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KETAHANAN BEBERAPA VARIETAS TEMBAKAU (Nicotiana tabacum L.) TERHADAP BUSUK BATANG BERLUBANG (Pectobacterium carotovorum)
Full text linkTembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L.) merupakan tanaman perkebunan yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi. Tembakau banyak dibudidayakan khususnya di Kabupaten Jember, tembakau akan diambil dari bagian daunnya, kemudian digunakan sebagai bahan baku rokok, kosmetik, dan obat-obatan. Kendala utama budidaya tanaman tembakau salah satunya adalah serangan penyakit busuk batang berlubang yang disebabkan bakteri P. carotovorum. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengendalikan penyakit busuk batang berlubang pada tanaman tembakau dengan menggunakan varietas tahan. Rancangan percobaan dilakukan menggunakan (RAL) Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 5 kali ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan yakni A1 varietas Kasturi Mawar, A2 varietas Kasturi Jepun, A3 varietas Kasturi Lumajang dan A4 varietas H382. Hasil percobaan dianalisis menggunakan sidik ragam dan apabila diperoleh data yang berbeda nyata pada taraf 5% maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan Multiple range Test (DMRT) pada taraf kepercayaan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan varietas Kasturi Lumajang dan Kasturi Jepun memiliki kemampuan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan varietas yang lain kemudian perkembangan penyakit dengan nilai keparahan 36,15% dan 49,05% termasuk kriteria rentan sedangkan varietas Kasturi Mawar dan H382 memiliki nilai keparahan 74,25% dan 92,65% sehingga termasuk kriteria sangat rentan. Varietas Kasturi Jepun memiliki sifat yang lebih responsif terhadap adanya infeksi bakteri P. carotovorum sehingga mengalami peningkatan kandungan fenol yang paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan klon lainnya yakni 0,57 mg/ml, sedangkan varietas Kasturi Lumajang, H382 dan Kasturi Mawar adalah 0,374 mg/ml, 0,211 mg/ml dan 0,017 mg/ml. Peningkatan kandungan fenol tersebut diduga adanya respon akibat infeksi P. carotovorum. Pada variabel pertumbuhan tanaman varietas H382 memiliki tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan varietas yang lainnya yaitu 28,20 cm dan 16,20.
Kata Kunci: Penyakit Busuk Batang Berlubang, Pectobacterium carotovorum, Senyawa Fenol
Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Hayati dan Penambahan Limbah Baglog Jamur Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Buncis (Phaseolus Vulgaris L): The Effect of Biological Fertilizer and Addition of Mushroom Baglog Waste on Growth and Yield of Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L).
Full text link Beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris L ) is shrubs that are included in annual crops. Bean plants have a high nutritions. According to the Central Bereau of Statistic (2021), the production of beans in Indonesian has fluctuated in 2018 – 2021. Fluctuating bean production has an impact on consument needs. One of the obstacles to increasing bean production is the large use of inorganic fertilizers which can have negative impact. Efforts to increase the productivity of beans are one of them using biological fertilizers combined with mushroom baglog waste. The purpose of this study wasto determine the effect of the dose of biological fertilizer and the addition of mushroom baglog waste on the growth and yield of beans.The study used a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor was the dose of biological fertilizer with treatment H0 : control; H1 : 15 ml/L water; H2 : 30 ml/L water. The second factor is the addition of baglogw aste with L0 : without mushroom baglog waste; L1 : 50 gram/polybag; L2 : 100 gram/polybag. The results showed 1) The interaction of biological fertilizers and baglog waste was only significantly different on the root lenght variable. 2) The best treatment was 30 ml/l water of biological fertilizers. 3) The best treatment was 100 grams of baglog.
