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Becoming Normal: An Analysis of Normalcy in Ken Kesey’s One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest
Get PDFThis research paper aims to make meaning of normalcy in Ken Kesey’s novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest. The meaning of normalcy is constructed from characters who are considered as not normal. Therefore, being not normal will be analyzed by Foucault’s idea of madness (1964) as the framework. In particular, the research analyzes textual evidences which indicate the aspects of madness. By employing a narrative approach in a qualitative method which emphasizes on the analysis of the characters in the novel, the finding reveals two main points. First, that normalcy means obedience. In this case, being obedient means being submissive toward the ward’s rules. Second, the idea of normalcy is determined by those who have power. From the analysis, it can be concluded that normalcy is not a fixed construction, it depends on those who hold the authority.Keywords: Aleph, Paulo Coelho, journey in literature, life meaning, life purpo
The Magic of Howl’s Moving Castle: An Analysis of Character Development in a Fantasy Novel
Get PDFThe present study aims to examine the influence of magical events on the development of the major character in the novel Howl’s Moving Castle by Diana Wynne Jones. The present study uses qualitative approach, particularly descriptive qualitative method. The data were collected by critically selecting the words, phrases, and sentences that reflect events with magical happenings. In analyzing the data, this study employs Nikolajeva’s (1988) magic laws and Tolkien’s (1966) functions of fantasy. The analysis reveals that the magical events influence the development of the main character through the magic laws, which portray certain functions of fantasy. The magic law that dominantly appears in the novel is consistency (i.e., the idea that the secondary world has rules that must be obeyed). Meanwhile, in terms of functions of fantasy, recovery (i.e., recapture the fundamental vision of things) becomes the dominant function primarily shown. The findings of the present study also indicate that, in the fantasy genre, the development of the character is triggered by the elements of surprise and the element of wonder presented in the novel. Keywords: character development, fantasy, magic, magical event
The Representation of Whiteness in Ralph Ellison
Get PDFRacism has always been a never-ending issue in society; one specific racist act is whiteness. The issue of whiteness is still considered an inevitable issue that is still happening until today, and it gives negative impact on the non-white. The issue of racism is often analyzed as a form of prejudice, stereotype, and discrimination. However, the issue of racism is a general issue. Thus, the present research attempts to portray the specific act of racism, which is whiteness. The novel Invisible Man (1952) by Ralph Ellison brings the issue of racism. By using Garner (2007) theory of whiteness, the issue of racism that is present in the novel is analyzed under the four themes of whiteness to provide an alternative understanding of the issue of racism through the lens of whiteness. This research entitled “The Representation of Whiteness in Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man” attempts to reveal how whiteness is constructed as a racist act in the society which becomes the central issue of the novel. This research employs Young’s (1999) theory of representation and Garner’s (2007) theory of whiteness to provides another perspective of whiteness by portraying the themes of whiteness, and how it is constructed in society. The findings show that the issue of whiteness is dominantly exercised through terror and supremacy, and it makes the non-white feel inferior to the White. Keywords: whiteness, white privilege, white supremac
Social Actors and Flood in Jakarta
Get PDFThis present study examined the representation of Social Actors in articles from an online newspaper centroone.com about the flood in Jakarta in 2013 by using van Leeuwen’s social actor network (2008). This study employed qualitative method to describe the representation and its significance. The collected data were 9 articles from an online newspaper centroone.com. The data were analyzed in the unit of words and sentences to reveal the representation of the social actors. The study disclosed that in the articles, the social actors were represented through the use of 6 ways, namely proper names, pronouns, social titles, institutions, general groups, and nouns. The representations then indicated 3 significant actors related to the flood in Jakarta in 2013: Joko Widodo, BNPB, and the citizens. Joko Widodo was indicated as the work of the government of Jakarta, BNPB was indicated as the work performed by the institution, not the institution, and the citizens was indicated as the people related to the flood; as the citizens and the victims.Keywords: Social Actors, Critical Discourse Analysis, Representatio
A Comparative Analysis of the Representation of Disney’s White and Non-White Women in Brave (2012) and Moana (2016)
Get PDFIn the earlier films produced by Disney, the female main characters are dominated by white-skinned women. Disney’s films that have non-white female main characters just emerged at the end of the 20th century. However, the question whether white women and non-white women maintain the same qualities are still going on. Thus, this study investigates the representation of Disney’s white and non-white women in Brave (2012) and Moana (2016) produced by Walt Disney Studios in the 21st century. Adopting a qualitative method, this present study analyzes the female main characters’ characterizations which are drawn upon Boggs and Petrie’s (2008) framework of characterization in films. The study also employs Corrigan’s (2010) framework of mise-en-scene to strengthen the analysis. The findings reveal that Disney’s white and non-white women are represented differently. Disney’s white women tend to be represented as a rebellious female main character in the domestic sphere. On the other hand, Disney’s non-white women represent a devoted female main character in the realm of the public sphere. Despite the differences, both female main characters represent a new archetype of Disney’s princess who is more egalitarian, brave and not dependent on men. Keywords: women representation, white and non-white, domestic and public spher
The Strategies in Translating Indonesian Cultural Terms in Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s Footsteps
