Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati
Not a member yet
154 research outputs found
Sort by
Aktivitas Antimikrob Minyak Atsiri dan Potensinya sebagai Antiseptik : Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils and Their Potential as Antiseptics
Get PDFPathogenic bacterial infection is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Essential oil-based antiseptic is needed to prevent pathogenic infection. This study aimed to analyze the antimicrobial activity of essential oils and their antiseptic potential. The essential oils used were clove oil, patchouli oil, citronella oil, ginger oil, and nutmeg oil. These oils had various antibacterial activities with inhibition zones ranging from 0.3-1.2 cm against Escherichia coli [ATCC 8739], Pseudomonas aeruginosa [ATCC 15442], and Staphylococcus aureus [ATCC 6538], as tested by agar diffusion method. Nutmeg oil had the largest inhibition zone against of three targeted bacteria. Supporting this result, cell viability test showed nutmeg oil in concentration of 500 ppm and 1,000 ppm could inhibit the growth S. aureus up to 62% and 100%, respectively. Analysis of standardized antiseptic based on SNI: EN 1040:2005 proved that nutmeg oil can be used as antiseptic candidate because it was able to reduce the S. aureus more than 5log10 after contact for 1 minute. Our data indicate nutmeg oil can potentially to be applied as an antimicrobial agent and an ingredient of antiseptic products
Antifungal Activity of Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Dayak Onion (Eleutherine bulbosa) Against Candida albicans
Get PDFCandidiasis is a fungal infection due to a decrease in the immune system caused by Candida spp. In general, candidiasis is treated with antifungal drugs, but uncontrolled use can result in the emergence of drug resistance and toxicity. Endophytic bacteria have the potential to be biological control agents against various fungal infections including candidiasis. This study aims to determine the antagonistic activity of endophytic bacteria isolated from Dayak onions and the antifungal activity of its cell-free supernatant (CFS) against Candida albicans. Thirteen isolate strains of endophytic bacteria were used in this study. Antagonistic activity was tested using the agar plug diffusion method. Endophytic bacteria that showed antagonistic activity against C. albicans were cultivated in Nutrient Broth media to produce CFS. The antifungal activity of CFS was tested using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. The results indicated that six isolates of endophytic bacteria from dayak onions have antagonistic activity against C. albicans. CFS from strain CED4 has a strong antifungal activity against C. albicans with a clear zone diameter of 18.5 mm. Further studies are needed to determine the antifungal compounds produced by CED4 isolates for the development of anticandidal
Isolasi, Karakterisasi, dan Identifikasi Bakteri Penghasil Hemolisin dari Penderita Gingivitis: Isolation, Characterisation, and Identification of Hemolysin-Producing Bacteria from Gingivitis-Diagnosed Patient
Get PDFGingivitis is a gum inflammation caused by pathogenic bacterial infection. One of the virulence factors of pathogenic bacteria is hemolysin which plays an important role in lysing the red blood cells. This study aimed to isolate, characterise, and identify hemolysin-producing bacteria from a gingivitis-diagnosed patient. Quantification of the bacterial growth in blood agar base media showed that the number of bacteria on the gums of gingivitis patient was 1.63 × 107 CFU/ml. Seven bacterial isolates with different colony and cellular morphology were selected. Of 7 isolates, 3 isolates were β hemolytic, 3 isolates α hemolytic, and 1 isolate non-hemolytic. Six isolates with hemolytic activity were selected for colony and cellular morphology characterisation. Based on Gram-staining procedure, all six isolates belong to bacilli Gram-positive bacteria. Molecular identification with 16S rRNA gene revealed that these isolates were closely related to Bacillus spp., such as Bacillus cereus, Bacillus altitudinis, and Bacillus tequilensis
The Potential of Mycofoam as a Biocomposite Material with Various Substrate and Mushroom Compositions
