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The Last King of France’s Letters: The Controversy between Helen Maria Williams and Bertrand de Moleville about the Translation of Louis XVI’s Correspondence
Full text linkThis article examines The Political and Confidential Correspondence of Lewis the Sixteenth (1803), by Helen Maria Williams, in which she translates the letters by Louis XVI while she adds her own political commentaries. This translation received negative reviews and one of its harshest critics was royalist emigré Bertrand de Moleville. The first part of this article explores the controversy that surrounded Williams’s translation and reveals that the letters were forged. The following part analyzes Williams’s political arguments that legitimize the deposition of Louis XVI as the king of France. The last part explores Bertrand’s A Refutation of the Libel on the Memory of the Late King of France, published in 1804. The article concludes that, regardless of the authenticity of the letters, Williams’ work deserves reconsideration as it sheds light on her participation in the political debates of her time. Besides, the article shows that the misogynistic arguments employed by Bertrand contributed to the invisibilization of Williams’s work. This article examines The Political and Confidential Correspondence of Lewis the Sixteenth (1803), by Helen Maria Williams, in which she translates the letters by Louis XVI while she adds her own political commentaries. This translation received negative reviews and one of its harshest critics was royalist emigré Bertrand de Moleville. The first part of this article explores the controversy that surrounded Williams’s translation and reveals that the letters were forged. The following part analyzes Williams’s political arguments that legitimize the deposition of Louis XVI as the king of France. The last part explores Bertrand’s A Refutation of the Libel on the Memory of the Late King of France, published in 1804. The article concludes that, regardless of the authenticity of the letters, Williams’ work deserves reconsideration as it sheds light on her participation in the political debates of her time. Besides, the article shows that the misogynistic arguments employed by Bertrand contributed to the invisibilization of Williams’s work. This article examines The Political and Confidential Correspondence of Lewis the Sixteenth (1803), by Helen Maria Williams, in which she translates the letters by Louis XVI while she adds her own political commentaries. This translation received negative reviews and one of its harshest critics was royalist emigré Bertrand de Moleville. The first part of this article explores the controversy that surrounded Williams’s translation and reveals that the letters were forged. The following part analyzes Williams’s political arguments that legitimize the deposition of Louis XVI as the king of France. The last part explores Bertrand’s A Refutation of the Libel on the Memory of the Late King of France, published in 1804. The article concludes that, regardless of the authenticity of the letters, Williams’ work deserves reconsideration as it sheds light on her participation in the political debates of her time. Besides, the article shows that the misogynistic arguments employed by Bertrand contributed to the invisibilization of Williams’s work. This article examines The Political and Confidential Correspondence of Lewis the Sixteenth (1803), by Helen Maria Williams, in which she translates the letters by Louis XVI while she adds her own political commentaries. This translation received negative reviews and one of its harshest critics was royalist emigré Bertrand de Moleville. The first part of this article explores the controversy that surrounded Williams’s translation and reveals that the letters were forged. The following part analyzes Williams’s political arguments that legitimize the deposition of Louis XVI as the king of France. The last part explores Bertrand’s A Refutation of the Libel on the Memory of the Late King of France, published in 1804. The article concludes that, regardless of the authenticity of the letters, Williams’ work deserves reconsideration as it sheds light on her participation in the political debates of her time. Besides, the article shows that the misogynistic arguments employed by Bertrand contributed to the invisibilization of Williams’s work. This article examines The Political and Confidential Correspondence of Lewis the Sixteenth (1803), by Helen Maria Williams, in which she translates the letters by Louis XVI while she adds her own political commentaries. This translation received negative reviews and one of its harshest critics was royalist emigré Bertrand de Moleville. The first part of this article explores the controversy that surrounded Correspondence and reveals that the letters were forged. The following part analyzes Williams’s political arguments that legitimize the deposition of Louis XVI as the king of France. The last part explores Bertrand’s Refutation, published in 1804. The article concludes that, regardless of the authenticity of the letters, Correspondence is a work that deserves reconsideration as it sheds light into Williams’s participation in the political debates of her time. Besides, the article shows that the misogynistic arguments employed by Bertrand contributed to the invisibilization of Williams’s work