Get PDFThis study investigated some strategies applied by the translator in translating Indonesian cultural terms found in the novel Footsteps. The data were taken from the original version of the novel entitled Jejak Langkah and its English version entitled Footsteps. By using qualitative method, this study classified and analyzed the data based on Newmark’s (1988) cultural categories and Venuti’s (1995) domestication and foreignization strategies in translation. The result showed that domestication and foreignization strategies were applied by the translator to translate Indonesian cultural terms with the percentage of 26.92% (domesticated) and 73.08% (foreignized). The most frequently used strategy by the translator in translating the cultural terms make the translation result to be less fluent and less transparent. However, it could make the target language readers feel closer to the nuance of the original story of the novel Footsteps and recognize linguistic and cultural differences of other languages, in this case Indonesian.Keywords: Domestication, Foreignization, Strategi Penerjemahan, Istilah Budaya
Masculinity of a Major Female Character in Joel Coen’s The Big Lebowski
Get PDFIn its early emergence, the theories of masculinity are often associated with men, then female masculinity theories established and shifted the traditional notion of masculinity concept. This paper is intended to scrutinize the portrayal of masculinity in a major female character in a Joel Coen’s 1998 film entitled The Big Lebowski. Female masculinity is chosen as the main topic considering the shift of gender notions in these past few years using the theory proposed by Judith Halberstam (1998). In order to determine whether the characterization of the main object of this paper portrays masculinity, masculinity characteristics theory presented by Levant (1995) and film theory advanced by Amy Villarejo (2007) are also employed in this study. Using the theories mentioned previously, this paper used the dialogues, a number of mise en scene aspects, namely properties, costumes, hair do and makeup, and also cinematography aspects such as camera shots, angles and frames. The data were collected by taking notes on the character;s masculinity traits throughout the film. It is found that the focused character is depicted to have some masculinity traits through her confidence, emotions hiding, the absence of intimacy in sex. Self-reliant, strength, aggression, power, and domination. Thus, this paper proves that masculinity can also be performed with an absence of male body form. Keywords: Female Masculinity, masculinity, masculinity traits, The Big Lebowsk
Identifying Character Presentation and Motherhood Issue Through the Technique of Focalization in The Witch Of Portobello by Paulo Coelho
Get PDFThe present research investigated the narrative perspective or focalization and motherhood issue inside the novel entitled the Witch of Portobello by Paulo Coelho. The discussion focused on the main character in the story to reveal the character’s traits and her motherhood portrayal through focalization technique. The research utilized qualitative method particularly textual analysis framed by Genette’s (1983) and Culler’s (1997) focalization as the major theory. The result of the present research showed that Athena, the main character in the novel, that were presented to be a strong, independent woman with paranormal abilities who was brave enough to take dangerous risks and difficult paths to satisfy her curiosity. It was also revealed that the focalizations presented Athena to portray the traditional myth of motherhood.Keywords: Character Presentation, Motherhood, Narrative Perspective, Focalization, Literatur
Syntactic Awareness of Early Childhood Aged 5-6: A Case of Sentence Structure
Get PDFThis study seeks to examine syntactic awareness of children aged 5-6 in Indonesian context. The aims of the study is to investigate early childhood in identifying and correcting active and passive sentences and then describing the characteristics of high and low performing students. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach to data collection and analysis. The data were collected in three ways: 1) Assesment tests, 2) Questionnaire, and 3) Interview. The analysis reveals that the children could identify and correct active sentences (76.69%) and passive sentences (67.16%). In describing the quantitative analysis, this study focuses on the high and low performing students in revealing the characteristics of the data. This study suggests that children have their capacity to engage in learning linguistic. Therefore, the result of this study could be considered to be the cases for further literacy learning. Based on the social aspects, there are 3 main social aspects that characterize high and low performing students; parents’ education background, children activity, and the quantity of child-directed speech. Keywords: syntactic awareness, active and passive sentence, kindergarten stude
Comprehending Agent and Agentless Types of English Active and Passive Voice by Indonesian Learners of English
Get PDFThe study entitled “Comprehending Agent and Agentless Types of English Active and Passive Voice by Indonesian Learners of English” aims to analyze and describe how Indonesians as English learners comprehend agent and agentless types of English active and passive sentences, and to uncover the factors affecting comprehension. The participants of the study were 26 university students from a grammar class of 2015. The two main instruments used were an individual test and a set of questionnaires for personal information. Participants’ performances in the test regarding the agent and agentless types of English active and passive voices were correlated with their personal data which contain aspects affecting their learning of second language. The mean score and percentage of individual result of the test were used to determine the sentences that received the highest and the lowest performances. Two major ways were discovered that help participants comprehend those types of active and passive voices, namely identifying the items in sentences and selecting explicit choices. L1 interference is shown to have significant relations to the participants’ comprehension of agent and agentless types of English active and passive sentences, especially the interference in the structure of sentences and grammatical error. In addition to L1 interference, the factors that were taken into account to contribute to the comprehension, were individual differences. The findings of this study were assessed by using appropriate and relevant linguistic theories. Keywords: Second language learning, agent and agentless types of active and passive voice, L1 interference, Individual difference