Keywords: Beans, Biofertilizer, Mushroom baglog waste, Dos
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK FOSFOR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN VEGETATIF TANAMAN TEBU VAR. BULULAWANG HASIL MUTASI
Full text linkData Direktorat Jendral Perkebunan (2020), menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata rendemen tebu di Indonesia sebesar 6,5 persen - 7,5 persen. Apabila tebu di Indonesia memiliki rata-rata rendemen di atas 10 persen, maka impor gula dapat ditekan. Peningkatan rendemen dapat dilakukan dengan menanam tebu yang memiliki rendemen tinggi. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan dalam perubahan genetik untuk mendapatkan tanaman hasil mutasi memiliki rendemen berkisar antara 15,57 – 18,58 persen. Perubahan genetik pada tanaman tebu diduga mengakibatkan kebutuhan nutrisi tanaman yang berbeda, khususnya fosfor (P). Unsur hara fosfor menjadi salah faktor penting yang sangat berperan dalam jalur biosintesis sukrosa. Fungsi utama dalam tanaman adalah menyimpan dan mentransfer energi dalam bentuk ADP dan ATP (Liferdi, 2010). Energi diperoleh dari fotosintesis dan metabolisme karbohidrat yang disimpan dalam campuran fosfat untuk digunakan dalam proses pertumbuhan. Percobaan ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai selesai 2020 bertempat di Desa Sumberjeruk, Kecamatan Kalisat, Kabupaten Jember. Percobaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan faktor pertama genotipe tebu (3 mutan) dan faktor kedua dosis P (5 taraf dengan peningkatan 10%), yakni (P0 = 110 kg P/ha, P1 = 121 kg P/ha, P2 = 132 kg P/ha, P3 = 143 kg P/ha, P4 = 154 kg P/ha), sehingga terdapat 15 kombinasi perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan tebu mutan M4.3 dapat mendukung untuk mendapatkan rendemen optimum terhadap kandungan sukrosa daun. Pemberian dosis pupuk P2 sebanyak 132 kg P/ha pada tebuM4.2 memberikan hasil paling optimum pada jumlah anakan dan dosis pupuk P2 sebanyak 132 kg P/ha pada tebu M4.3 memberikan hasil paling optimum pada diameter batang teb
pengaruh pemangkasan dan pemupukan NPK terhadap tanaman pare (Momordica charantia L.)
No full textPare Plant is a type of horticultural plant originating from the cucurbitaceae family. Bitter gourd contains antioxidants that help suppress the inflammatory response and lower glucose levels in diabetes. Cultivation of bitter melon by using pruning and the use of NPK fertilizer can increase production yields. Pruning on plants needs to be done in order to increase the number of flowers produced by plants. NPK fertilizer is a macro nutrient needed by plants to be able to grow and metabolic processes in plants can run well. This research was conducted in the Patrang sub-district, Patrang sub-district, Jember district which was carried out from March to June 2021. This research method used a completely randomized design (RAL) with a 4x3 factorial design which was repeated 3 times. The first factor is pruning which consists of 3 levels of treatment P1 (without pruning), P2 (3 branches pruning on segments 1-3 and P3 (6 pruning branches on sections 1-6), and the second factor is the dose of NPK fertilizer which consists of 4 The treatment levels were N1 (0 g/plant), N2 (10g/plant), N3 (20 g/plant) and N4 (30 g/plant).
The experimental results showed that there was an interaction effect on NPK fertilization with pruning which gave very significant different results to fruit diameter. The effect of NPK fertilizer application was significantly different on fruit length and fruit volume. In the treatment, the effect of giving NPK fertilizer was not significantly different on the initial appearance of flowers, the number of fruits and significantly different on the number of fruits
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN PUPUK ORGANIK TERHADAP POPULASI Bacillus sp. UNTUK MENEKAN PERKEMBANGAN PENYAKIT KARAT DAUN PADA TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glycine max L.)
Full text linkTingkat konsumsi kedelai mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya, namun produksi tergolong fluktuatif sehingga tidak dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dalam negeri. Faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi kedelai adalah OPT (organisme pengganggu tanaman) salah satunya Phakopsora pachyrhizi. Pengendalian P. pachyrhizi dilakukan menggunakan APH Bacillus sp. Penambahan pupuk organik menjadi media tumbuhnya mikroorganisme dekomposer dapat meningkatkan jumlah koloni bakteri dan induksi ketahanan tanaman. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh penambahan pupuk organik terhadap populasi Bacillus sp., penyakit karat dan berat biji kering tanaman kedelai. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan bulan Maret-September 2021 di Labolatorium Mikrobiologi Pendidikan Biologi Universitas Jember dan Lahan Pertanian di desa Slawu Kecamatan Patrang Kabupaten Jember. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan perlakuan 4 pupuk organic pengaplikasian 7,5 ton/ha yaitu K (kontrol), KA (Pupuk vermikompos dosis 0,75kg/m2), KS (Pupuk kompos kotoran sapi dosis 0,75kg/m2) dan KK (pupuk kompos kotoran kambing dosis 0,75kg/m2). Data yang diperoleh dinalisis menggunakan ANOVA, apabila terdapat perbedaan nyata dilanjutkan uji DMRT dengan taraf nyata 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan pupuk organic meningkatkan populasi Bacillus sp. sebesar 4,78x199 (koloni biru), 8,80x109 (koloni merah), kompos kambing menurunkan perkembangan penyakit dengan keparahan 30,44% dan efektifitas 13,74% serta meningkatkan berat biji kering sebesar 9,94 gr/tanaman atau 1,24 ton/ha
The Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Induction to The Growth and Atsiri Oils Content of Three Types Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.)
