Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis
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ANALYSIS OF NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY AND CHLOROPHYLL-A CHARACTERISTICS IN THE BANDA SEA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS
Full text linkNet primary productivity (NPP) and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) are indicators of water productivity. In this study, an analysis of NPP and Chl-a characteristics in the Banda Sea was carried out using the Hovmöller diagram and Pearson’s correlation. The NPP data used comes from VGPM and Chl-a from Aqua MODIS satellite. The results of data analysis from January 2003-December 2020, NPP and Chl-a reached highest concentrations in dry season and lowest in wet season. For monthly data, the highest concentrations occurred in August and the lowest in April and December. The waters of the Banda Sea include mesotrophic waters with monthly average of NPP 429 mg C/m2/day and Chl-a 0.24 mg/m3. During La Niña and El Niño, there was a change (decrease/increase) the concentration of NPP and Chl-a in dry season and transition period II. NPP and Chl-a have a high correlation and a strong linear relationship. NPP and Chl-a have almost the same pattern/tendency temporally. The change of NPP concentration temporally corresponded to change of Chl-a concentration. Seasonal factors, La Niña and El Niño have a strong influence in influencing the variability of NPP and Chl-a concentrations. High productivity based on NPP and Chl-a didn’t affect for skipjack and tuna seasons (big pelagic), that occurs in wet season and transition period II. High productivity affects to flying fish season (small pelagic) that occurs in dry season
EFFECT OF TRIPSIN ADDITION ON CHARACTERISTICS OF RED TILAPIA SURIMI (Oreochromis niloticus)
Full text linkIkan nila memiliki daging yang berwarna putih sehingga sangat baik digunakan dalam pembuatan surimi. Dari segi tekstur surimi ikan nila memiliki tekstur daging yang agak padat yang menjadikan hasil akhir kamabokonya agak keras. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dilakukan penambahan enzim pada surimi ikan nila sehingga mendapatkan tekstur kamaboko lebih lembut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik surimi ikan nila merah dengan penambahan enzim tripsin yang diekstrak dari usus ikan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu rancangan percobaan sederhana dengan penambahan enzim tripsin 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% dan 4%. Parameter yang diamati yaitu analisis proksimat, protein larut garam (PLG), pH, derajat putih, particle size analysis (PSA), texture profile analysis (TPA), water holding capacity (WHC) dan analisis sensori. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, penambahan enzim tripsin mampu meningkatkan karakteristik dari surimi ikan nila merah. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari hasil parameter yang diukur yaitu pada chewiness, hardness, gummines, uji lipat dan uji gigit yang menunjukkan bahwa tekstur dari surimi ikan nila menjadi lebih baik serta lebih lembut.Tilapia has white flesh, so it is very good to use in making surimi. In terms of texture, tilapia surimi has a slightly dense meat texture which makes the final result of the kamaboko a bit tough. Therefore, it is necessary to add an enzyme to the tilapia surimi so that it gets a softer kamaboko texture. This study aims to analyze the surimi characteristics of red tilapia with the addition of trypsin enzyme extracted from fish intestines. The method used is a simple experimental design with the addition of trypsin enzyme 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%. The parameters observed were proximate analysis, salt-soluble protein (PLG), pH, whiteness, particle size analysis (PSA), texture profile analysis (TPA), water holding capacity (WHC) and sensory analysis. Based on the analysis results, the addition of trypsin enzyme can improve the characteristics of red tilapia surimi. This can be seen from the results of the measured parameters, namely the hardness, chewiness, gummines, folding test and bite test which show that the texture of tilapia surimi is better and softer
FEEDING HABITS AND FREQUENCY OF APPEARANCE OF WHALE SHARKS (Rhincodon typus) IN THE KWATISORE WATERS IN THE SEA TENURE OF AKUDIOMI VILLAGE LOCATED WITHIN CENDERAWASIH BAY NATIONAL PARK
