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Management Model of Reef Fisheries in Karimunjawa National Park
Get PDFKarimunjawa National Park (KNP) inhabited mostly by fisherman. Its area surrounds by 111.625 ha as waters. Fishing zone is dedicated for traditional fisheries. Therefore the capture fisheries in KNP should be adjusted to ccommodate conservancy and utilization objectives. The objective of the research is to design management model of reef fisheries in KNP. Selection of leading fish product was conducted by implementing comparative performance index. Potency of reef fish resources was performed by using bio-economic model. Optimization number of fishing gear is performed by using LGP. Feasibility study for fishery business was conducted with R/C, ROI, PP, NPV, B/C, and IRR criteria. Policy and institutional for capture fisheries was conducted by using institutional analysis. The result shows the leading fish from reef fish is jack trevallies and yellow tail; reef fish potency is 174.225,68 kg/year; the fishing technology for reef fish are hand line (1.412 units) and traps (102 units); hand line, fish trap, and muroami are competent to develop continuously in KNP area; the policy of reef fisheries need to coordinate between stakeholders and institutions to gain optimal management; the institutional that involve in management are fishermen group, BTNKJ, DKP, NGO, fisherman’s business group, and educational institutions
The purposes of this research were, (1) to analyze fiscal policy impact on food security performance and (2) to determine strategic policy on food security in North Sumatera Province. Model of fiscal policy in North Sumatera Province which was built with the dynamic simultaneous equations system and used 2SLS with SYSLIN and SIMNLIN procedures. In this study we also used pooled data in 1990-2007 period. The results of this study showed that (1) factors of fiscal performance in North Sumatera, i.e. local tax and tax sharing were influenced by local GDP positively, otherwise general alocation funds and local retribution were not influenced by local GDP; (2) during fiscal policy, food security performance increased, which was interpreted with increasing on live expectation age, decreasing infant mortality number, and malnutrition number; (3) in simulation section, decreasing of illiteracy and health expenditure gave better impact on food security and also increasing local GDP than other simulation. Fiscal policy, especially in health and education sector, will stimulate quality social life in the future. Key words: local fiscal policy, food security, simultaneous equations
No full textThe purposes of this research were, (1) to analyze fiscal policy impact on food security performance and (2) to determine strategic policy on food security in North Sumatera Province. Model of fiscal policy in North Sumatera Province which was built with the dynamic simultaneous equations system and used 2SLS with SYSLIN and SIMNLIN procedures. In this study we also used pooled data in 1990-2007 period. The results of this study showed that (1) factors of fiscal performance in North Sumatera, i.e. local tax and tax sharing were influenced by local GDP positively, otherwise general alocation funds and local retribution were not influenced by local GDP; (2) during fiscal policy, food security performance increased, which was interpreted with increasing on live expectation age, decreasing infant mortality number, and malnutrition number; (3) in simulation section, decreasing of illiteracy and health expenditure gave better impact on food security and also increasing local GDP than other simulation. Fiscal policy, especially in health and education sector, will stimulate quality social life in the future. Key words: local fiscal policy, food security, simultaneous equation
The government of Kutai Kartanegara Regency indicates that the problem of shrimp pond’s business production and profit has been going down and being stagnant in Muara Badak. It is caused by capital source i.e own capital, ponggawa, bank loan and government loan. And directly capital source influenced different of quantity, input and output cost. In fact, the performance of lending mechanism is inefficient. The objectives of this research were to analyze the effect and capital source condition and lending mechanism of capital source to production and profit. Econometrics approach was used to solve the problem through production and profit function. OLS and IPA were applied in this research. The result of estimated parameter and perception of fish farmer related to lending mechanism were used as policy implication. The result showed that capital loan from ponggawa, bank, and government were used only as working capital and the mechanism of capital loan from ponggawa was better than the other. It was caused by easier requirement and procedure application for lending is better facility and its services, free of charge lending mechanism and relatively clearance time of credit. Production rate of fish farmer who related to ponggawa were lower than the other. However, profit rate of fish farmer who related own capital were higher than the other. Key words: capital source effect, shrimp pond production, Muara Badak, Kutai Kartanegara
No full textThe government of Kutai Kartanegara Regency indicates that the problem of shrimp pond’s business production and profit has been going down and being stagnant in Muara Badak. It is caused by capital source i.e own capital, ponggawa, bank loan and government loan. And directly capital source influenced different of quantity, input and output cost. In fact, the performance of lending mechanism is inefficient. The objectives of this research were to analyze the effect and capital source condition and lending mechanism of capital source to production and profit. Econometrics approach was used to solve the problem through production and profit function. OLS and IPA were applied in this research. The result of estimated parameter and perception of fish farmer related to lending mechanism were used as policy implication. The result showed that capital loan from ponggawa, bank, and government were used only as working capital and the mechanism of capital loan from ponggawa was better than the other. It was caused by easier requirement and procedure application for lending is better facility and its services, free of charge lending mechanism and relatively clearance time of credit. Production rate of fish farmer who related to ponggawa were lower than the other. However, profit rate of fish farmer who related own capital were higher than the other. Key words: capital source effect, shrimp pond production, Muara Badak, Kutai Kartanegar
