Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati
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Maskulinisasi Ikan Cupang (Betta splendens) Melalui Perendaman Larva Menggunakan Madu Hutan: Masculinization of Betta Fish (Betta splendens) Through Larval Immersion Using Forest Honey
Get PDFBetta fish are freshwater species known for their territorial behavior and pronounced aggressiveness. The beauty of the color, shape and pattern of fish is special attraction so that it has high selling value, especially in males. Reversal sex through masculinization techniques, is able to produce higher study ratio. This study aims to test effectiveness of immersion betta fish (B. splendens) larval stage in honey solution and study its effect on fish survival. This study used complete randomized design (RAL) method with one factor in the form of immersion time. There were five lengths of immersion as treatment, 0 hours (Control), 24 hours (P1), 28 hours (P2), 32 hours (P3) and 36 hours (P4) with 3 tests each. Larvae used are aged 3 days after hatching. The results showed that length of soaking had a significant (P<0.05) on survival rates in all treatments. The percentage of male sex observed in the K treatment was 21.66±4.81%, P1 was 50.85±2.92%, P2 was 50.58±4.59%, P3 was 52.46±3.90% and P4 was 0%. The effective soaking time treatment is for 24 hours. The effect of natural honey on the masculinization of betta fish was effective in P1 treatment of 50.85±2.92% and survival rate of 94.95±1.37%
Tumbuhan Obat Suku Batak Simalungun dari Cagar Alam Dolok Tinggi Raja
Get PDFBatak Simalungun tribe that inhabited the area around the nature reserve Dolok Tinggi Raja uses many plants species for medicine. This study aimed to examine the use of medicinal plants by the people of Batak Simalungun tribe and determine local knowledge of the tribe in maintaining the sustainability of the medicinal plants in nature. Data obtained from the open and semi-structural interviews, plant exploration, and identification. Batak Simalungun tribe uses 63 species of medicinal plants belonged to 52 genera and 36 families. The herb is used to treat many health problem, such as: hingh and muscles problem, respiratory diseases, digestive diseases, internal disease, skin diseases, nerves, malaria, measles, fever, colds, sore eyes. The herb is also used for increasing stamina and endurance. Medicinal plants used in various ways include direct consumption, mashing, squeezing, extracted, soaked in warm water, steamed, boiled, baked, and fried. The community used various plant parts such as the root, stems, water in stem , bark extract, sap, young leaves, leaves, fruit, or whole parts of the plant, and the most part used is leaves
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Cendawan Endofit Akar Anggrek Epifit Vanda sp. dan Anggrek Terestrial Spathoglottis plicata: Isolation and Identification of Root Endophytic Fungi in Epiphytic orchid Vanda sp. and Terrestrial Orchid Spathoglottis plicata
Get PDFEndophytic fungi play an important role in the orchid lifecycle by aiding seed germination and plant development. Information on the diversity of endophytic fungi in Indonesian orchids, particularly Vanda epiphytic orchid and Spathoglottis terrestrial orchid, is still limited. This study aimed to isolate and identify endophytic fungi from the roots of Vanda sp. and Spathoglottis plicata orchids collected from Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan, and Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi. Isolation was performed using Potato Sucrose Agar (PSA) medium, and morphological identification was carried out through macroscopic and microscopic observations. A total of four endophytic fungal isolates were identified, including Nigrospora sp. and Penicillium sp. from Vanda sp. roots, and two isolates of Fusarium sp. from Spathoglottis plicata roots. The four fungal isolates obtained had aerial mycelium and septate hyphae, as well as conidia with diverse shapes. The diversity of endophytic fungi in orchid species could be influenced by the fungal affinity on the specific microhabitat conditions of each tissue and host plant species
