Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis
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THE IMPACT OF MOLASE TO INCREASED QUALITY OF MILKFISH Chanos chanos Forskal SEED PRODUCTION IN SMALL SCALE HATCHERIES AT NORT BALI
Get PDFTidak stabilnya kualitas benih ikan bandeng produk Hatchery Skala Rumah Tangga (HSRT) di Bali Utara berdampak langsung terhadap produksi budidaya yang terus menurun. Mengantisipasi hal tersebut telah dilakukan perbaikan manajemen dalam proses produksi benih. Penelitian ini dilakukan di lima unit HSRT masing-masing menggunakan 3 unit bak beton berkapasitas 6 m3 yang berada di luar ruangan (outdoor). Setiap bak diisi telur bandeng dengan kepadatan 100.000 butir/bak. Penelitian diulang sebanyak 3 siklus, dengan metode pemeliharaan larva berdasar pada SOP dan CPIB Desinfeksi telur menggunakan iodin 50 ppm selama 20 menit. Tetes tebu (molase) sebanyak 2 ppm, ditambahkan ke-dalam media pemeliharaan larva sebagai stimulan dan diberikan mulai hari ke-dua (D-2) sampai menjelang panen (D16-D18). Pemberian pakan alami dan pakan buatan disesuaikan dengan perkembangan umur larva. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelangsungan hidup benih di HSRT berkisar 82,57-92,04% dengan kisaran panjang total benih setiap siklus 11,96-13,56 mm. Hasil panen setiap bak mencapai 68.444-79.444 ekor, jauh lebih baik daripada produksi sebelumnya yang berkisar 35.750-42.900 ekor/bak, dengan kelangsungan hidup 61,54-63,57%, dan ukuran panjang total bervariasi 10-11,8 mm serta kondisi tulang belakang masih berbentuk tulang rawan. Berdasarkan pertumbuhan, kelangsungan hidup, performa morfologi benih dan kondisi tulang belakang, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan molase berdampak positif terhadap lingkungan pemeliharaan larva bandeng di HSRT dan mampu menghasilkan benih berkualitas baik sehingga dapat mendukung peningkatan produksi budidaya.An unstable quality of milkfish seed (Chanos chanos) produced by small scale hatcheries at North Bali, leads to a decrease in aquaculture production. To anticipate, improving management for the seed production process had been conducted. The research was carried out in five hatcheries units, using three outdoor concrete tanks (6 m3). Each tank was filled with a density of 100,000 eggs. The research was repeated in three cycles. Larvae were reared by the rearing standard procedures. Before rearing, the eggs were disinfected using 50 ppm of iodine for 20 minutes. The rearing water was added with 2 ppm of molasses as a stimulant, started on D2 (2 days after hatching) until harvested on D16-18. The results showed that the range of survival rate of larvae on each hatchery was 82.57-92.04 % with total lengths of 11.96-13.56 mm. Each tank produced milkfish seeds from 68,444 – 79,444 pcs. These results were improved, which produced only 35,750 – 42,900 pcs/tank, low survival rate 61.54 - 63.57%, with the total length varied from 10 to 11.8 mm, and the bone condition was still fully cartilage. Growth rate, survival rate, seed performance and condition of the vertebrae resulted from this research showed that molasse can be used to improve larval rearing media in small scale hatcheries and may produce high-quality milkfish seed, resulting in the rise in aquaculture production. 