Get PDFMycofoam is a biocomposite composed of mycelial filaments that bind to the host substrate, which can replace polystyrene. This research aims to determine the most appropriate formulation of the growing medium and mushroom to be used in mycofoam products based on some parameters. Composition is one of the main factors for selecting the most appropriate mycofoam to replace polystyrene. On the other hand, the quality of mycofoam can be assessed through its strength and water resistance. The mushroom mycelium used in this study came from Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinula edodes. Besides, the growing medium formulation comprises five different compositions, each containing different proportions of sawdust and bagasse. This research was composed of preparation of growing medium, spawn inoculation, molding, heating, testing, and data analysis. Based on the results, the combination of 100 percent sawdust and L. edodes was the most appropriate choice compared to other formulations based on strength and appearance. The results of the water absorption test showed that all mycofoam formulations were not resistant to water, bio-based coating can be used to overcome this problem
Karakter Morfologi Dan Hubungan Kekerabatan Pada Tanaman Jahe (Zingiber officinale) di Kabupaten Garut: Morphological Character and Relationships of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Plants in Garut Regency
Get PDFGinger (Zingiber officinale) is one of the spice plants used for cooking or traditional medicine in Indonesia. Ginger variations are highly diverse in the Garut region, hence there is a need for the characterization of ginger plants to identify the germplasm present in the Garut area. This research was conducted at several points in the Garut region by observing the morphological characteristics of ginger based on Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants. The morphological characteristics observed include overall plant morphology, including stem, leaves, and rhizomes. After the data were collected based on predetermined criteria according to descriptors, the data were processed using NTSYS 2.1 to determine the relatedness of the ginger varieties found. Based on the analysis of the dendrogram results, it is shown that among the red ginger varieties (A1 and A5), there is a coefficient value of 0.65, indicating a high similarity in properties. Elephant ginger (A3, A2) and emprit ginger (A6) have a coefficient value of 0.45, indicating a close relatedness between elephant ginger and red ginger, while elephant ginger (A4 and A7) has a coefficient value of 0.50, indicating close relatedness
Suhu dan Masa Simpan Benih Memengaruhi Viabilitas Benih Mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla King.): Temperature and Seed Storage Period Affect Mahogany Seed Viability (Swietenia macrophyllaKing.)
Get PDFSwietenia macrophylla or big-leaf mahogany is an exotic species from Central and South America. This tree has various benefits, so it’s used as an industrial plantation forest and afforestation in Indonesia. However, seed storage of mahogany is a major problem in cultivation, because it can reduce seed viability. The storability of seeds is influenced by seed and environmental conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of temperature and storage time on the viability of S. macrophylla seeds and to calculate the Seedling Quality Index (SQI). The experiment was carried out using a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 factors. The first factor was consisted of four levels of temperature treatment, namely room temperature (24), 4, 0, and -20°C. The second factor was the storage period treatment which consisted of 4 levels, namely 1 up to 4 weeks, with 1-week intervals. The results showed that the interaction between temperature and storage time affected mahogany leaves, primary and secondary roots, root/shoot ratio, and total wet weight of S. macrophylla seedlings. Mahogany seeds that were stored at room temperature for 1 week resulted in the highest seed viability, with SQI of 0.03-0.04
Produksi Jamur Merang (Volvariella volvacea (Bull. ex. Fr) Sing). pada Dua Jenis Limbah Kapas: Production of Straw Mushrooms (Volvariella volvacea (Bull. ex. Fr) Sing). on Two Types of Cotton Wastes
Get PDFOne of the substrates for the growth of straw mushrooms is cotton waste. Based on the cellulose content, trash cotton and dust cotton were selected as substrates. This research was conducted twice at the dry season. The 3,000 g production substrates were a mixture of trash cotton and straw in a ratio of 2:1 (T2J1) and 1:1 (T1J1), dust cotton and straw in a ratio of 2:1 (D2J1) and 1:1 (D1J1). Previously, cotton and straw with the addition of 8% rice bran and 3% lime were composted separately, then mixed, pasteurized and inoculated with 2.5% of spawn. The D2J1 substrate produced higher number and bigger of fruit bodies, with the biological efficiency (BE) of 21.22 and 23.03% for the first and the second experiments, while the BE of T1J1 were only 16.76% and 5.84% and those of D1J1 were 15.63% and 12.45%, those of T2J1 were 16.76% and 0.22% for the first and second experiment respectively. The lowest BE value in these experiments due to incomplete vegetative phase, along with the contamination of Trichoderma sp. In conclusion, the production of straw mushroom fruiting bodies depends on the type of cotton and its ratio to straw
