimed to analyze the diversity of invasive species in the palm oil plantation area of PT Perkebunan Nusantara II. Plant samples were collected by establishing sample plots in three different blocks using purposive sampling. Additionally, species identification and data analysis were conducted, including the Important Value Index (IVI), diversity index, similarity index, and evenness index. A total of 20 invasive species out of 61 weed species, belonging to 14 families, were identified. The invasive species are primarily herbs, climbing plants, and shrubs. Invasive species are dominated by families Poaceae and Asteraceae. Asystasia gangetica, Mitracarpus hirtus, Peperomia pellucida, and Phyllanthus urinaria were found in all three blocks. However, based on the IVI value, only three invasive species were found to significantly affect the community: P. urinaria, Setaria plicata, and P. pellucida
Pemanfaatan Analisis Komponen Utama dalam Mendeskripsikan Ciri Morfoagronomi Padi yang Berkorelasi dengan Yield: The Utilization of Principle Component Analysis to Describe Yield-related Morpho-agronomic Characters in Rice
Get PDFRice is an important food crop with a crucial role in global food security. Study on correlation between morphoagronomic traits and yield is an important step in the development of superior rice varieties. Research data were collected from 20 rice varieties grown in the experimental field. A total of 10 morphoagronomic trait variables were measured, including plant height, number of productive tillers, flowering age, dry weight of biomass, hollow grain, 1,000-grain weight, grain weight, panicle number, panicle length, and harvest index. Data were analyzed using variance, correlation, and principal component analyses. The results of PCA showed that 3 principal components (PC) explained 80.88% of the data variation. PC1 was associated with plant height, flowering age, biomass dry weight, empty grain, panicle length, grain weight per clump. PC2 was associated with 1,000-grain weight and harvest index, while PC3 was associated with number of productive tillers and number of panicles. Correlation analysis showed that 1,000-grain weight was positively correlated with harvest index, while biomass dry weight was negatively correlated. These results suggest that all observed morphoagronomic traits except biomass dry weight have an important role in increasing rice yield. Furthermore, the results of this study provide basic informations for the development of high-yielding rice varieties
Deteksi Konsentrasi Fe, Cu, Zn dan Pb Air Sungai dan Ikan yang Tercemar Air Lindi di Bandar Lampung Dengan Menggunakan SSA: Detections of Fe, Cu, Zn and Pb Concentration in River Water and Fish Polluted by Leachate in Bandar Lampung Using AAS
Get PDFLeachate is a pollutant produced by landfills which can pollute the aquatic environment. This will have an impact on fish that live in waters contaminated with leachate and if consumed by the public it will harm health. The toxic effects of leachate are caused by the content of toxic chemicals, one of which is heavy metals. The aim of this research was to determine the concentrations of Fe, Cu, Zn and Pb in Bakung landfill leachate, Sukamaju river water and fish meat. Bakung landfill leachate samples were taken from two outlet points. The fish sampling location was carried out in the Sukamaju River. The physical factors of water measured are temperature, pH, salinity, turbidity, DO, COD and BOD. Fe, Cu, Zn and Pb concentrations were measured using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) method. The results show that the physicochemical parameters in leachate and river water exceed the threshold. The contents of Zn, Cu, Fe and Pb in the leachate at both outlet points exceeded the threshold value with values of 2.48 mg/L and 2.80 mg/L; 16.55 mg/L and 17 mg/L; 0.078 mg/L and 0.113 mg/L; 3.26 mg/L and 3.01 mg/L. The concentration of heavy metals Pb and Fe in river water is 0.083-0.162 mg/L and 2.68-2.97 mg/L which are above the quality standard value, while the heavy metal Fe content in fish meat exceeds the specified threshold value, namely 0.557 mg/100 g and 0.564 mg/100 g
Pengaruh Status Gizi terhadap Jangka Reproduksi Perempuan pada Tiga Kecamatan di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan: The Influence of Nutritional Status on the Reproductive Period of Females in Three Sub-Districts South Lampung Regency
Get PDFThe maturity of women\u27s reproductive organs can be characterized by the onset of the first menstruation, known as menarche, while the concluding phase is referred to as menopause. The time frame spanning from menarche to menopause is known as the reproductive period. One crucial factor influencing the reproductive period is nutritional status. Optimal body fat reserves tend to extend the reproductive period, whereas inadequate reserves can have the opposite effect. Notably, women residing in urban areas often experience a more extended reproductive period compared to their rural counterparts. The aim of this study was to assess the reproductive period of women in three sub-districts in South Lampung and to analyze the potential impact of nutritional status on the individual reproductive period. The study was conducted between January and April 2023 in the sub-districts of Jati Agung, Natar, and Kalianda. Data was gathered from a total of 57 respondents through interviews and physical measurements. Nevertheless, only 18 respondents met the criteria and were further analyzed. Nutritional status was evaluated using the body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat (PBF). The findings revealed that the average reproductive period for women in the three South Lampung sub-districts was 37.06 years. The average age for menarche was 14.22 years, while the average age for menopause was 51.28 years. However, the study did not find a significant correlation between nutritional status and the reproductive period of women in the three examined sub-districts of South Lampung
