University of Applied Sciences Emden Leer
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TrainAR: A Scalable Interaction Concept and Didactic Framework for Procedural Trainings Using Handheld Augmented Reality
No full textThe potential of Augmented Reality (AR) for educational and training purposes is well known. While large-scale deployments of head-mounted AR headsets remain challenging due to technical limitations and cost factors, advances in mobile devices and tracking solutions introduce handheld AR devices as a powerful, broadly available alternative, yet with some restrictions. One of the current limitations of AR training applications on handheld AR devices is that most offer rather static experiences, only providing descriptive knowledge with little interactivity. Holistic concepts for the coverage of procedural knowledge are largely missing. The contribution of this paper is twofold. We propose a scalabe interaction concept for handheld AR devices with an accompanied didactic framework for procedural training tasks called TrainAR. Then, we implement TrainAR for a training scenario in academics for the context of midwifery and explain the educational theories behind our framework and how to apply it for procedural training tasks. We evaluate and subsequently improve the concept based on three formative usability studies (n = 24), where explicitness, redundant feedback mechanisms and onboarding were identified as major success factors. Finally, we conclude by discussing derived implications for improvements and ongoing and future work.
Keywords:
mobile; handheld; augmented reality; mixed reality; procedural; education; learning; training; framework; interaction concept; midwifer
How to Handle Health-Related Small Imbalanced Data in Machine Learning?
No full textWhen discussing interpretable machine learning results, researchers need to compare them and check for reliability, especially for health-related data. The reason is the negative impact of wrong results on a person, such as in wrong prediction of cancer, incorrect assessment of the COVID-19 pandemic situation, or missing early screening of dyslexia. Often only small data exists for these complex interdisciplinary research projects. Hence, it is essential that this type of research understands different methodologies and mindsets such as the Design Science Methodology, Human-Centered Design or Data Science approaches to ensure interpretable and reliable results. Therefore, we present various recommendations and design considerations for experiments that help to avoid over-fitting and biased interpretation of results when having small imbalanced data related to health. We also present two very different use cases: early screening of dyslexia and event prediction in multiple sclerosis
Depression-, Anxiety-, and Anger and Cognitive Functions: Findings From a Longitudinal Prospective Study
No full textBackground: Determinants of changes in cognitive function during aging are not well-understood. We aimed to estimate the effects of depression-, anxiety- and anger symptoms on cognition and on cognition changes, especially on changes in episodic memory (EM) and executive functioning (EF).
Methods: We analyze data from the Mid-Life in the Midlife in the United States Biomarker study at two time points including n = 710 women, and n = 542 men (1996/1997) at the first assessment and n = 669 women, and n = 514 men at the second assessment (2013/2014). To assess cognition we used the Brief Test of Adult Cognition (BTACT). To measure depression-, anxiety- and anger symptoms we used the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (MASQ), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI). We used repeated models analyses to explore changes in cognition, and repeated measures linear mixed-effects models to investigate depression, anxiety and anger effects on cognition. All analyses were adjusted for potential confounders (cognition at baseline, age, education, income).
Results: At the first assessment, women had significantly better episodic memory functioning than men; men in the oldest age group had significant better executive functioning. At the second assessment, more education, and white ethnicity were associated with less negative changes on episodic memory and executive functioning. Depression- and anger symptoms were associated with declines in episodic memory among women; anxiety symptoms were associated with declines in episodic memory and executive functioning in both gender in men (EF: β: −0.02, (95% CI: −0.03, −0.01; EM: β −0.02 (−0.02, 95% CI: −0.03, −0.01) and in women (EF: β −0.01, 95% CI: −0.02, −0.0004; EM: β −0.013, 95% CI: −0.03, −0.001).