ISOLATION AND SCREENING OF PROTEASE, CELLULOSE, AND AMYLASE ENZYME SECRETION BACTERIA FROM SEDIMENT AND GUT OF SEA CUCUMBER Holothuria atra
Get PDFTeripang hitam Holothuria atra yang memiliki nilai potensial sebagai bahan baku pada industri farmasi telah dibudidayakan di Balai Bio Industri Laut – LIPI sejak tahun 2016. Infeksi penyakit dan penurunan sintasan hidup menjadi salah satu kendala dalam kegiatan budidaya teripang jenis ini terutama pada saat pemeliharaan induk. Salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi hal tersebut adalah penggunaan bakteri probiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan isolasi dan seleksi bakteri yang menghasilkan enzim protease, selulase, dan amilase sebagai kandidat bakteri probiotik pada sedimen dan saluran pencernaan teripang H. atra. Penumbuhan bakteri dari sedimen dan saluran pencernaan pada media selektif yang ditambahkan substrat selulosa, pati, dan kasein dilakukan untuk melihat potensi bakteri yang mampu menghasilkan enzim selulase, amilase, dan protease melalui proses hidrolisis. Dua isolat bakteri yang memiliki aktivitas enzim selulase dan amilase tertinggi telah diperoleh, yaitu isolat SSe9 dengan indeks Hydrolysis Capacity 7 mm dan isolat SAm6 dengan indeks Hydrolysis Capacity 6,6 mm. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kedua isolat bakteri tersebut berpotensi untuk dapat dikembangkan lebih lanjut menjadi bakteri probiotik.Sea cucumber Holothuria atra has potential value as raw material for pharmacy industry that has been cultivated in Research Development Division for Marine Bio Industry – Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) since 2016. Disease infections and decreased survival rate are one of the obstacles in in this type of sea cucumber cultivation activities especially during broodstock management. One effort to overcome this is the use of probiotic bacteria. This research aims to isolate and select bacteria that produce protease, cellulase, and amylase enzymes as candidates for probiotic bacteria in the sediment and digestive tract of sea cucumber H. atra. The growth of bacteria from sediments and digestive tract on selective media which added cellulose, starch, and casein substrates was carried out to see the potential of bacteria capable of producing cellulase, amylase, and protease enzymes through the hydrolysis process. The two bacterial isolates that had the highest cellulase and amylase enzyme activity were obtained, namely SSe9 isolates with Hydrolysis Capacity 7 mm index and SAm6 isolates with hydrolysis index Capacity 6.6 mm. These results indicate that the two bacterial isolates have the potential to be further developed into probiotic bacteria
MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTER AND MORPHOLOGY OF ABALONE Haliotis squamata REEVE 1864 IN COASTAL SOUTHERN JAVA AND BALI
Get PDFThe standard of measurement of abalone is very important because it can help to identify accurately abalone shellfish based on shell morphology. This research was aimed to examine the truss morphometric and morphologycal characters of Haliotis squamata intraspecies in the southern coastal Java and Bali. The research was conducted from December 2014 to August 2016. Abalone was collected based on the purposive sampling method, it was then identified. The shellfish of abalone was measured and analyzed by using principal component analysis (PCA), canonical discriminant analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that PCA was able to separate Haliotis squamata populations from Java and Bali using combination of PCIII and PCIV based on the factor coefficient values. The key characters that separated Haliotis squamata from the population of Java and Bali were the combination of characters BF (0.535) for PCIII and characters CH (0.522) for PCIV. Canonical discriminant analysis showed that Bali was the highest sharing component value (100%) of intra population and also the lowest sharing component of inter population (0%). The highest percentage of similarity was 99.91% that indicated the population of Binuangeun and Pangandaran, while the lowest was 99.31% for the population of Banyuwangi and Bali. The morphological characteristics of Haliotis squamata species in several locations showed specific characters such as color patterns, textures and shapes.Standar pengukuran dalam identifikasi abalon sangat penting dilakukan untuk membantu identifikasi abalon berdasarkan morfologi cangkang secara akurat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji karakteristik truss morfometrik dan morfologi intraspesies Haliotis squamata di Perairan Selatan Jawa dan Bali. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2014 sampai Agustus 2016. Koleksi sampel dilakukan berdasarkan metode purposive sampling, selanjutnya sampel diidentifikasi. Cangkang abalon diukur dan kemudian kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis Principal Component Analysis (PCA), analisis kanonikal diskriminan dan analisis cluster. Hasil PCA menunjukkan bahwa pemisahan populasi Haliotis squamata asal Jawa dan Bali berdasarkan kombinasi PCIII dan PCIV dengan nilai koefisien faktor. Karakter utama yang memisahkan Haliotis squamata dari populasi Jawa dan Bali adalah kombinasi karakter BF (0,535) untuk PCIII dan karakter CH (0,522) untuk PCIV. Analisis kanonikal diskriminan menunjukkan bahwa Bali memiliki nilai sharing component yang tertinggi (100%) untuk intrapopulasi dan juga nilai sharing component terendah (0%) untuk interpopulasi. Persentase similaritas tertinggi adalah 99,91% untuk populasi asal Binuangeun dan Pangandaran, sedangkan yang terendah adalah 99,31% untuk populasi Banyuwangi dan Bali. Karakteristik morfologi spesies Haliotis squamata pada beberapa lokasi menunjukkan ciri khas tertentu seperti pola warna, tekstur dan corak
THE EFFECT OF OCEANOGRAPHIC FACTORS ON SKIPJACK TUNA FAD VS FREE SCHOOL CATCH IN THE BONE BAY, INDONESIA: AN IMPORTANT STEP TOWARD FISHING MANAGEMENT
Get PDFThe aims of this study were to compare skipjack catch between FAD and free school fishing grounds and to describe the effect of the oceanographic factors on either skipjack tuna Fish Aggregating Device (FAD) or free school. We used a field survey method for collecting the skipjack catch and the fishing positions for both near FAD and free school areas. Remotely sensed satellite data of sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a) were also used to extract the oceanographic data corresponding with both the fishing locations. To find out the vital oceanographic factors, we examined the characteristics of the oceanographic variables and skipjack catch using t-test. Results indicated that the fishing operations of skipjack tuna at FAD tended to locate areas of relatively higher Chl-a than at free school locations. We also found that skipjack tuna catch was higher near the FAD than the other area, where the Chl-a was the most significant factor that affected the difference. This study suggests that the number of skipjack tuna FAD in the coastal waters of Bone Bay should be calculated accurately to ensure and support the tuna fishing management in that study area
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS HUTAN MANGROVE PADA KAWASAN MEMPAWAH MANGROVE PARK DI DESA PASIR MEMPAWAH HILIR
Get PDFABSTRAKMangrove pada kawasan Mempawah Mangrove Park (MMP) telah memberikan dampak positif bagi masyarakat dan lingkungan baik secara ekonomi maupun ekologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keunggulan vegetasi mangrove pada kawasan MMP, hal ini dilakukan karena kurangnya data informasi tentang mangrove pada kawasan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dan observasi yang terdiri dari identifikasi dan pengukuran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai INP pada kawasan MMP sebesar 300% yang terdiri dari Avicennia marina 182,65%, Avicennia officinalis 34,72%, Rhizophora mucronata 54,93%, Nypa fruticans 22,85%, dan Terminalia catappa 4,85%. Tingkat kerapatan mangrove pada kawasan MMP masuk dalam kategori sedang dengan nilai 1093 pohon/ha. Indeks kesesuaian kawasan wisata pada kawasan MMP sebesar 81,82% atau masuk dalam kategori “Sesuai (S2)”, yang meliputi tutupan/ketebalan mangrove, kerapatan, obyek biota dan pasang surut. Nilai INP dan nilai tingkat kesesuaian kawasan menunjukkan bahwa struktur hutan mangrove pada kawasan MMP dalam kondisi baik dan dapat dikembangkan menjadi obyek wisata mangrove. ABSTRACTMangroves in Mempawah Mangrove Park (MMP) area have had a positive impact on society and the environment both economically and ecologically. This study aims to determine superiority of mangrove vegetation in the MMP area, this is done because lack of data information about mangroves. This research used survey and observation methods which consist of identification and measurement. The results showed INP value is 300% consisting of Avicennia marina 182.65%, Avicennia officinalis 34.72%, Rhizophora mucronata 54.93%, Nypa fruticans 22.85%, and Terminalia catappa 4.85% . Density of mangroves in the MMP area falls into the medium category with a value of 1093 trees / ha. The index of tourist areas in the MMP region was 81.82% or included in the category of "Suitability (S2)". Which includes the cover / thickness of mangrove, density, objects of biota and tides. INP value and level of suitability indicate the structure of mangrove forest in MMP area is good condition and can be developed into a mangrove tourism object
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF MOLLUSCS AT SEAGRASS BEDS IN BELITUNG ISLAND WATERS, BANGKA BELITUNG PROVINCE