The Contemporary Reception of a Feminist Icon: Translations of Mary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Woman in Twenty-First Century Spain
Full text linkMary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), is nowadays presented as a foundational text for modern feminism. Its rapid rendering into European languages such as French and German contrasts with the late translation into Spanish, which was not published until 1977. Nevertheless, the twenty-first century has witnessed a renewed interest in the figure of Wollstonecraft and her role as a precursor of the first feminist wave in Europe. Within this framework, this study examines Wollstonecraft’s public reception in Spain through contemporary (re)translations of her work. For this purpose, attention is paid to translations into Spanish and other co-official languages published during the first two decades of the twenty-first century, as well as the author’s public reception in Spanish newspapers. This research, thus, attests to the recent process of recovery of Wollstonecraft’s work in Spain and underscores her iconic role in contemporary local and international feminist discourses. Mary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), is nowadays presented as a foundational text for modern feminism. Its rapid rendering into European languages such as French and German contrasts with the late translation into Spanish, which was not published until 1977. Nevertheless, the twenty-first century has witnessed a renewed interest in the figure of Wollstonecraft and her role as a precursor of the first feminist wave in Europe. Within this framework, this study examines Wollstonecraft’s public reception in Spain through contemporary (re)translations of her work. For this purpose, attention is paid to translations into Spanish and other co-official languages published during the first two decades of the twenty-first century, as well as the author’s public reception in Spanish newspapers. This research, thus, attests to the recent process of recovery of Wollstonecraft’s work in Spain and underscores her iconic role in contemporary local and international feminist discourses. Mary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), is nowadays presented as a foundational text for modern feminism. Its rapid rendering into European languages such as French and German contrasts with the late translation into Spanish, which was not published until 1977. Nevertheless, the twenty-first century has witnessed a renewed interest in the figure of Wollstonecraft and her role as a precursor of the first feminist wave in Europe. Within this framework, this study examines Wollstonecraft’s public reception in Spain through contemporary (re)translations of her work. For this purpose, attention is paid to translations into Spanish and other co-official languages published during the first two decades of the twenty-first century, as well as the author’s public reception in Spanish newspapers. This research, thus, attests to the recent process of recovery of Wollstonecraft’s work in Spain and underscores her iconic role in contemporary local and international feminist discourses. Mary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), is nowadays presented as a foundational text for modern feminism. Its rapid rendering into European languages such as French and German contrasts with the late translation into Spanish, which was not published until 1977. Nevertheless, the twenty-first century has witnessed a renewed interest in the figure of Wollstonecraft and her role as a precursor of the first feminist wave in Europe. Within this framework, this study examines Wollstonecraft’s public reception in Spain through contemporary (re)translations of her work. For this purpose, attention is paid to translations into Spanish and other co-official languages published during the first two decades of the twenty-first century, as well as the author’s public reception in Spanish newspapers. This research, thus, attests to the recent process of recovery of Wollstonecraft’s work in Spain and underscores her iconic role in contemporary local and international feminist discourses. Mary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), is nowadays presented as a foundational text for modern feminism. Its rapid rendering into European languages such as French and German contrasts with the late translation into Spanish, which was not published until 1977. Nevertheless, the twenty-first century has witnessed a renewed interest in the figure of Wollstonecraft and her role as a precursor of the first feminist wave in Europe. Within this framework, this study examines Wollstonecraft’s public reception in Spain through contemporary (re)translations of her work. For this purpose, attention is paid to translations into Spanish and other co-official languages published during the first two decades of the twenty-first century, as well as the author’s public reception in Spanish newspapers. This research, thus, attests to the recent process of recovery of Wollstonecraft’s work in Spain and underscores her iconic role in contemporary local and international feminist discourses.