Pemanfaatan Bakteri Asam Laktat (BAL) Amilolitik untuk Fermentasi Tepung Terigu dan Gandum: Using of Amylolytic LAB for Fermentation of White Wheat and Whole Wheat Flour
Get PDFThe national demand for carbohydrates in flour continues to increase significantly due to the emergence of contemporary food products that use flour as the primary ingredient. One of the products used in producing food is sourdough, which is fermented flour. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have a role in food fermentation by producing lactic acid. Amylolytic LAB can produce amylase enzyme, a biocatalyst in the starch hydrolysis process. One of the products made from the fermentation of wheat flour is sourdough. This study aims to determine the character of amylolytic LAB in wheat and wheat flour fermentation. The research methods include rejuvenation of LAB, selection of isolates, fermentation of starchy materials, and characterization of fermented liquid. The selection of bacteria was based on cell viability and pH, which showed that isolated Pediococcus pentasaceus E1222 could be used as a starter for starchy fermentation. The highest total acid and cell viability were produced in 24-hour wheat and wheat flour fermentation. Fermented wheat flour and flour had the most favorable aroma and texture, and fermented flour had the most favorable taste. Isolate Pediococcus pentasaceus E1222 is an isolate that can be used in making sourdough
Probiotics on Commercial Fish Growth: A Meta-Analysis
Get PDFProbiotics are widely used in fish diets to improve health and growth, but a detailed analysis of their impact on fish growth performance has been lacking. This study conducted a meta-analysis of 86 relevant articles out of 627 identified, focusing on specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The study examined the effects of different variables, including the number of probiotic strains used, the type of water (freshwater, saltwater, or brackish), and the concentration of probiotics. The results indicated that probiotics had a significant positive effect on both SGR and FCR in fish. There was no notable difference in growth performance between diets with single strains versus multiple strains of probiotics. However, freshwater fish showed a better response to probiotics compared to saltwater and brackish water fish. The analysis found that the minimum effective concentration of probiotics for improving SGR was 7 log CFU/g, while 8 log CFU/g was needed to enhance FCR. Overall, this meta-analysis offers valuable insights into optimizing the use of probiotics in aquaculture, demonstrating that specific factors such as water type and probiotic concentration play critical roles in achieving the best growth performance in fish
Karakterisasi Bakteri Tanah Penghasil Enzim Hidrolitik yang Diisolasi dari Pulau Muna, Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia: Characterization of Hydrolytic Enzyme Producing-Bacteria Isolated from Soil of Muna Island, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
Get PDFSoil bacteria are considered a promising source of extracellular enzymes, such as amylase, cellulase, and protease. In this study, 15 bacterial strains isolated from the soil of Muna Island, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, were preliminary screened for amylolytic, cellulolytic, and proteolytic activities. The present study aimed to characterize cellular morphology, determine hemolytic characteristics, and to screen amylolytic, proteolytic, and cellulolytic activities of bacterial strains isolated from the soil of Muna Island. Based on the Gram staining procedure, 15 bacterial strains exhibited diverse cellular morphologies. Ten out of 15 strains belonged to Gram-positive bacilli, while the others belonged to Gram-negative bacteria (bacilli or cocci). Four strains, encoded as M7, P4, P5, and P7, were hemolytic negative. These potential strains exhibited different capabilities in producing extracellular enzymes. The four strains were capable of producing protease, while amylase and cellulase were only produced by two strains (M7 and P7). These strains have good prospects for further study and development for industrial and biotechnological applications