Full text linkHiu paus (Rhincodon typus) adalah ikan terbesar di dunia yang sangat berpotensi dalam bidang wisata, namun potensi ancamannya juga tinggi jika tidak dikelola dengan baik. Perairan Kwatisore merupakan salah satu habitat hiu paus di Indonesia yang terlihat sering muncul. Hal tersebut menjadi fenomena yang unik karena hiu paus muncul setiap hari dan sepanjang tahun, sehingga berpeluang untuk pengembangan wisata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji karakteristik pola makan hiu paus dan agregasinya, terutama total jumlah kemunculan dan jumlah individu di perairan Kwatisore. Pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini berupa data primer dan dilakukan dari bulan Juli sampai September 2020. Metode pengambilan data dilakukan sekali setiap bulan (time series) melalui koleksi untuk mengkaji pola makan antar individu hiu paus dengan pengamatan secara langsung ketika hiu paus naik ke permukaan perairan dan berada di dalam bagan yang berjumlah 5 unit alat tangkap bagan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi 275 kemunculan hiu paus, yang terdiri dari 18 individu. Jumlah kemunculan dan jumlah individu hiu paus sangat tergantung pada hasil tangkapan ikan teri oleh setiap unit alat tangkap bagan. Kemunculan hiu paus berada dalam petuanan hak ulayat laut Kampung Akudiomi. Kemunculan hiu paus dominan terjadi pada pagi hari dan persentase kemunculan 100% berjenis kelamin jantan dengan ukuran panjang total berkisar antara 3 hingga 7,5 m.Whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) are the largest fish in the world with high tourist potential, as well as a relatively high threat of extinction if not managed properly. The Kwatisore Waters are one of the habitats of whale sharks in Indonesia that are seen from the frequent appearance of whale sharks and become a unique phenomenon that is every day of the year, so the area has opportunities for tourism development. The study aimed to examine the dietary characteristics of whale sharks and their aggregations, in particular the total number of occurrences and the number of individual whale sharks in the Kwatisore Waters. Data collection in this study using primary data. The study was conducted from July to September 2020. The method of data collection is carried out once every month (time series) through the collection to review the diet between individual whale sharks is done by observing directly when whale sharks rise to the surface of the water and are in a chart that amounts to 5 units of fishing equipment. The results showed that there were 275 whale sharks appearances, consisting of 18 individuals, the number of occurrences and the number of individual whale sharks depended heavily on the catch of anchovies by each fishing equipment. The appearance of whale sharks within the Sea Tenure of Akudiomi Village. The appearance of the dominant whale sharks occurs in the morning and the percentage of appearance is 100% male with a total length size ranging from 3 to 7.5 meters
GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND WATER QUALITY ON LOBSTER Panulirus homarus REARED BY RECIRCULATION SYSTEM
Full text linkKetersediaan benih yang berukuran sama pada budidaya lobster pasir Panulirus homarus menjadi salah satu kendala. Pendederan dengan sistem resirkulasi merupakan teknologi alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk menyeragamkan ukuran benih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi performa pertumbuhan dan kualitas air pada lobster P. homarus yang dipelihara dengan menggunakan sistem resirkulasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan 4 perlakuan dan 2 ulangan yakni bak kontrol (K) menggunakan sistem flow trough, bak perlakuan (SK) dilengkapi skimmer, bak perlakuan (F) dilengkapi dengan trickle filter, bak perlakuan (SKF) dilengkapi kombinasi skimmer dan trickle filter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju pertumbuhan harian (LPH) dan FCR tidak berbeda nyata pada semua perlakuan (P>0,05). Bobot tertinggi diperoleh dari kontrol 1,09 g dan panjang tertinggi pada perlakuan SK yakni 3,58±0,09 cm. Suhu relatif stabil pada 25,6-27,1oC, DO 4,6–6,3 mg/L, salinitas 33,4–37,4 ppt, TDS 33,5-36,9 mg/L, pH 7,6-7,9, kadar nitrit (NO2) berkisar antara 0,03–4,1 mg/L. Nilai nitrat (NO3) selama penelitian berkisar antara 0,9–15,5 mg/L. Nilai amonia (NH3) selama penelitian berkisar antara 0,001–0,049 mg/L. Sistem filtrasi (skimmer dan trickle filter) mampu menyediakan kualitas