Jurnal Filsafat
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Pandangan Gabriel Marcel tentang Manusia dalam Konteks Peristiwa Bencana Alam
No full textoai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3076Saat ini banyak sekali bencana menimpa dan memakan banyak korban. Korban tidak pernah merupakan suatu pilihan objek, bahkan korban sendiri tidak pernah memilih. Realitas sosial yang menggambarkan kehidupan bersama menuntut hubungan yang baik dalam cara pandang dan interaksi intersubjektivitas. Konsep Gabriel Marcel tentang hakikat diri dan hubungan intersubjektif merupakan konsep yang bisa digunakan untuk menemukan sejauhmana konsep tentang cinta kasih dan harapan dalam setiap umat manusia. Konsep ini diharapkan dapat dihubungkan dengan persoalan empati terhadap persoalan bencana saat ini. Menurut Marcel, eksistensi manusia tidak dapat diobjektivikasi, namun sebagai wujud konkret diri. Marcel menghargai relasi sebagai wujud dinamika manusia mencapai taraf ‘menjadi’ dan sifat ketergantungan manusia. Kemudian relasi intersubjektif ditandai dengan kehadiran yang harus dipenuhi dengan cinta kasih, empati, dan kesetiaan, sehingga tercipta empati terhadap sesama, sehingga dalam melihat korban bencana bukan sebagai objek yang dikasihani. Pentingnya harapan bagi korban bencana yang dapat membuat manusia tenang dan tidak takut terhadap kematian, juga menumbuhkan kepercayaan. Keputusasaan diakibatkan oleh hilangnya harapan, kepercayaan, dan cinta kasih. Cinta kasih merupakan jalan tengah bagi mereka yang senantiasa melihat sesuatu secara parsial dan ekstrem. Cinta menghilangkan kebencian, seperti harapan yang menghilangkan ketakutan, keterputusasaan bagi korban bencana.Kata kunci: subjek-objek, relasi, bencana, cinta kasih, empati
RELASI ANTARMANUSIA DALAM NILAI-NILAI BUDAYA BUGIS: PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT DIALOGIS MARTIN BUBER
Get PDFArtikel ini ingin mengungkap fenomena kearifan lokal tentang relasi antarmanusia pada masyarakat Bugis yang terdapat dalam kitab La Galigo. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan konsep relasi antarmanusia yang terdapat dalam nilai-nilai budaya Bugis dan relevansinya dengan pembangunan Hak Asasi Manusia di Indonesia. Filsafat dialogis Martin Buber, yang menguraikan tentang relasi antarmanusia, digunakan sebagai sebuah perspektif dalam artikel ini. Ada tiga bentuk relasi yang terdapat dalam pemikiran Buber, I – It, I – Thou, dan I – Eternal Thou. Berbicara tentang relasi antarmanusia, dalam kearifan lokal masyarakat Bugis, nilai-nilai semacam itu telah lama dimiliki dan dipahami dalam bentuk konsepsi budaya. Konsep relasi sipakasiri' dipahami sebagai konsep relasi yang tabu, konsep relasi sipassiriki dianggap sebagai konsep ideal dalam membangun relasi antarmanusia, yang kemudian memuncak pada konsep mappesona ri dewata seuwwae. Berdasarkan konsep-konsep tersebut, bisa dikatakan bahwa kajian relasi antarmanusia yang terdapat dalam nilai-nilai budaya Bugis, memiliki relevansi yang kuat dengan upaya pembangunan Hak Asasi Manusia di Indonesia
Hikmah Kepemimpinan
No full textSila keempat dari lima sila dalam Pancasila sebagai kesatuan, yaitu Kerakyatan yang dipimpin oleh hikmat kebijaksanaan dalam permusyawaratan / perwakilan
Pandangan Muhammad Iqbal tentang Dunia Materi
No full textThis study focus on the concept of material world according to Muhammad Iqbal, which can strengther the faith of Allah.This research was conducted by studying literature through interpretation method and logical thinking.The result of the research shows that the material world is not a final and static product. The material world is the reality in the progressive movement which is always flowing and changing. It is an action, a flowing from chaos to cosmos, a life and consciousness as an impact of evolution process, which is unlimited. In this perspective, the material world factually is a self, like the self of man
Pandangan Buruh Gendong di Yogyakarta terhadap Peran Ganda Perempuan
Get PDFUnskilled female labourer (buruh gendong) is a manifestation of Javanese female workers disrupting the inferiority boundary. They lift heavy goods in the market to help in providing livelihood for their family. This research aimed to analyze how the unskilled female labourers defend their existence as Javanese women who are able to fullfil double burden as the way to provide financial help to their family. This research also analyzed how they view of the women's double roles. This research was a field study using qualitative data collected from detailed interviews, observations, and documentations. Analyzes were done using philosophical approaches, i.e. induction, deduction, comparation, description, and reflection. The results showed that Javanese women were not only refined in character and submissive, but also tough, strong, and decisive in making choice. They viewed the women's double burden as part of their lives which should be ventured with willingess and sincerity. They tackled the conflict arising from the double burden by efficiency in time management and load-sharing in domestic chores. Gender deconstruction was shown as women who also can contribute economically by capitalizing their abilities. Women and men are all in the same level and have the same chances in working side by side with other men. From this research, a new knowledge has been revealed that women's double burden was not always restricting women to contribute to their family. It was depicted by this case in female unskilled labourers in helping their family willingly
