Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis
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THE GROWTH AND SURVIVAL STUDY OF PEARL OYSTER SEEDS (Pinctada maxima) BASED ON THE DIFFERENCE DEPTH LEVELS IN KAPO NTORI BAY, BUTON ISLAND
Full text linkExtreme change in sea surface temperature that might be influenced by global warming has negative impact on the pearl shell farming in Kapontori Bay.This change occurred above tolerance threshold for pearl shell juvenile survival at 3-4 cm shell wide that caused its mortality.The study was conducted from 28 February to 28 May 2008 at the Kapontory Bay,Buton island. The research aimed to identify growth and survival of pearl oyster seeds(Pinctada maxima) on differences of depth level.This research is important especially for pearl farming development in Southeast Sulawesi waters,as a reference basis in an effort to improve seedling survival of pearl oysters that are highly vulnerable to extremechange in temperature conditions. The variance analyses showed that the depth levels did not significantly affect the survival rates of the pearl oyster seeds (P>0,05). However, based on depth levels,higher survival rates (96.67%)were found on the depth of 2 m.Some environmental parameters in relation to the growth and survival rate of pearl oyster seed were discussed in this paper. Keywords:Depth levels,survival rate, growth, pearl shell, Kapontori Ba
INTERPOLATOR IN BATHYMETRIC MAP CONTOURING
No full textA digital bathymetric model may be produced after sounding point interpolated by using specific methods. There are three common interpolation methods used recently: inverse distance to power, kriging and minimum curvature. This study applied two scenarios of data processing to compare those three methods on producing bathymetric contours. Numeric validation was performed on the three different gridding methods. The result of this study showed that kriging method was spatially more effective in interpolating water depth than that of the other two.Keywords: interpolation, kriging, inverse distance to power, minimum curvature, bathymetr
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT FROM UNIDENTIFIED SPONGE ASSOCIATED BACTERIA IN LEMUKUTAN ISLAND, KALIMANTAN BARAT
Full text linkThe increase of issues on the antibiotics resistant pathogenic bacteria has triggered high exploration for new antimicrobial compounds. One of the potential sources is sponge-associated bacteria. The aim of this study was to get sponge-associated bacteria extract containing antimicrobial activities. On the basis screening of antimicrobial activity using by streaking on agar medium, there were two potential isolates with antimicrobial activities namely LCS1 and LCS2. The two isolates were cultivated,then secondary metabolite product were extracted using methanol as a solvent. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of extract LCS 1 were 1,000 μg/well for S. aureus, 950 μg/well for Salmonella sp.and 800 μg/well for Bacillus subtilis. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of extract LCS 2 were 500 μg/well for S. aureus, 1,050 μg/well for Salmonella sp., 750 μg/well for Bacillus subtilis, 350 μg/well for P. aeruginosa, 750 μg/sumur terhadap B. subtilis. Based on the MIC values, the two assay extracts have a relatively low antimicrobial activity. Keywords:Antimicrobial,Sponges associated bacteria,MIC
QUANTIFICATION OF TUNA FISH TARGET STRENGTH USING QUANTITATIVE ECHO SOUNDER
Full text linkA preliminary research programme was carried out in order to study the acoustic wave reflection or target strength (TS) of tuna fish using a quantitative echo sounder (QES). The relationships between TS to fork length (FL) and swimbladder volume, for bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) and yellowfin tuna (T. albacares) are investigated. The TS of bigeye tuna was about 3 dB higher than yellowfin tuna when comparing species at the same size. The result can be correlated to the swimbladder volume differencebetween species. The relationship between TS and swimbladder volume was quantified for both species.Keywords: tuna fish, target strength, quantitative echo sounde
ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES IN THE COASTAL SEDIMENT OF CITARUM ESTUARY, JAKARTA BAY: THE IMP ORTANT ROLE OF FINE FRACTION OF THE SEDIMENT AS THEIR AGENT TRANSPORT AND PROCESSES OF THEIR EARLY DIAGENESIS
Full text linkDDT (1,1,1-Tricholor-2,2-bis(chlorophenil)ethane) and its two derivatives, DDD (1,1-Dicholor-2,2-bis(chlorophenil)ethane) and DDE (1,1-Tricholor-2,2-bis(chlorophenil)-ethylene) were identified in the coastal sediment of Citarum Estuary, Jakarta Bay.Eight stations of the sediment sampling were designed in order to obtain the changing of their concentration sadjacent to the estuary as possible input. Sediment samples were collected in the surface layer within a less than 5 cm depth. In addition to pesticides, texture of sediment and total organic carbon were analyzed. Generally, fine fractions (silt and clay) were predominant grain-size of the sediment ranging 21–35,8 % and 17,6–65,6 %, respectively, while total organic carbon (TOC) ranged from 0,30–1,49 %. Concentrations of p’,p’-DDT varied from 0,621–1,187ppb, concentrations of p’,p’-DDD ranged from 0,176–2,153 ppb and concentrations of p’,p’-DDE were from 0.181–2,254 ppb. The occurrence of total DDT (ΣDDT+DDD+DDE) tended to correlated positively to the fine fraction indicating as transport agent. DDD and DDE as DDT metabolites were formed by biological and chemical processes within predominantly aerobic condition. Keywords: pesticide, DDT, DDD, DDE, sediment, transport agent, Citarum, Jakarta Bay
CHLOROPHYLL SPECIFIC ABSORPTION COEFFICIENTS AND THE IMPACT OF PHYTOPLANKTON TAXONOMIC GROUP OF SURFACE WATERS IN THE NORTHEASTERN GULF OF MEXICO
Full text linkThe chlorophyll-specific absorption coefficient at 440 nm (a*ph(440)) of surface water in the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico varied by a factor of 7 (0.02-0.15 m2 mg-1) with the of chlorophyll-a concentration of 0.06-12.25 mg m-3. In general, lower values of a*ph(440) (<0.06 m2 mg-1) were observed in the inshore particularly in the major river mouths. During summer, lower values of a*ph(440) were also observed offshore associated with low-salinity waters of the Mississippi River plume. Higher values of a*ph(440) (>0.1 m2 mg-1) were otherwise observed outside the river plumes in the outershelf and slope, where lower chlorophyll-a concentration occurred. Based on phytoplankton taxonomic groups, the average value of a*ph(440), of microphytoplankton group was significantly lower than that of nanophytoplankton and picophytoplantkon groups, suggesting that an increase in cell optical size (pigment packaging) resulted in decreasing a*ph(440) values. The relationship between a*ph(440) and chlorophyll-a concentration was also not linear, indicating pigment composition played an important role in determining a*ph(440) variability.Keywords: chlorophyll-specific absorption coefficient, microphytoplankton, nanophytoplankton,picophytoplankton, Gulf of Mexico, pigment, packaging effec
THE MANGROVE OYSTER ( Crassostrea sp ) EFFECTIVENES S IN REDUCING CU IN THE POND WATER OF BLACK TIGER SHRIMP (Panaeus monodon)
Full text linkStudy of the mangrove oyster (Crassostrea sp) to reduce heavy metal (Cu) concentration on shrimp pond water and the black tiger shrimp’s (Penaeus monodon) body was conducted during ten days. Variable used in this research was the efficiency level of mangrove oyster as a treatment in the Cu contaminated waters to reduce the level of the Cu concentration. Survival and specific growth rate of shrimp were also observed and measured. Histological condition of the fish especially gills was also observed to determine the level of dama ge caused by Cu. The results showed that oysters (Crassostrea sp) were a proper type of organisms used as bio-treatment in reducing Cu not only in the shrimp pond water but also in the body of the shrimp.Oysters we re able to reduce heavy metals Cu concent ration up to 78% level to the normal level of heavy metal Cu for black tiger shrimp. Keywords: Mangrove Oyster, Shrimp, Efficiency Level, Coppe