air yang optimal untuk pertumbuhan lobster pasir.One of obstacles in cultivation of lobster Panulirus homarus is availability of lobster seeds in same size. Nursery with a recirculation system is an alternative technology that can be used to make seed in same size. The aim of this study to evaluate the growth performance and water quality of lobster P. homarus reared by using a recirculation system. Research design consisted of 4 treatments and 2 repetation, namely control tank (K) using a flow trough system, treatment tank (SK) equipped with a skimmer, treatment tank (F) equipped with a trickle filter, treatment tank (SKF) equipped with a skimmer and trickle filter. The results showed that the daily growth rate (LPH) and FCR were not significantly different in all treatments (P>0.05). The highest weight was obtained from the control 1.09 g and the highest length in treatment SK was 3.58±0.09 cm. Temperature was relatively stable at 25.6–27.1oC, DO 4.6–6.3 mg/L, salinity 33.4-37.4 ppt, TDS 33.5–36.9 mg/L, pH 7.6–7.9, nitrite (NO2) levels ranged from 0.03 to 4.1 mg/L. The value of nitrate (NO3) during study ranged from 0.9 to 15.5 mg/L. The value of ammonia (NH3) ranged from 0.001 to 0.049 mg/L. Filtration system (skimmer and trickle filter) treatment was able to provide optimal water quality for lobster growth
MEASUREMENT ABUNDANCE AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF ZOOPLANKTON USING SCIENTIFIC ECHOSOUNDER IN NORTH PENINSULA BANYUASIN COASTAL, SOUTH SUMATERA
Full text linkPerairan Semenanjung Utara Pesisir Banyuasin merupakan daerah yang berbatasan langsung dengan Selat Bangka dan Taman Nasional Sembilang serta memiliki beberapa aktivitas seperti pemukiman, perikanan maupun pelabuhan dan adanya pengaruh perubahan terhadap pertumbuhan maupun kelimpahan dari populasi zooplankton. Zooplankton memiliki peranan penting di perairan, sebagai indikator dan sistem jaring makanan yang dapat berpengaruh bagi organisme tingkat trofik tinggi lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelimpahan dan sebaran spasial zooplankton di perairan Semenanjung Utara Pesisir Banyuasin menggunakan metode hidroakustik. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2020 menggunakan instrumen single beam echosounder SIMRAD EK-15 di perairan Semenanjung Utara Pesisir Banyuasin. Nilai kelimpahan zooplankton didapatkan dari hasil perekaman data akustik berupa nilai Volume Backscattering strength (SV) dan nilai Target Strength (TS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan kelimpahan antara waktu pengamatan dan strata kedalaman perairan. Frekuensi kelimpahan zooplankton pada siang hari dominan dari 1000-1500 ind/m3 dengan nilai maksimum yaitu 3595 ind/m3 dan pada malam hari 400-800 ind/m3 dengan nilai kelimpahan zooplankton tertinggi yaitu 2213 ind/m3. Sebaran spasial kelimpahan zooplankton cenderung berkelompok sesuai dengan tingkah laku dari zooplankton tersebut dan adanya faktor arus yang berpotensi menentukan jalur pergerakan dari zooplankton di perairan.The waters of the Banyuasin north Peninsula are areas that are directly adjacent the Bangka Strait and Sembilang National Park and have several activities such as settlements, fisheries and ports that can affect the growth and abundance of the zooplankton population. Zooplankton has an important role in waters, as an indicator and a food web system that can affect other high trophic level organisms. This study aims to determine the abundance and spatial distribution of zooplankton in the waters of the northern peninsula of Banyuasin using the hydroacoustic method. The study was carried out in October 2020 using the SIMRAD EK-15 single beam echosounder instrument in the waters of the northern peninsula of Banyuasin. The abundance value of zooplankton was obtained from the recording of acoustic data in the form of Volume Backscattering Strength (SV) and Target Strength (TS) values. The results showed differences in abundance between the time of observation and the water depth strata. The amount of zooplankton abundance during the day is dominant from 1000-1500 ind/m3 with a maximum value of 3595 ind/m3 and at night 400-800 ind/m3 with the highest zooplankton abundance value is 2213 ind/m3. The spatial distribution of zooplankton abundance tends to group according to the behavior of the zooplankton and the presence of current factors that have the potential to determine the path of movement of zooplankton in the waters.