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Antioksidan dari Metabolit Ekstraseluler Bakteri Endofit Tumbuhan Mahang (Macaranga bancana): Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity Test of Extracellular Metabolites of Endophytic Bacteria of Mahang Plants (Macaranga bancana)
Get PDFThe increasing pollution which promotes accumulation of free radicals and a significant number of bacterial resistances to antibiotics have prompted various efforts to search for new sources of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of bioactive compounds produced by endophyte bacteria from M. bancana. The most potential bacterial isolate was extracted its active constituents until obatined crude extract and tested using disc diffusion technique and detemined MIC and MBC values. Antioxidant properties using DPPH radicals were performed followed by GC-MS analysis of its crude extract. We obtained that MB3.1 isolate exhibited antibacterial activity against all four tested bacteria including Escherichia coli strain ATCC 8739, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain ATCC 9027, Staphylococcus aureus strain ATCC 25923, and Bacillus subtilis strain ATCC 6633. The best MIC values of this extract were shown against B. subtilis with an MIC value of 39.06 μg/ml. Further, MB3.1 extract showed a moderate antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 248.19 μg/ml. GC-MS analysis of MB3.1 extract revealed 10 dominant compounds, including phenylethyl alcohol, benzeneethanol, 4-hydroxy, and tryptophol, which might be responsible for the antibacterial and antioxidant properties
The Effect of Lockdown During the Covid-19 Pandemic on Bird Species Richness at IPB Dramaga Campus
Get PDFIPB Dramaga Campus in Bogor has been recognized to hold a high diversity of birds, while at the same time is also experiencing disturbance due to human activities. During the covid-19 pandemic in 2020-early 2022, most human activities on campus were decreased. Observations made during lockdown indicated that birds were seen more easily in various habitats on campus. The objective of this study was to describe bird species richness and composition before the period of lockdown and after the pandemic (post-lockdown). Bird surveys were conducted monthly in 2019 and from January to May 2023 to obtain a bird species list. Mist nets were set up monthly for 3 months in 2019 and 2023 to obtain demographic data. Descriptive analysis was conducted by comparing the results with previous data collected by Uni Konservasi Fauna (UKF) and Cikabayan Bird Banding Club (CBC). The number of bird species between the two periods did not differ significantly; there were 66 species in while in 2023 there were 60 species. In both periods bird species composition was dominated by the family of Cuculidae, and the dominant feeding guild was insectivores
Potensi Cadangan Biji Tumbuhan Bawah Pasca Erupsi Merapi di Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi: Seed Bank Potential of Understorey Plants After The Eruption of Merapi Volcano in Mount Merapi National Park
Get PDFThe 2010 eruption of Mount Merapi caused the ecosystem of Mount Merapi National Park had damage. The recovery of the surrounding ecosystem was called succession . Soil seed bank can be a seed resource for the succession. This research was conducted to analyze vegetation composition and explore the potential seed bank of understorey plants. The vegetation analysis was done using a quadratic method in the three locations: highly damaged, moderately damaged, and lightly damaged. A 1×1 m2 plot was used to collect 9 soil samples from each location. The soil samples were stored in a greenhouse for the germination test. Results showed that Poaceae dominated the vegetation in three locations. The vegetation in moderately and lightly damaged locations has a higher score in diversity and evenness than that in highly damaged locations. The seed bank results showed approximately 34 understorey plants from 14 families dominated by Poaceae. The similarity between the standing aboveground vegetation and soil seed banks in the three locations was low
Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Antioksidan dari Senyawa Bioaktif Asal Bakteri Endofit Tanaman Nyatoh (Palaquium amboinense B.) : Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties of Bioactive Compounds Derived from Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Nyatoh (Palaquium amboinense B.)
