University of Applied Sciences Emden Leer
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Maschinelle Sorgearbeit? Geschlecht, Ungleichheit und die Grenzen der Digitalisierung
No full textEine aufmerksame Begleiterin steht dem älteren, leicht verwirrten Herrn im Pflegeheim den ganzen Tag zur Seite: Sie ruft Hilfe, wenn es ihm schlecht geht, und liest aus der Zeitung vor oder singt, wenn er sich langweilt. Wird er traurig, hört sie einfach zu. Auch seine medizinische und pflegerische Betreuung organisiert sie zuverlässig: Sie erinnert an Medikamente, die eingenommen werden müssen und koordiniert die Aufgaben und Tätigkeiten der Pflegekräfte im Heim. Wer würde sich nicht einen solchen Beistand wünschen? Wäre der Senior mit dieser Begleiterin nicht rundum gut versorgt?
KRISTINA, PEPPER oder PAIBUDDY heißen die neuen Begleiter_innen, die Pflegebedürftigen Unterstützung bei..
In-Line Observation of Laser Cladding Processes via Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
No full textDirect metal deposition (DMD) can be used for the cladding of surfaces as well as repairing and additive manufacturing of parts and features. Process monitoring and control methods ensure a consistent quality during manufacturing. Monitoring by optical emission spectroscopy of the process radiation can provide information on process conditions and the deposition layer. The object of this work is to measure optical emissions from the process using a spectrometer and identify element lines within the spectra. Single spectra have been recorded from the process. Single tracks of Co-based powder (MetcoClad21) were clad on an S235 base material. The influence of varying process parameters on the incidence and intensity of element lines has been investigated. Moreover, the interactions between the laser beam, powder jet, and substrate with regard to spectral emissions have been examined individually. The results showed that element lines do not occur regularly. Therefore, single spectra are sorted into spectra including element lines (type A) and those not including element lines (type B). Furthermore, only non-ionised elements could be detected, with chromium appearing frequently. It was shown that increasing the laser power increases the incidence of type A spectra and the intensity of specific Cr I lines. Moreover, element lines only occurred frequently during the interaction of the laser beam with the melt pool of the deposition layer
Engineering human-focused Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems in Industry 4.0 context
No full textThe world is increasingly interconnected, and this can also be seen in industry, where an ecosystem of digitalized assets, and humans with appropriate digital interfaces, constantly interact with each other. Digital transformation efforts in the industry rely on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems that are driven by service-based cooperation among humans and digitalized industrial assets. This implies a radical paradigm change in their engineering and operation, which is focused on the symbiosis of digitalized assets and humans that cohabit a collaboration-driven industrial ecosystem. This work discusses how a digital transformation can effectively be achieved in an industrial ecosystem via a digitalization process performed along the three dimensions of the Reference Architecture Model for Industry 4.0, facilitated by the specification, development and implementation of an Asset Administration Shell. The discussion focus is put on humans and how the digitally transformed industrial environments empower her/his capabilities and interactions. It is also critically pointed out how one should go beyond technology and consider additional aspects. Therefore, it is argued that human-centred efforts in Industry 4.0 (I4.0) should be seen in the larger context of sustainability and circular economy in order to properly consider the interplay of the involved socio-technical dimensions.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Towards symbiotic autonomous systems’
Visual pursuit biases tactile velocity perception
No full textDuring a smooth pursuit eye movement of a target stimulus, a briefly flashed stationary background appears to move in the opposite direction as the eye’s motion—an effect known as the Filehne illusion. Similar illusions occur in audition, in the vestibular system, and in touch. Recently, we found that the movement of a surface perceived from tactile slip was biased if this surface was sensed with the moving hand. The analogy between these two illusions suggests similar mechanisms of motion processing between the vision and touch. In the present study, we further assessed the interplay between these two sensory channels by investigating a novel paradigm that associated an eye pursuit of a visual target with a tactile motion over the skin of the fingertip. We showed that smooth pursuit eye movements can bias the perceived direction of motion in touch. Similarly to the classical report from the Filehne illusion in vision, a static tactile surface was perceived as moving rightward with a leftward eye pursuit movement, and vice versa. However, this time the direction of surface motion was perceived from touch. The biasing effects of eye pursuit on tactile motion were modulated by the reliability of the tactile and visual stimuli, consistently with a Bayesian model of motion perception. Overall, these results support a modality- and effector-independent process with common representations for motion perception
Erfolgversprechende Maßnahmen zur Erhöhung der Studierneigung bei Schüler*innen: Erkenntnisse und Empfehlungen aus dem Projekt NEO-MINT
No full textIntegrating Gamification: The Human-Centered Gamification Process
No full textThe dynamically growing research area of gamification is loaded with a lack of consensus on definitions, a variety of non-validated frameworks, and few practical insights. Hence, we conducted a literature review to explore current best practices in applying gamification for integration in a practical use case. Instead, we found a narrow focus on theoretical discussions. For a stronger representation of practical research, standards need to be established for transferring gamification concepts to practical application. To fill this research gap, we designed a process and tools for a practical, human-centered, and context-related gamification application. We derived the process and tools from insights of our literature review as well as the realization of a gamification use case on a German online comparison platform. In addition, we incorporated standards such as the Human-
Centered Design Process to maintain the established quality level of the field of user experience. In this paper, we present the Human-Centered Gamification Process (HCGP) and provide tools as practical guidance to lower the barrier for researchers and professionals to conduct theoretical and practical gamification projects
How can Small Data Sets be Clustered?