Get PDFPulau Belitung memiliki banyak pulau-pulau kecil dengan tutupan lamun yang cukup bervariasi, tempat berbagai jenis moluska hidup, namun keanekaragaman moluska di perairan ini belum banyak diketahui. Penelitian di Pulau Kelayang (stasiun BLTS01), Pulau Kepayang (stasiun BLTS02), Pulau Mendanau (stasiun BLTS03), Pulau Sekutai (BLTS04), Pulau Sebongkok (stasiun BLTS05), Pulau Ruk (stasiun BLTS06) dan Pulau Kalimambang (stasiun BLTS07), telah dilakukan pada tanggal 29 Agustus hingga 9 September 2018. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas dan kepadatan moluska. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode transek kuadran, yang dilakukan dari tepi pantai tegak lurus ke arah tubir. Dari hasil penelitian ini ditemukan sebanyak 22 jenis moluska yang terdiri dari 10 jenis dari kelas bivalvia dan 12 jenis dari kelas gastropoda. Anadara antiquata, Pinna bicolor dan Gafrarium pectinatum dari kelas bivalvia; Lambis lambis dan Strombus urceus dari kelas gastropoda memiliki penyebaran yang luas. Kepadatan moluska tertinggi terdapat di stasiun BLTS06 (23,283 individu/ha) dan terendah di stasiun BLTS03 (283 individu/ha). Isognomon isognomum merupakan jenis yang mendominasi stasiun BLTS06. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman jenis (H’) berkisar antara 2,42-3,52 dan masuk dalam kategori keanekaragaman sedang. Indeks kemerataan jenis (J’) berkisar antara 0,71-0,86. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa komunitas moluska di perairan ini masih berada dalam kondisi cukup baik.The Belitung Island consists of small islands with seagrass area, which inhabited by species of mollusks but the diversity of in mollusk in these waters no yet widely known. Observations in Kelayang Island (BLTS01 station), Kepayang Island (BLTS02 station), Mendanau Island (BLTS03 station), Sekutai Island (BLTS04 station), Sebongkok Island (BLTS05 station), Ruk Island (BLTS06 station) and Kalimambang Island (BLTS07 station) was conducted on 29 August to 9 September 2018 to find out community structure and mollusks density. The method used was quadrant transect, starting from the edge of the beach perpendicular to the coast. From the results of the study, it was found 22 species of mollusk consisting of 10 species of bivalves class and 12 species of gastropods class. Anadara antiquata, Pinna bicolor and Gafrarium pectinatum from the bivalves class, and Lambis lambis and Strombus urceus from the gastropods class were having a relatively wide distribution. The highest mollusk density was found in station BLTS06 (23.283 individu/ha) and the lowest was in Station BLTS03 (283 individu/ha), respectively Isognomon isognomum was a species that dominated the sand substrate in BLTS06. The value of species diversity index (H\u27) ranged from 2.42 to 3.52. This value indicated the diversity of mollusk species was of moderate condition. Evenness index (J\u27) ranged from 0.71 to 0.86. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the mollusk community in these waters is still in reasonably good condition
ESTIMATION OF SEA-AIR CO2 EXCHANGE AT SIMEULUE SEA DURING SUMMER ASIAN MONSOON
Get PDFSaat awal monsun Asia musim panas (onset summer of Asia monsoon) di bulan Juni-Juli-Agustus, perairan sekitar Pulau Simeulue, Aceh, terpengaruh oleh kejadian upwelling di Samudra Hindia. Hal ini diduga mempengaruhi siklus gas karbondioksida antara laut dan udara di perairan sekitar Pulau Simeulue, Aceh. Pada kegiatan survei Ekspedisi Widya Nusantara (EWIN) 2017 #coastal chapter yang dilaksanakan bersama Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi (P2O) LIPI bulan Juli 2017 didapat data temperatur, salinitas dan tekanan parsial gas CO2 (pCO2) di laut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat interaksi laut-atmosfer dan menentukan serapan atau luaran karbon di sekitar Pulau Simeulue. Untuk data pendukung berupa kadar CO2 di udara didapat dari Stasiun Pemantau Atmosfer Global Bukit Kototabang, Sumatra Barat. Dengan melakukan perhitungan flux CO2 antara laut dan udara, didapatkan hasil bahwa perairan di wilayah barat pulau berperan sebagai penyerap karbon (sink) dengan nilai fluks -0,05 mol C/m2 hari hingga -0,25 mol C/m2 hari. Sementara itu pada wilayah timur pulau memiliki peran sebagai sumber karbon (source) dengan nilai fluks 0,05 mol C/m2 hari hingga 0,2 mol C/m2 hari. Nilai fluks positif berarti laut melepaskan karbon ke udara dan sebaliknya nilai negatif berarti laut menyerap karbon.The summer Asian monsoon (onset summer of Asia monsoon) occurs in June-July-August. The sea around Simeulue Island, Aceh, is affected by upwelling from the Indian Ocean. Within this period the effect of the carbon dioxide gas cycle between the sea and air in the area around the Island is predicted. The 2017 #coastal chapter Widya Nusantara (EWIN) Expedition Survey conducted in conjunction with the Research Center for Oceanography (P2O) LIPI in July 2017 obtained data on temperature, salinity and partial pressure of CO2 gas in the sea (pCO2 Sea). The objective is to investigate the ocean-atmosphere interaction and to determine the source or sink of carbon around the Island. The CO2 data in the atmosphere obtained from the Bukit Kototabang Global Atmospheric Monitoring Station, West Sumatra. By calculating CO2 flux between sea and air, the results show that the western region of the island acts as carbon sinks with a flux value of -0.05 mol C / m2 days to -0.25 mol C / m2 days. Meanwhile in the eastern region of the island roles as carbon source with a flux value of 0.05 mol C/m2 day to 0.2 mol C/m2 day. The value of positive/negative flux means that the sea releases/absorbs carbon into the air, respectively