No full textGinger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is one of the biopharmaca plants that have many beneficial contents. In Indonesia, biopharmaca plant production is currently developing. The development production of ginger must be balanced with the standard quality of the global market. There are many metodh to improve the ginger quality, one of them is Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) addition. It’s well recognized that the function of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) in ginger plant is to developed the growth and secondary metabolism like atsiri oils. Mode of action the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) has induced root performance to develop the growth and atsiri oils content of gingers. This study aims to discover the effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) on the growth and the content of secondary metabolism especially atsiri oils on three types of ginger. Hopefully, the research of this study would be useful for ginger cultivation.
The experimental design in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial pattern of 3x4 with 3 replications. The treatment in this experiment was a combination of various types of ginger by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) administration. Then the data will be analyzed using variance analysis (ANOVA). If treatments are significantly different, so the difference test will be performed with Duncan's multiple ranges at a 5% confidence level. Based on the results of the study showed that there were a significant interaction between the Fungal Mycorrhizal Arbuskula (AMF) fertilizer dose with type of ginger on the plant height, number of tillers, plant wet weight and plant dry weight with the best combination of treatments obtained on the red ginger types, with a 15 grams dose of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) fertilizer (J2F2). A dose of 15 grams arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) significantly affected the Leaf Area Index (LAI), fresh rhizome weight, dry rhizome weight, root length, root volume, and atsiri oils, where giant ginger showed the best growth response
STUDI BIOLOGI PREDATOR KEPIK PEMBUNUH Rhinocoris fuscipes F. (Hemiptera : Reduviidae) PADA PEMELIHARAAN DENGAN PAKAN Artemia salina L.
Full text linkKepik pembunuh Rhinocoris fuscipes Fab. merupakan serangga predator yang mampu membunuh beberapa hama tanaman seperti : Spodoptera litura. A. salina dan C. cephalonica sebagai mangsa pengganti yang digunakan untuk perbanyakan massal predator R. fuscipes. Penggunaan telur A. salina sebagai pakan buatan predator serangga tertentu memiliki alasan karena ekonomis dan sangat mudah diperoleh, selain itu kandungan nutrisi yang dimiliki telur A. salina sangat baik dan sesuai dengan pakan asli sabagai pakan rearing predator. telur C. cephalonica memiliki kadar protein yang cukup tinggi. Tahap percobaan yaitu tahap perkembangbiakan predator R. fuscipes. Pada penelitian ini terdapat 3 perlakuan dengan 30 ulangan sehingga terdapat 30 kotak percobaan. Setiap kotak percobaan terdiri dari 30 predator dengan perlakuan jenis pakan A. salina, Larva A. salina dan C. cephalonica sehingga total predator yang diberi perlakuan 90. Pengamatan ini dilakukan mulai dari fase telur sampai imago. Adapun parameter yang akan diukur pada penelitian ini adalah siklus hidup predator R. fuscipes dan pengamatan morfometri (Scion image). Perlakuan pakan dengan menggunakan telur dan larva A. salina hanya sampai instar ke II, sedangkan perlakuan pakan dengan menggunakan telur C. cephalonica dari 30 larva instar III rata-rata memiliki stadium berkisar 10,70 ± 0,94 hari, rata-rata lebar tubuh berkisar 1,42 ± 0,25 mm dan rata-rata panjang tubuh berkisar 3,70 ± 1,28 mm. Pada pengamatan stadium larva instar ke III perlakuan pakan dengan menggunakan telur C. cephalonica terlihat lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan stadium sebelumnya. Sedangkan pada pengamatan lebar dan panjang tubuh terlihat mengalami kenaikan yang signifikan dibandingkan instar sebelumnya. Pemeliharaan R. fuscipes dengan pakan C. cephalonica lebih baik dan mempunyai potensi kadar protein yang cukup tinggi. Sehingga dapat mempengaruhi stadia R. fuscipes ini lebih lama mulai dari instar 1 sampai dengan instar 3
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BIOCHAR BATANG TEMBAKAU DAN MIKORIZA TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS TEMBAKAU (Nicotiana tabaccum) BESUKI NA– OOGST