Toksisitas Letal (LC50) Zat Surfaktan Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate terhadap Ikan Cere (Gambusia affinis): Lethal Toxicity (LC50) of Linear Surfactant Alkylbenzene Sulfonate on Mosquito Fish (Gambusia affinis)
Get PDFMosquito fish (Gambusia affinis) is a species often used as a bioindicator because it has high adaptability to water quality changes. Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) is a surfactant often found in waters and can cause death for the biota that lives in it. This study aimed to analyze the impact of LAS surfactant on the survival of mosquito fish and to determine the minimum concentration of LAS surfactant that can cause death and tissue damage. Research conducted during April 2022 using 500 mosquito fishes. We did several tests, including a lethal toxicity test to find out the concentration of LAS surfactant that can cause death and tissue damage. The results showed that the LC50 values of LAS surfactants at exposure times of 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours were 7.64, 7.43, 7.29, and 6.83 mg/L, respectively. Mosquito fish blood glucose levels at LAS concentrations of 0, 2.65, 4.30, 6.97, and 11.3 were 56, 75, 79.6, 95, and 95.6 mg/dl. Exposure to LAS surfactant in mosquito fish can cause gill damage in the form of edema, lamella fusion, hyperplasia, lamellae epithelium swelling, and gill filaments necrosis. Another damage occurs to the liver in the form of blockage of blood vessels and sinusoids, hyperplasia, widening of the hepatic sinusoid gap, fat accumulation, and necrosis of hepatocytes
Biodiversitas Burung Air di Kawasan Mangrove di Sekitar Muara Sungai Lakawali dan Sungai Ussu Kecamatan Malili, Kabupaten Luwu Timur, Sulawesi Selatan: Biodiversity of Water Birds in the Mangrove Area Around the Estuaries of the Lakawali River and Ussu River, Malili District, East Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi
Get PDFWater bird diversity in mangrove ecosystem of the Malili District, East Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi, is rarely studied. This reseacrh aims to examine the diversity of bird species in the mangrove ecosystem, Malili District, East Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi. The study was conducted at two stations, namely mangrove forests at the Lakawali River estuary and at the Ussu River estuary. Data collection was carried out using field by field methods, observations were made with binoculars and a Nikon D5200 DSLR camera. Data analysis was performed using the Diversity Index (H’) formula according to Shannon-Winner and evenness index (E) according to Magurren. Species conservation status is determined based on Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. P.106/MENLHK/SETJEN/ KUM.1/12/2018 and IUCN redlist. The results showed that 417 individual birds were found consisting of 5 orders, 7 families and 17 species, there was one protected species, namely great knot (Calidris tenuirostris). The diversity index (H’) in the estuary of Lakawali river is 2.48, and in the estuary of Ussu river is 2.59 which indicates the medium category. The evenness index (E) in the estuary of Lakawali river was 0.92 and in the Ussu River was 0.93 which showed that the distribution of species in both habitats was quite even
Observasi Perilaku Cacing Tanah Metaphire sp. Sebagai Upaya Awal Domestikasi: Behavioural Observation of Earthworm Metaphire sp. as an Initial Domestication Effort
Get PDFEarthworms play many roles, comprising processing soil, improving soil fertility, and being an ingredient in various products (e.g., medicine and cosmetics). Therefore, earthworms are widely cultivated. The Indonesian worm, Metaphire sp., constitutes a large biomass but has not been widely researched and cultivated. Domestication is a necessary first step in facilitating cultivation and husbandry. This study aims to determine the natural daily behavioral pattern of adult Metaphire sp. earthworms at the individual level. This research was conducted by collecting and keeping a stock of worms. Then, we observed the natural behavior of Metaphire sp. on and under the soil surface (through a glass terrarium) for seven days each. Observed parameters for each behavior were recorded in the ethogram table. We also sketched and recorded the length of the excavated tunnel. During the day, Metaphire sp. showed predominantly resting or inactive behavior, mostly occurring under the soil surface. Metaphire sp. comes to the ground mostly in the evening. Based on these results, the peak activity of Metaphire sp. can be stated that it takes place at night from 18.00-23.00. At night, Metaphire sp. appeared and did most activities on the surface. We conclude that Metaphire sp. is most active at night, from 18.00- 23.00