Alcune osservazioni sui saggi "Russia" (1910) e "Santa Russia" (1918) di Andrej Belyj
Full text linkAndrej Belyj (1880-1934), uno dei principali esponenti del Simbolismo russo, affrontò il tema della Russia in molte delle sue opere. Fra di esse il saggio "Russia" (1910), singolare nel corpus bieliano per l\u27assenza del consueto orientamento mistico e per la chiarezza quasi didattica dell\u27impianto, rimane piuttosto in ombra negli amplissimi studi sull\u27autore. Obiettivo del presente lavoro è mostrarne la struttura e le strategie retoriche anche sulla scorta del confronto con altri lavori di Belyj, in particolare il saggio "La Santa Russia" (1918), che si pone in dialogo diretto con "Russia" a distanza di otto anni dalla prima pubblicazione. Andrei Bely (1880-1934), one of the leading exponents of Russian Symbolism, dealt with the theme of Russia in many of his works. Of these, the essay "Russia" (1910), atypical of the corpus of his works due to the absence of the usual mystical orientation and because of the almost didactic clarity of the structure, has remained somewhat in the shadows in the very extensive studies on the author. The aim of this work is to highlight its structure and rhetorical strategies, also on the basis of a comparison with other works by Bely, in particular the essay "The Saint Russia" (1918), which, appearing eight years after the first publication of "Russia", is in direct dialogue with the 1910 essay
Beyond the Moral of the Digital Story. Belén Gache’s Cyberliterature and the Values of Technological Art
Full text linkIn the face of the theories that dismiss digital arts for being facilitated by the capitalist system, this paper argues that a critical awareness on the dangers of new technologies does not necessarily lead to the condemnation of technological arts. Indeed, the evidence suggests that digital technologies are an excellent medium through which literature can voice a nuanced and critical consideration about the world in which it appears. The analysis focuses on Spanish-Argentinian writer Belén Gache’s transmedia project Kublai Moon (2013-2019) in order to demonstrate that hypothesis. Firstly, it is shown that the novel reflects on the compatibility between humans and machine, in its content as well as in its forms. Secondly, it is contended that the axiological judgments on literature must be based on updated criteria when it comes to evaluating digital works.In the face of the theories that dismiss digital arts for being facilitated by the capitalist system, this paper argues that a critical awareness on the dangers of new technologies does not necessarily lead to the condemnation of technological arts. Indeed, the evidence suggests that digital technologies are an excellent medium through which literature can voice a nuanced and critical consideration about the world in which it appears. The analysis focuses on Spanish-Argentinian writer Belén Gache’s transmedia project Kublai Moon (2013-2019) in order to demonstrate that hypothesis. Firstly, it is shown that the novel reflects on the compatibility between humans and machine, in its content as well as in its forms. Secondly, it is contended that the axiological judgments on literature must be based on updated criteria when it comes to evaluating digital works
Review of Lucia Dell’Aia (editor), Elsa Morante. Myth and literature (Ledizioni, 2021)
Full text linkReview of Lucia Dell’Aia (editor), Elsa Morante. Myth and literature (Ledizioni, 2021).Recensione di Lucia Dell’Aia (a cura di), Elsa Morante. Mito e letteratura (Ledizioni, 2021)
Averintsev and the Formalist Tradition: Remarks on the Concept of “Literary Evolution”
Full text linkSince the concept of “literary evolution” proposed by Yuri Tynyanov could not be applied to the late Soviet official literature, Sergei Averintsev using this concept examined the relationship between philosophy, sophistry, rhetorics and everyday consciousness in classical Greece. Tynyanov\u27s theory of “parallel series” turned out to be productive for the reconstruction of the tasks of the ancient philosopher and for the interpretation of Plato\u27s dialogues. According Averintsev, Plato acted within the sophistic field, creating irreducible terminology and untranslatable phrases as a moment of the entire further evolution of Western literature. Consideration of Russian formalism as the context of Averintsev\u27s thought proves his contribution to the discussion of Platonism as a tool for posing philosophical problems and of the perspective of philosophy in the postcolonial discussion.Since the concept of “literary evolution” proposed by Yuri Tynyanov could not be applied to the late Soviet official literature, Sergei Averintsev using this