Full text linkTobacco plant (Nicotiana tabaccum) is plant commodity that has a high selling value. The tobacco cultivation process uses traditional cultivation techniques, so that the productivity of tobacco is still low. Adding a mixture of compositions to the planting media could be a solution to the cultivation technique improvement. Additional materials that can be given into the planting media are biochar and mycorrhizal fungi. Biochar has the advantage of making the soil moist, crumbly and sterile. Mycorrhizal fungi can play a role in helping and facilitating plant roots in absorbing minerals and nutrients from the soil. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the biochar from tobacco stem and mycorrhizal on the production of Besuki na-oogst tobacco. The study was conducted in a modified plastic house (green house) owned by PT. Tempu Rejo Balung, Jember, from June to September 2019. The experimental design used in this study was a factorial completely randomized design consisting of 2 factors with 3 replications. The first factor is biochar dose which consists of 4 levels, 0 g biochar (B0) as control, 250 g biochar/20 Kg Soil (B1), 500 g biochar/20 Kg Soil (B2), 750 g biochar/20 Kg Soil (B3) and the second factor is the dose Mycorrhiza with 4 levels, namely Control (M0), 165 spores mycorrhiza/plant (M1), 330 spores mycorrhiza/plant (M2), 165 spores mycorrhiza/plant (M3), so that there are 48 experimental units. Our results showed that: (1) there were interactions on the parameters of leaf wet weight, leaf dry weight and root volume. The best treatment is B3M3 with 89.66 g wet weight, 8.43 g dry weight and 386.67 ml root volume. (2) there is an effect of the treatment of biochar application on variable stem diameter and the giving of biochar 750 g (B3) is the best treatment with a diameter of 2.72 cm, (3) effect of mycorrhizal treatment on variable stem diameter and mycorrhizal giving of 165 spores mikoriza (M3) is the best treatment produces a diameter of 2.63 cm
Keywords: Nicotiana tobaccum, Biochar, Mikoriz
UJI EFEKTIVITAS PUPUK ORGANIK PADAT PADA PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKTIVITAS LIMA VARIETAS LOKAL TANAMAN TERONG (Solanum Melongena L.)
Full text linkEggplant is a plant that requires appropriate organic fertilization to produce quality fruit. Research on the effect of applying solid organic fertilizer on growth and the level of productivity of local eggplants is the main focus, especially related to growth and yield. The purpose of this study was to determine the growth and productivity of local eggplants against the provision of solid organic fertilizer carried out in paddy fields in Jember. The method used is a completely randomized design (CRD) of two factors, the first factor is the variety factor with 5 levels while the second factor is the factor of solid organic fertilizer consisting of 4 treatment levels so that there are 20 treatment combinations. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, so that there were 60 experimental unit units and each experiment unit consisted of 4 plants. The first factor is pruning with 5 levels including V1: eggplant Phiton, V2: Demak Ijo eggplant, V3: Bonar eggplant, V4: Rondha eggplant and V5: Inayah eggplant. The second factor is the treatment of solid organic fertilizer using 4 levels including P0: without solid organic fertilizer, P1: compost, P2: animal dung (kohe) goat, P3: cow kohe. The results showed that the interaction between eggplants with the trade name Inayah (V5) with the treatment of organic solid fertilizer for cow dung (P3) had optimal number of branches, productive interest and fruit weight. Local varieties of eggplants with the trade name Inayah (V5) have an optimal effect on plant height, number of leaves and productive fruit. The treatment of cow manure (P3) solid organic fertilizer has an optimal effect on plant height and productive fruit.
Keywords: Germplasm, Local Eggplant, Organic Fertilizer
PENGARUH TANAMAN LIDAH MERTUA (Sansevieria strifasciata) SEBAGAI FITOREMEDIATOR LOGAM BERAT TIMBAL (PB) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN CIPLUKAN (Physalis angulata L.)
Full text linkCiplukan (Physalis angulata L.) is one of the plants included in the eggplant family and has fruit with a wrapper that resembles green leaves. The main constraints in cultivating ciplukan plants include Pb metal pollution caused by industry, mining waste, households, agriculture (organic fertilizer, manure, pesticides), paint, coal burning reduction, deposition from the atmosphere and other activities. Efforts are needed to overcome the Pb pollution in ciplukan taaman cultivation using phytoremediation plants such as tongue-in-law (Sansevieria trifasciata). The experiment was conducted at the Antirogo Green House, Sumbersari District, Jember Regency. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) of 1 factor and 5 replications with 4 Pb metal concentration treatments (0 ppm, 10 ppm, 20 ppm and 30 ppm). The results showed that administration of Pb concentration at a concentration of 10 ppm Pb did not inhibit growth in plant height, and root length of ciplukan plants. whereas the administration of concentrations of 0 ppm, 10 ppm, 20 ppm and 30 ppm did not affect the yield of ciplukan plants.
Keywords: phytoremediation, lead (Pb), concentratio