No full textIn many areas, only small data sets are available and big data does
not play a significant role, e.g., in Human-Centered Design research.
In the context of machine learning analysis, results of small data sets
can be biased due to single variables or missing values. Neverthe-
less, reliable and interpretable results are essential for determining
further actions, such as, e.g., treatments in a health-related use case.
In this paper, we explore machine learning clustering algorithms
on the basis of a small, health-related (variance) data set about early
dyslexia screening. Therefore, we selected three different cluster-
ing algorithms from different clustering methods: K-Means, HAC
and DBSCAN. In our case, K-Means and HAC showed promising
results, while DBSCAN did not deliver distinct results. Based on
our experiences, we provide first proposals on how to handle small
data set clustering and describe situations in which using Human-
Centered Design methods can increase interpretability of machine
learning clustering results. Our work represents a starting point
for discussing the topic of clustering small data sets
"Ich musste erstmal verstehen, wie ticken die hier, um was geht es?" : Fachkulturen an der Hochschule Emden/Leer
Get PDFDie Hochschule Emden/Leer investiert viel in die Förderung einer klischeefreien Studienwahl. Mit Maßnahmen wie dem Zukunftstag, MINT-Angeboten für Schülerinnen und dem NiedersachsenTechnikum sollen Mädchen und junge Frauen die Chance bekommen, vor allem technische Studiengänge kennenzulernen. Obwohl es bundesweit solche Förderprogramme seit bald 20 Jahren gibt, hat sich an den Geschlechterverhältnissen in den Studiengängen insgesamt nur wenig getan. Woran liegt es, dass die Maßnahmen nicht den gewünschten Erfolg bringen? Es hat sich die These etabliert, dass die jedem Fach zugrundeliegenden methodischen und didaktischen Konzepte, die zur Problemlösung angebrachten Denkweisen, der Habitus der fachlich Etablierten – dass also die Fachkultur den (Geschlechter-)Unterschied macht.
Diese These auf die Hochschule Emden/Leer anzuwenden und herauszufinden, welche fachkulturellen Vorstellungen von den dort handelnden Personen geteilt werden, ist das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie. Wie sehen die Hochschulangehörigen ihre Fachkultur, wie die der Kolleg*innen? Wo benennen sie Differenzen oder Konflikte, die auf fachkulturelle Unterschiede zurückzuführen sein könnten? Wie erklären und bewerten sie die Geschlechterverteilung in ihrem Fach? In zehn leitfadengestützten Interviews wurde diesen Fragen nachgegangen
Retrofitting of Flettner Rotors – Results From Sea Trials of the General Cargo Ship “Fehn Pollux”
No full textIn 2018, a German- Dutch project consortium under the scientific direction of the Emden/Leer University of Applied Sciences retrofitted and commissioned the latest rotor development of the Eco-Flettner type on the test ship Fehn Pollux of the Leer-based shipping company Fehn Ship Management. Main design features are both upper and lower endplates with large diameter for improved aerodynamic performance and modular manufacturing. The retrofitting concept is groundbreaking in terms of easy transferability to other ships. Upscaling to a significant share of the world merchant fleet could make a substantial and realizable contribution to climate protection in the short term and potentially reduced transport costs in the long term. The most frequently asked question in connection with modern sail drives is about the performance potential and the associated fuel savings. Transparent performance data is required to enable an economic prognosis for the use of Flettner rotors on ships. The Faculty of Maritime Sciences at Emden/ Leer University of Applied Sciences has developed an automatic control and monitoring system for Flettner rotors that also records extensive operating and environmental data. The data shows that all previous assumptions and model calculations are basically correct. With regard to the performance potential, the first series of measurements show even higher rotor forces compared with model calculations. This is a further benefit for Flettner rotor efficiency and could help the
Herleitung und Validierung eines einfachen Modells zur Beschreibung des Misch- und Entmischungsprozesses beim Feststoffmischen
No full textDiskontinuierliche Feststoff-Mischprozesse werden weitestgehend über die Mischzeit geführt. Dabei wird die erforderliche Mischzeit häufig in Mischversuchen separat ermittelt. Ob diese dem Optimum entspricht, bleibt offen. Es fehlt an Modellen zur Beschreibung des zeitlichen Mischgüte-Verlaufs. Der vorliegende Beitrag fügt ein einfaches, zweiparametriges Modell hinzu, das neben dem Homogenisier- auch den Segregationsprozess berücksichtigt. Damit können mögliche Mischgüte-Optima mithilfe weniger durchgeführter Mischversuche approximiert werden