THE HANDLING OF ROUND SCAD ON MINI PURSE SEINE BOATS, REGENCY OF REMBANG REVIEWED BASED ON THE DECREE OF MINISTER OF MARINE AFFAIRS AND FISHERIES NUMBER 52A/KEPMEN-KP/2013
Get PDFThe round scad produced will have the best quality if the catching and handling method onboard and at the port is carried out quickly, precisely and carefully. The entire handling activity has been regulated in the Decree of the Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (KEPMEN KP) number 52A/KEPMEN-KP/2013. This research aimed to determine the level of conformity between the handling carried out onboard with the standard handling regulated in the KEPMEN KP number 52A/KEPMEN-KP/2013. The analysis results will be used as the basis for developing alternative strategies for the standard implementation of Round scad on the mini purse seine boats in the Regency of Rembang. The data collecting was carried out by observation and interviews with respondents. Data were analyzed using gap analysis, which is looking for the difference between standard handling and the handling carried out during the research. The elements analyzed were boat facilities, onboard hygiene, human resources, tools and equipment for handling fish, as well as fishing technique and catching unit. The research results showed that the average score of the conformity of handling on the five elements are 69.52%, which means that the round scad handling on mini purse seine boat in the Regency of Rembang is not reaching the standards regulated in the KEPMEN KP number 52A/KEPMEN-KP/2013. This is caused by the low level of conformity in the element of human resources of 38.56%
THE INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIC OF CAPTURE FISHERIES WITH BASED ON LOCAL SUPERIOR RESOURCES: CASE STUDY OF SQUID FISHERIES IN SOUTH BANGKA REGENCY
Get PDFCumi merupakan potensi perikanan yang bernilai ekonomis penting di Kabupaten Bangka Selatan. Permintaan komoditas ini baik dalam bentuk segar maupun olahan diperkirakan terus mengalami peningkatan dimasa mendatang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kontribusi perikanan cumi, menganalisis basis pengembangannya, serta merumuskan strategi pengembangannya di Kabupaten Bangka Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif, analisis LQ, dan metode AHP. Selama periode 2009-2016, produksi perikanan cumi di Kabupaten Bangka Selatan rata-rata 4187,87 ton dengan nilai kontribusi mencapai Rp87.736.058.000,00 setiap tahunnya. Wilayah basis pengembangan perikanan cumi menggunakan: (1) bagan tancap adalah Kecamatan Tukak Sadai, Kecamatan Lepar Pogok, dan Kecamatan Toboali, (2) bagan perahu adalah Kecamatan Kepulauan Pongok, dan (3) pancing cumi adalah Kecamatan Simpang Rimba, Kecamatan Batu Betumpang, Kecamatan Toboali, dan Kecamatan Lepar Pongok. Strategi prioritas pengembangan adalah pembinaan sumberdaya manusia perikanan cumi (prioritas I) dan perbaikan manajemen usaha perikanan cumi (prioritas II) di setiap wilayah basis pengembangan perikanan cumi. Squid resources are the fisheries potention has important economic value in South Bangka Regency. Demand for this commodity in both fresh and processed forms is estimated to continue to increase in the future. This study aims to analyze the contribution of squid fisheries, analyze their development bases, and formulate development strategies in South Bangka Regency. This study used descriptive method, LQ analysis, and AHP method. During the period of 2009-2016, the production of squid fisheries in South Bangka Regency averaged 4187.87 tons with a contribution value of Rp87,736,058,000.00 annually. This squid production follows a polynomial pattern y = -192.1x2 + 1624.x + 1745 (R² = 0.289). The base area for squid fisheries development uses: (1) liftnet is Tukak Sadai District, Lepar Pogok District, and Toboali District, (2) boat liftnet is Pongok Islands District, and (3) squid fishing is Simpang Rimba District, Batu Betumpang District, Toboali District, and Lepar Pongok District. While the priority development strategy is the coaching of human resources for squid fisheries (priority I) and improved management of the squid fisheries business (priority II) in each base area