 
IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL MARINE MICROALGAES AS BIODIESEL RAW MATERIALS IN BANDA SAKTI DISTRICT, LHOKSEUMAWE CITY
Full text linkBanyak penelitian yang telah dilakukan untuk menemukan potensi sumber energi alternatif dari bahan-bahan yang dapat diperbarui dan ramah lingkungan akibat dari menipisnya sumber energi fosil. Salah satu upaya dalam meningkatkan kemandirian energi adalah dengan menyiapkan bahan bakar alternatif potensial yang berasal dari mikroalga. Kecamatan Banda Sakti memiliki potensi sumberdaya pesisir dan lautan yang belum banyak dikaji, salah satunya adalah mikroalga. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui jenis mikroalga yang berpotensi sebagai bahan baku biodiesel di Kecamatan Banda Sakti Kota Lhokseumawe. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober – November 2021 di Perairan Laut Kecamatan Banda Sakti, Kota Lhokseumawe dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Ditemukan sebanyak 143 jenis mikroalga dan ditemukan 4 jenis mikroalga yang telah dikembangkan sebagai bahan biodiesel yaitu Cholera sp., Spirulina sp., Nitzschia sp., dan Chaetoceros sp. Jenis mikroalga yang paling melimpah yaitu Raphidonema sp., jenis ini perlu diteliti lebih lanjut untuk melihat potensi sebagai bahan baku biodiesel. Kelimpahan total mikroalga berkisar antara 350,00–561,11 ind/L. Nilai parameter kualitas perairan masih dalam kondisi baik untuk kehidupan mikroalga. Perairan laut Kecamatan Banda Sakti, Kota Lhokseumawe memiliki potensi mikroalga untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan baku biodiesel.Many studies have been carried out to find potential alternative energy sources from renewable and environmentally friendly materials due to the depletion of fossil energy sources. One of the efforts to increase energy independence is to prepare potential alternative fuels derived from microalgae. Banda Sakti District has the potential of coastal and marine resources that have not been studied much, one of which is microalgae. The purpose of this study was to determine the type of microlaga that has the potential as raw material for biodiesel in Banda Sakti District, Lhokseumawe City. The research was carried out in October – November 2021 in the Sea Waters of Banda Sakti District, Lhokseumawe City using purposive sampling method. Found as many as 143 types of microalgae and found 4 types of microalgae that have been developed as biodiesel material, namely Cholera sp., Spirulina sp., Nitzschia sp., and Chaetoceros sp.. The most abundant type of microalgae is Raphidonema sp., this species needs to be investigated further to see its potential as a biodiesel feedstock. The total abundance of microalgae ranged from 350.00–561.11 ind/L. The water quality parameter values are still in good condition for microalgae life. The marine waters of Banda Sakti District, Lhokseumawe City have the potential for microalgae to be developed as biodiesel feedstock
ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS (Pb, Cd, Hg) IN CORAL Acropora aspera AT POMALAA WATERS SOUTHEAST SULAWESI
Full text linkKarang merupakan salah satu organisme yang sensitif terhadap perubahan fisik dan kimia lingkungan laut. Terumbu karang di perairan Pomalaa mulai terancam karena adanya pertambangan Nikel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kualitas perairan terhadap terumbu karang, dan tingkat akumulasi logam berat (Pb, Cd, dan Hg) di perairan dan pada karang (Acropora aspera) di perairan Pomalaa. Sampel diambil pada 4 stasiun dengan parameter yang diukur adalah suhu, oksigen terlarut, pH, salinitas, kecerahan perairan, kecepatan arus, nitrat dan fosfat. Sampel air laut pada setiap stasiun diambil menggunakan botol sampel berukuran 500 ml dan ditambahkan HNO3 sebanyak 5 ml. Sampel karang diambil pada kedalaman 5-10 m sebesar 3-5 cm, kemudian dipreparasi dan dianalisis menggunakan metode Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi logam di air dan karang memiliki nilai yang berbeda. Akumulasi logam berat pada sampel air melebihi ambang batas baku mutu air laut untuk biota laut. Akumulasi logam berat pada kerangka karang memiliki konsentrasi yang berbeda untuk setiap jenis logam. Konsentrasi logam Pb yang terakumulasi pada karang berkisar antara 1,20-28,40 mg/kg. Konsentrasi logam Cd berkisar antara 12,06-18,53 mg/kg, sedangkan konsentrasi logam Hg yang terakumulasi berkisar antara 0,03-1,70 mg/kg. Konsentrasi logam yang terakumulasi pada karang lebih besar dari pada di air. Karang memiliki kecenderungan tinggi dalam mengakumulasi logam sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai bioindikator dalam melihat tingkat pencemaran perairan.Corals are one of the organisms that are sensitive to physical and chemical