Conclusions: Depression-, anxiety- and anger symptoms were associated with changes in episodic memory and executive functioning. Further longitudinal studies are critical in populations in more countries to better understand the impact of depression, anxiety and anger symptoms on cognition changes
Quantitative Messung von User Experience
No full textDer Workshops soll Personen zusammenzubringen, die sich mit der Entwicklung und praktischen Anwendung von Verfahren zur quantitativen Messung von User Experience beschäftigen. Mögliche inhaltliche Themen betreffen methodische Fragen in Bezug auf die Entwicklung solcher Verfahren und Problemstellungen in Bezug auf ihre praktische Anwendung in konkreten Projekten bzw. bei der Implementierung als Teil des Qualitätsprozesses in Unternehmen. Der Workshop besteht aus einer Reihe von Vorträgen und einem interaktiven Teil, in dem ausgewählte Fragen mit den Teilnehmern diskutiert werden
Health Literacy und Empowerment
No full textErkennen und Lösen von Barrieren und Herausforderungen Deutschland ist ein zentrales Einwanderungsland Europas und eines der wichtigsten weltweit. Migrant*innen sind nicht grundsätzlich gesünder oder kränker, haben aufgrund ihrer Migrationshistorie aber andere Gesundheitschancen und -risiken. Diese entstehen u.?a. durch biografische Expositionen, andere Lebensgewohnheiten, ein anderes Verständnis von Krankheit und Gesundheit oder durch soziale Benachteiligung oder Diskriminierung im Zielland. Dieses Handbuch bietet einen umfassenden Überblick über zukünftige Entwicklungen und Herausforderungen zum Thema Migration: •Forschung und Theorien: Epidemiologische Modelle und Ergebnisse aus empirischen Studien zu Migration und Gesundheit; Othering; Diversitätssensible Forschungsdesigns •Arbeitswelt und Gesundheit: Integration und Belastungen von Pflegekräften und Ärzt*innen mit Migrationshintergrund; Rehabilitative Versorgung •Versorgung und Praxis: Kompetenz in interkulturellen Behandlungssituationen wie Pflege- oder der psychosozialen Versorgung; Diversitätssensibler Umgang mit Suchterkrankungen •Kommunikation und Ethik: Überwindung von Sprach- und Zugangsbarrieren; Intergenerationale Übertragung von Migrationserfahrungen; Unbegleitete minderjährige Geflüchtete; Gesundheitliche Dimensionen von Rassismus und Diskriminierung; Intersektionalität •Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung: Sensible und spezifische Ansätze zur Förderung von Gesundheitskompetenz, Empowerment und Teilhabe; „Mit Migranten für Migranten“-Programme; Lebensweltorientierte Gesundheitsförderung Der Fokus liegt auf dem deutschsprachigen Raum, bezieht aber auch europäische und globale Perspektiven ein
Analysis of signal to noise ratio in coronagraph observations of coronal mass ejections
No full textWe establish a baseline signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) requirement for the European Space Agency (ESA)-funded Solar Coronagraph for OPErations (SCOPE) instrument in its field of view of 2.5–30 solar radii based on existing observations by the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). Using automatic detection of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), we anaylse the impacts when SNR deviates significantly from our previously established baseline. For our analysis, SNR values are estimated from observations made by the C3 coronagraph on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft for a number of different CMEs. Additionally, we generate a series of artificial coronagraph images, each consisting of a modelled coronal background and a CME, the latter simulated using the graduated cylindrical shell (GCS) model together with the SCRaytrace code available in the Interactive Data Language (IDL) SolarSoft library. Images are created with CME SNR levels between 0.5 and 10 at the outer edge of the field of view (FOV), generated by adding Poisson noise, and velocities between 700 km s−1 and 2800 km s−1. The images are analysed for the detectability of the CME above the noise with the automatic CME detection tool CACTus. We find in the analysed C3 images that CMEs near the outer edge of the field of view are typically 2% of the total brightness and have an SNR between 1 and 4 at their leading edge. An SNR of 4 is defined as the baseline SNR for SCOPE. The automated detection of CMEs in our simulated images by CACTus succeeded well down to SNR = 1 and for CME velocities up to 1400 km s−1. At lower SNR and higher velocity of ≥ 2100 km s−1 the detection started to break down. For SCOPE, the results from the two approaches confirm that the initial design goal of SNR = 4 would, if achieved, deliver a comparable performance to established data used in operations today, with a more compact instrument design, and a margin in SNR before existing automatic detection produces significant false positives
T-CHAT educational framework for teaching cyber-physical system engineering