Get PDFNyatoh plant (Palaquium amboinense B.) is native to Indonesia which is known to have the ability to produce potential secondary metabolites. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial and antioxidant activities from bioactive compounds produced by endophytic bacteria from nyatoh leaves. Five endophytic bacteria were tested against 4 targeted bacteria including Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 19659, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538. Bacterial isolate which had the strongest antibacterial activity was then fermented and extracted. The corresponding extract was further tested on disc diffusion method, determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) values, antioxidant evaluation, and analyzed for its bioactive compound components via GC-MS analysis. The results showed that one isolate, namely D1 can produce secondary metabolite which act as antibacterial and antioxidant potentials. This corresponding extract has the strongest MIC and MBC against B. subtilis with value of 39.5 and >78.1 µg/ml and exhibited antioxidant activity against 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) with inhibition value of 85.37%. Based on GC-MS analysis, secondary metabolites derived from this potential extract contained some major active constituents including Tributyl acetylcitrate and bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester which might act as antibacterial and antioxidant agents
Diversitas dan Komposisi Flora Paku (Pteridophyta) di Perkebunan Teh Nirmala Citalahab, Kecamatan Kabandungan, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat: Diversity and Composition of Pteridophytes at Nirmala Citalahab Tea Plantation, Kabandungan District, Sukabumi, West Java
Get PDFPteridophytes are able to live in a variety of habitats resulting in high species diversity. However, in monoculture vegetation such as tea plantations, species diversity can be reduced. This study aimed to compare the composition of the pteridophytes on the edge of the main road and the area in the tea garden at the Nirmala Tea Plantation, Kabandungan District, Sukabumi, West Java. Samples were collected using the exploratory method, then identified and observed for their morphological characteristics, and then the data were analyzed descriptively. The diversity of pteridophytes in the tea garden area (18 species) was lower than the main roadside tea plantation (25 species). Some species in the tea plantations were only found in the tea garden area (7 species) or on the side of the main roadside (14), and there were also species found in both locations (11 species). Pteridophytes in the study area is dominated by terrestrial ferns and the Polypodiaceae family. Soil moisture and wind speed are more influential factors on the diversity of pteridophytes than other abiotic factors measured. This result is new information on the diversity of fern in the Tea Plantation
Eco-Friendly Antifungal from Seven Botanical Extracts and Its Effect To Plant Pathogenic Fungi
Get PDFFusarium oxysporum has been the enemy in agriculture due to the wide range of infections in the whole crop and postharvest. Botanical extracts in traditional medicine systems were considered valuable sources for discovering new antifungals. Thus, exploration to get antifungals from eco-friendly botanical extracts as an alternative to synthetic fungicides needs to be expanded. Therefore, this study aims to test the antifungal potential of seven eco-friendly botanical aquadest extracts against F. oxysporum in vitro. The antifungal potential test was done on PDA media and the mycelial growth data was collected every two days for seven days. There were three antifungal phenomena were observed. The pandan leaf extract had a 4% fungal inhibition zone (phenomenon I). The extract of banana leaf, Hibiscus flower, papaya leaf, guava twig (phenomenon II), orange peels, and betel leaf (phenomenon III) had no values of fungal inhibition zone. Thus, pandan leaves extract revealed a fungal inhibition while other six botanical extracts had not enough antifungal potential in vitro
A Longitudinal Study: Correlation Between Physical Activity and Stress Level Among Undergraduate Students in IPB University
Get PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic-related restrictions on physical activity outside can cause changes in physical activity in humans compared to before the pandemic. Differences in levels of physical activity are frequently associated with changes in stress levels, including in students. However, no longitudinal research has been conducted on the relationship between physical activity and stress levels in undergraduate students using the same respondents in different settings. This study aimed to assess the relationship between physical activity and stress levels in Indonesian students and to assess its consistency under different conditions. The data was collected from 81 undergraduate students in IPB University in two sampling phases: 2021 (during the Covid-19 pandemic) and 2023 (after the pandemic). The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to assess the prevalence of physical activity, and the Perceived Stress Scale (PPS) was used to assess students’ perceived stress. The findings revealed that there were no differences in physical activity and stress levels between the two sampling phases. There was no significant relationship between physical activity and stress levels at either sampling time. These findings suggest that stress level at a certain level does not show any link to physical activity of the students