concept examined the relationship between philosophy, sophistry, rhetorics and everyday consciousness in classical Greece. Tynyanov’s theory of “parallel series” turned out to be productive for the reconstruction of the tasks of the ancient philosopher and for the interpretation of Plato’s dialogues. According to Averintsev, Plato acted within the sophistic field, creating irreducible terminology and untranslatable phrases as a moment of the entire further evolution of Western literature. Consideration of Russian formalism as the context of Averintsev’s thought proves his contribution to the discussion of Platonism as a tool for posing philosophical problems and of the perspective of philosophy in the postcolonial discussion
‘The province…But, indeed, that is Russia!’ : The Imagined Province in War and Revolution
Full text link‘The Imagined Province’ investigates the shifts in the ‘idea of the province’ in the period of world war and the Russian revolution and civil war. I argue that the mental and emotional valence of Russia’s map changed markedly over these nine years as regionalist and provincial pride came into literary culture, urging a fresh view of central Russia outside the capital cities. Though this change of perspective emerged in essays, stories, and poetry throughout Central Russia, this article focuses mainly on the Volga Region. Authors of many different political stripes contributed to this shift – among them, regionalists like Evgenii Chirikov and Nikolai Kliuev, pro-revolutionary socialists such as Maksim Gor’kii and Matvei Dudorov, and Bolsheviks like Aleksei Dorogoichenko and Fedor Bogorodskii. As the Bolsheviks regathered Russia, these provincial voices were overpowered by more prominent voices from the center. Nonetheless, they established a ‘usable history’ that remains a substrate of Russian culture even today, challenging the simplistic binary juxtaposing ‘capital’ and ‘province.’“The Imagined Province” investigates the shifts in what the “idea of the province” in the period of world war and the Russian revolution and civil war. I argue that the mental and emotional valence of Russia’s map changed markedly over these nine years as regionalist and provincial pride came into literary culture, urging a fresh view of central Russia outside the capital cities. This change of perspective emerges in essays, stories, and poetry throughout Central Russia, though this article focuses mainly on the Volga Region. Authors of many different political stripes contributed to this shift—among them, regionalists like Evgenii Chirikov and Nikolai Kliuev, pro-revolutionary socialists such as Maksim Gor’kii and Matvei Dudorov, and Bolsheviks like Aleksei Dorogoichenko and Fedor Bogorodskii. As the Bolsheviks regathered Russia, these provincial voices were overpowered by more prominent voices from the center. Nonetheless, they established a “usable history” that remains a substrate of Russian culture even today, challenging the simplistic binary juxtaposing “capital” and “province.
Fumettami una storia! Sul ruolo del ‘narratore’ in due adattamenti fumettistici de L’uomo della sabbia di E.T.A. Hoffmann
Full text linkIl presente contributo, suddiviso in due parti, vuole proporre alcune riflessioni sul ruolo del ‘narratore’ in due adattamenti fumettistici del famoso racconto L’uomo della sabbia di E.T.A. Hoffmann. Sulla scorta di alcune teorie a riguardo, una prima sezione indaga le proprietà narrative di questo medium, soffermandosi in particolare sull’istanza del narratore. Nella seconda parte, il focus è invece posto sul caso specifico dell’adattamento fumettistico di testi di prosa narrativa; nello specifico, attraverso l’analisi della resa in fumetto di alcuni passaggi del racconto hoffmanniano particolarmente interessanti da un punto di vista narratologico, verranno presentate alcune considerazioni sul ruolo dell’istanza narrante e sulla sua funzione all’interno delle due trasposizioni prese in esame, onde evidenziare le differenti possibilità espressivo-narrative del fumetto.This contribution, divided into two parts, aims to propose some reflections on the role of the ‘narrator’ in two comic adaptations of the famous short story The Sandman by E.T.A. Hoffmann. Following some theories on the subject, the first section investigates the narrative properties of this medium, specifically concentrating on the instance of the narrator. In the second part, the focus will be on the specific case of comic adaptations of narrative texts; specifically, through the analysis of the comics transposition of some passages of Hoffmann’s short story that are particularly interesting from a narratological point of view, some considerations will be presented on the role of the narrator and on its function within the two adaptations examined, in order to highlight the different expressive and narrative possibilities of comics