Kontrak Sosial menurut Immanuel Kant: Kontekstualisasinya dengan Penegakan HAM di Indonesia
Get PDFThis article addresses the sensitive topic of human rights issues in Indonesia through a Kantian analysis. Cases of human rights violations are a common occurrence in Indonesia. Presently, human rights violations in the country are assessed from historical and legal perspectives. However, there is little commitment or willingness on the part of the Indonesian government to protect and defend the principles of human rights. This article is attempts to utilize arguments from political philosophy that can contextualize the protection and implementation of human rights in Indonesia, through an analysis of the concept of social contract in Immanuel Kant’s political philosophy. According to Kant, freedom and equality are natural rights. This article demonstrates that Kant's social contract theory is linear with his formal moral philosophy. In his explanation, ‘contract’ is unified will. Therefore, the Indonesian state with its power is responsible to implement the will of the public to ensure order and rule of law and to protect the rights and freedom of each individual
Evaluasi Program Sosialisasi Civic Literacy Dalam Pembentukan Etika Warganegara Muda
Get PDFThis study aims to find out and evaluate the process of civic literacy socialization to establish the ethics of young citizens and the implications towards personal resilience in Surakarta and formulating the socialization model of civic literacy as a form of citizenship education.This research was conducted in Surakarta with the target of community conducting citizenship education activities. This research used field research with descriptive qualitative approach which describes citizenship education practice which is done informally in socialization of civic literacy activities. The results showed that the socialization of civic literacy was done informally with habituation, development, and learning which was done continuously and had the objective to form the ethics of citizens with the perspective of personal resilience. This research also produces a model of civic literacy as a planning in the learning process which contains information about how to be an ethical citizen, understand the rights and obligations, have a sense of responsibility and nationalism that is implemented in the life of society, nation and state.
FILSAFAT PENDIDIKAN KI HADJAR DEWANTARA DAN SUMBANGANNYA BAGI PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA
Get PDFGlobalisasi yang dipengaruhi oleh kepentingan pasar telah mengakibatkan pendidikan tidak sepenuhnya dipandang sebagai upaya mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa dan proses pemerdekaan manusia, tetapi mulai bergeser menuju pendidikan sebagai komoditas. Untuk menangkal model pendidikan sebagai komoditas maka konsep pendidikan Ki Hadjar Dewantara ditawarkan sebagai solusi terhadap distorsi-distorsi pelaksanaan pendidikan di Indonesia dewasa ini. Menurut Ki Hadjar Dewantara, hakikat pendidikan adalah sebagai usaha untuk menginternalisasikan nilai-nilai budaya ke dalam diri anak, sehingga anak menjadi manusia yang utuh baik jiwa dan rohaninya. Filsafat pendidikan Ki Hadjar Dewantara disebut dengan filsafat pendidikan among yang di dalamnya merupakan konvergensi dari filsafat progresivisme tentang kemampuan kodrati anak untuk mengatasi persoalan-persoalan yang dihadapi dengan memberikan kebebasan berpikir seluas-luasnya, dipadukan dengan pemikiran esensialisme yang memegang teguh kebudayaan yang sudah teruji selama ini. Dalam hal ini Ki Hadjar Dewantara menggunakan kebudayaan asli Indonesia sedangkan nilai-nilai dari Barat diambil secara selektif adaptatif sesuai dengan teori trikon (kontinyuitas, konvergen dan konsentris). Tiga kontribusi filsafat pendidikan Ki Hadjar Dewantara terhadap pendidikan Indonesia adalah penerapan trilogi kepemimpinan dalam pendidikan, tri pusat pendidikan dan sistem paguron
DINAMIKA ARAH KEPASTIAN HUKUM DI TENGAH TRANSFORMASI SOSIAL-BUDAYA DALAM PERSPEKTIF PEMIKIRAN MAZHAB SOCIOLOGICAL JURISPRUDENCE
Get PDFThe simultaneous process of social-culture transformation emerges a complex problematic in the sector of law; especially it is related with the law certainty. The clash of values occurred intensively and extensively fixes a polemic whether the law must be stable or is always in changing. The law that is always in changing will leave a certainty as an essential character of law. On the contrary, the law that stable in its nature will turn up a problem, it will not accommodate the internal dynamic. The sect of Sociological Jurisprudence, in its effort tries to formulate a harmonious synthesis by positing the significant meaning of customary law and the written constitution as a tool of social live arrangement in order to manage it better. The certainty of law will be achieved throughout continuous dialog process between rationality and experience, between fact that happen in the social life and the ideal normative of juridical values those are formulated in constitution. The certainty of law can be approached properly if it is supported by professional lawyer apparatus that has high moral integrity. The task of judge is not only to be speaker of constitution but also to enforce the justice. Therefore, the law enforcer should has sensitive feeling in understanding the phenomena of social justice that is desired by society, formulating the social justice in the constitution, and implementing the constitution wisely