No full textCyber-physical systems (CPS) are increasingly used in manufacturing, transportation, health, and other industries. To develop these complex interdisciplinary systems, highly qualified CPS engineers are required who possess sound engineering knowledge and excellent transferable skills. Academic institutions offer a range of modules and curricula to teach CPS engineering. However, the literature reports a gap between expectations of industry and competencies of CPS graduates. To close this gap, this paper introduces and describes a holistic educational framework (T-CHAT) for teaching CPS engineering at the module level. To evaluate this framework, two use cases were analysed by conducting self-perception surveys and semi-structured interviews with students. Descriptive statistics and t-tests were calculated for the survey data. Interviews were coded and analysed using a General Inductive Approach. The analysis results were discussed by the comparison of the T-CHAT implementations in these two use cases
The Reliability and Test-Retest Stability of the Treatment Perception Questionnaire (TPQ) in the Oncology Field: A Pilot Study
No full textBackground:
Patients' satisfaction is an indicator of technical, instrumental, environmental, and interpersonal aspects of care. It shows how much the health service “as a whole organization” meets the patients’ psychosocial expectations and if the health professionals combine their technical competence with relational skills. The Treatment Perception Questionnaire (TPQ) is a brief instrument developed in the United Kingdom for research with substance abuse disorder populations. The present study aimed at evaluating the reliability and test-retest stability of the TPQ Italian translation in a sample of patients with solid and blood cancers.
Methods:
The TPQ was administered to 263 people with solid and blood cancers. Test-retest reliability was evaluated in a subgroup of 116 participants who completed the TPQ again after 3 months.
Results:
The reliability of TPQ was good. Cronbach’s alpha: 0.83 (95%CI: 0.79-0.86), 0.66 (0.59-0.72), 0.71 (0.65-0.769), respectively, in the total test, and in subscales on “staff perception”, and “program perception”. Test-retest reliability was 0.82 (0.77-0.87). The mean difference between the first and the second assessment was 1.0 (SD = 7.1; 95% CI -0.35 to 2.33). By plotting the differences and the means of the two assessments, 5/116 cases (4.3%) were outside the upper and lower limits of agreement.
Conclusions:
This study points out good reliability and test-retest stability of the TPQ in the oncology field. The TPQ can be used to assess variation over time about satisfaction with care in patients with oncological diseases, favoring the identification of unmet patients’ needs about the quality of the service
Towards a Process Model for Agile Transformation in E-government Projects
No full textE-government projects in public administration often fail due to lacking communication and unclear requirements. Furthermore, users are usually not involved in the development of digital products. The agile transformation offers a promising approach to improve communication and the affinity to change regarding requirements in e-government projects. In addition, the agile transformation, as a paradigm shift from a plan- oriented to an user-centered development, enables a high degree of user-orientation. In order to support and measure the agile transformation, a screening instrument was developed in previous research and was adapted to the context of public administration. This screening instrument enables the measurement of the progress in agile transformation using a personality questionnaire. In this paper we define a seven-step prototypical process model for the application of the screening instrument in public administrations. This process model accompanies the use of the screening instrument in seven steps as a recommendation for usage and enables a targeted and continuous improvement in the agile transformation process in the context of public administration authorities
A Survey on Edge and Edge-Cloud Computing Assisted Cyber-Physical Systems
No full textIn recent years, the investigations on cyber-physical systems (CPS) have become increasingly popular in both academia and industry. A primary obstruction against the booming deployment of CPS applications lies in how to process and manage large amounts of generated data for decision making. To tackle this predicament, researchers advocate the idea of coupling edge computing, or edge-cloud computing into the design of CPS. However, this coupling process raises a diversity of challenges to the quality-of-services (QoS) of CPS applications. In this article, we present a survey on edge computing or edge-cloud computing assisted CPS designs from the QoS optimization perspective. We first discuss critical challenges in service latency, energy consumption, security, privacy, and reliability during the integration of CPS with edge computing or edge-cloud computing. Afterwards, we give an overview on the state-of-the-art works tackling different challenges for QoS optimization, and present a systematic classification during outlining literature for highlighting their similarities and differences. We finally summarize the experiences learned from surveyed works and envision future research directions on edge computing or edge-cloud computing assisted CPS optimization