Усадьба, столица и провинция в романе Александра Потёмкина Человек отменя-ется (2007)
Full text linkThe article analyzes the novel of the modern Russian writer A. Potyomkin Man is canceled (2007), which received a wide public response. The main idea of the work is the need for a radical change of the “mass man” of the turn of the XX-XXI centuries at the psychosomatic level. The ideological and compositional center is the specially built Rimushkino estate in the Oryol province, where the serf spirit of the Russian Empire at the turn of the XVIII-XIX centuries is reproduced. To answer the question of why the estate space of Russia is becoming the most representative field for anthropological experiments of the beginning of the XXI century, we consider the estate neo-myths of the Silver Age (the lost paradise on earth) and the Soviet period (the camp hell living in the mentality), as well as the imperial-colonial concept of the postmodern era (the estate as a frontier in the process of class-oriented internal colonization of the country). The multidimensional semiotics of the estate sets a new relationship between “metropolitan” and “provincial” concerning the other loci of the novel.The article analyzes the novel of the modern Russian writer A. Potyomkin Man is canceled (2007), which received a wide public response. The main idea of the work is the need for a radical change of the ‘mass man’ of the turn of the XX-XXI centuries at the psychosomatic level. The ideological and compositional center is the specially built Rimushkino estate in the Oryol province, where the serf spirit of the Russian Empire at the turn of the XVIII-XIX centuries is reproduced. To answer the question of why the estate space of Russia is becoming the most representative field for anthropological experiments of the beginning of the XXI century, we consider the estate neo-myths of the Silver Age (the lost paradise on earth) and the Soviet period (the camp hell living in the mentality), as well as the imperial-colonial concept of the postmodern era (the estate as a frontier in the process of class-oriented internal colonization of the country). The multidimensional semiotics of the estate sets a new relationship between ‘metropolitan’ and ‘provincial’ concerning the other loci of the novel.The article analyzes the novel of the modern Russian writer A. Potyomkin Man is canceled (2007), which received a wide public response. The main idea of the work is the need for a radical change of the ‘mass man’ of the turn of the XX-XXI centuries at the psychosomatic level. The ideological and compositional center is the specially built Rimushkino estate in the Oryol province, where the serf spirit of the Russian Empire at the turn of the XVIII-XIX centuries is reproduced. To answer the question of why the estate space of Russia is becoming the most representative field for anthropological experiments of the beginning of the XXI century, we consider the estate neo-myths of the Silver Age (the lost paradise on earth) and the Soviet period (the camp hell living in the mentality), as well as the imperial-colonial concept of the postmodern era (the estate as a frontier in the process of class-oriented internal colonization of the country). The multidimensional semiotics of the estate sets a new relationship between ‘metropolitan’ and ‘provincial’ concerning the other loci of the novel
Recenti modelli di transnazionalismo nella cultura e letteratura contemporanee dal punto di vista comparatistico
Full text linkL’articolo propone una riflessione intorno alla categoria di “transnazionalismo”, di derivazione storica e sociologica, al fine di coglierne le opportunità di impiego nel campo della teoria della comparatistica letteraria. In particolare, sono chiamati in causa alcuni temi centrali della storia della disciplina, quali la “letteratura mondiale” e il “canone”, i quali alla luce della dimensione transnazionale – da non confondere con quella internazionale – si aprono a nuove declinazioni e ai mutati panorami letterari della contemporaneità.The article proposes a reflection on the category of “transnationalism,” of historical and sociological derivation, in order to grasp the opportunities of its use in the field of theory of literary comparatistics. In particular, some central themes of the history of the discipline, such as “world literature” and the “canon,” are called into question, which in the light of the transnational dimension—not to be confused with the international one—open up to new declinations and to the changed literary landscapes of contemporaneity