changes in the marine environment. Coral reefs in Pomalaa waters are starting to be threatened because of the nickel mining. This study aims to examine the water quality of coral reefs, and the level of accumulation of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and Hg) in the waters and on coral (Acropora aspera) in Pomalaa waters. Samples were taken at 4 stations with the parameters measured were temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, water clarity, current velocity, nitrate and phosphate. Seawater samples at each station were taken using a 500 ml sample bottle and 5 ml of HNO3 was added. Coral samples were taken at a depth of 5-10 m at 3-5 cm then prepared and analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer Method. The results showed that the heavy metals concentrations in water and coral had different concentrations. Accumulation of heavy metals in water samples exceeds the threshold for sea water quality standards for marine biota. Accumulation of heavy metals in coral skeletons has different concentrations for each type of metal. Concentration of Pb in corals ranged from 1.20 to 28.40 mg/kg. Concentrations Cd from 12.06 to 18.53 mg/kg, while the Hg concentration from 0.03 to 1.70 mg/kg. Concentration of metals accumulated in corals is greater than in seawater. Corals have a high tendency to accumulate metals, so they can be used as bioindicators to see the level of pollution in marine waters
ANALYSIS OF SEAWEED (Kappaphycus alvarezii) FARMING AREA BASED SUITABILITY AND CARRYING CAPACITY INDICATOR IN THE COASTAL OF BAUBAU CITY
Full text linkKappaphycus alvarezii merupakan salah satu spesies rumput laut yang mayoritas dikembangkan di kawasan pesisir dan memiliki nilai ekonomis yang cukup tinggi. Upaya dalam mengembangkan kawasan budidaya rumput laut membutuhkan pendekatan yang memperhatikan indikator kesesuaian dan daya dukung untuk menjamin keberlanjutan produksi rumput laut jenis tersebut di masa depan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kawasan budidaya rumput laut jenis K. alvarezii berdasarkan analisis kesesuaian dan daya dukung perairan dengan pendekatan konsentrasi nitrat (NO3-). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Pesisir Kota Baubau, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara pada bulan Februari–Maret 2020. Data parameter fisik dan kimia perairan dikumpulkan secara langsung di lokasi penelitian, sementara satuan konsentrasi nitrat yang mampu diserap rumput laut diperoleh dari data sekunder yang tersedia. Data parameter lingkungan diolah dengan metode weight sum overlay pada aplikasi image processing dan dilanjutkan dengan analisis daya dukung berdasarkan konsentrasi nitrat. Hasil analisis kesesuaian perairan diperoleh mencapai 3240,6 ha. Kategori sangat sesuai seluas 920,58 ha dan kategori sesuai 2320 ha. Daya dukung berdasarkan konsentrasi nitrat yang dapat ditampung oleh perairan adalah 0,497 kg-N/hari dengan total jumlah rumput laut yang dapat dibudidayakan dalam satu tahun adalah 7317,90 ton. Berdasarkan angka tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar Pesisir Kota Baubau potensial untuk dijadikan sebagai kawasan pengembangan budidaya rumput laut dengan jumlah produksi yang tinggi.Kappaphycus alvarezii is one of the seaweed species which is mostly developed in coastal areas and has a highly economic value. Development areas that pay attention to the suitability and carrying capacity indicators of the waters is an effort that can be done to ensure the sustainability of this species production in the future. This study aims to analyze the development area of seaweed farming based on the suitability and carrying capacity indicators. This study was conducted in the coastal of Baubau City, Southeast Sulawesi Province, from February to March 2020. Data on physical and chemical parameters of the waters were collected directly at the research site to determine suitability categories, while the concentration of nitrate (NO3-) that can be uptake by seaweed is obtained from available secondary data. Environmental parameter data was processed using software image processing with weight sum overlay method and continued with carrying capacity analysis based on the nitrate absorption of seaweed. The results of the analysis suitability category obtained reached 3114.9 ha, with the most suitable category covering 1033.3 ha and the suitable category 2081.6 ha. The carrying capacity of the nitrate concentration that can be accommodated by the waters is 0.497 kg-N/day, with the total amount of seaweed that can be cultivated is 7317.90 tons. Most of the coastal waters area of Baubau City has the potential to be utilized as a seaweed aquaculture development area with a high amount of production.
 