Southeast Maluku District waters has abundance fisheries resources, especially small pelagic fisheries, but its poorly managed. That is identified from inadequate infrastructure with traditional fishing effort. Furthermore, the quality of human resources (fishermen) is still relatively low, characterized by weak management and skills so that adopting technology is time-consuming. The objectives of this study were to analyze the alternative policies and steps or actions priorities on the small pelagic fisheries development in Southeast Maluku District waters. One of the approaches can be used for solving the development of small pelagic fisheries problems is analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method. Study result showed alternative development priority on increasing the number of catches (0.316), improving the quality of human resources (0.309), sustainable development of fishing gear (0.225), and improvement of infrastructure facilities and fishing (0.150) in consitency ratio of 0.04. Appropriate policy measures in the form of short-term program is the improvement of fishing technology (0.237), motorization of fishing units (0.189), the economic empowerment of fishing communities (0.187), entered into a building where fish autions (0.137), conduct training and coaching (0.130) and strengthening institutional institutional management and operations (0.120) in consistency ratio of 0,05. Conclusion is alternative development policy priority on increasing the amount of catch with the important aspects to be considered that biological aspects improving the efficiency of fishing gear, the economic aspect in improving labor income, the marketing aspect in strengthening the domestic market, the technical aspect of overcoming the influence of the physical environment of the selectivity tools and social aspects in improving the wages received by fishermen. Actions taken to increase the catch is with the development of fishing technology. Such measures are also useful for improving the quality of human resources (fishermen) in order to exploit fish resources responsibly and sustainably. Key words: analitycal hierarchy process (AHP), small pelagic, Southeast Maluku District, strategy development
No full textSoutheast Maluku District waters has abundance fisheries resources, especially small pelagic fisheries, but its poorly managed. That is identified from inadequate infrastructure with traditional fishing effort. Furthermore, the quality of human resources (fishermen) is still relatively low, characterized by weak management and skills so that adopting technology is time-consuming. The objectives of this study were to analyze the alternative policies and steps or actions priorities on the small pelagic fisheries development in Southeast Maluku District waters. One of the approaches can be used for solving the development of small pelagic fisheries problems is analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method. Study result showed alternative development priority on increasing the number of catches (0.316), improving the quality of human resources (0.309), sustainable development of fishing gear (0.225), and improvement of infrastructure facilities and fishing (0.150) in consitency ratio of 0.04. Appropriate policy measures in the form of short-term program is the improvement of fishing technology (0.237), motorization of fishing units (0.189), the economic empowerment of fishing communities (0.187), entered into a building where fish autions (0.137), conduct training and coaching (0.130) and strengthening institutional institutional management and operations (0.120) in consistency ratio of 0,05. Conclusion is alternative development policy priority on increasing the amount of catch with the important aspects to be considered that biological aspects improving the efficiency of fishing gear, the economic aspect in improving labor income, the marketing aspect in strengthening the domestic market, the technical aspect of overcoming the influence of the physical environment of the selectivity tools and social aspects in improving the wages received by fishermen. Actions taken to increase the catch is with the development of fishing technology. Such measures are also useful for improving the quality of human resources (fishermen) in order to exploit fish resources responsibly and sustainably. Key words: analitycal hierarchy process (AHP), small pelagic, Southeast Maluku District, strategy developmen
The establishment process of Gunung Halimun National Park resulted in tenurial insecurity for local people, farmers, and hunters. This condition leads to the open conflict between local people and the government. One of the issues that make local people fight for is their rights to have an access and control toward the resources. As a development model of sustainable tourism, ecotourism has been used to respond this type of conflict. The aims of this study were to evaluate whether or not the ecotourism development in the case study perform the ideal criteria of ecotourism concept and to determine how the existing institutional arrangement support the fulfillment of the criteria. Two analytical methods were used to achieve these goals. They were analysis of the performance of ecotourism criteria and institutional analysis of ecotourism development (consists of stakeholder analysis, need analysis and policy analysis). The results of ecotourism assessment showed that the ecotourism development in the case study do not fulfill the ideal criteria of ecotourism. While the result of institutional analysis indicated three main findings, namely, insufficient rules and policy to guide ecotourism development, unequal role between stakeholders of ecotourism development, and lack of accountability in implementing the roles in the study area. This study suggests that in order to perform the ideal ecotourism development, stakeholders should develop agreed local ecotourism policy, reinforce existing organization and improve the capacity of human resources. Key words: ecotourism, institution, national park, policy analysis, qualitative analysis
No full textThe establishment process of Gunung Halimun National Park resulted in tenurial insecurity for local people, farmers, and hunters. This condition leads to the open conflict between local people and the government. One of the issues that make local people fight for is their rights to have an access and control toward the resources. As a development model of sustainable tourism, ecotourism has been used to respond this type of conflict. The aims of this study were to evaluate whether or not the ecotourism development in the case study perform the ideal criteria of ecotourism concept and to determine how the existing institutional arrangement support the fulfillment of the criteria. Two analytical methods were used to achieve these goals. They were analysis of the performance of ecotourism criteria and institutional analysis of ecotourism development (consists of stakeholder analysis, need analysis and policy analysis). The results of ecotourism assessment showed that the ecotourism development in the case study do not fulfill the ideal criteria of ecotourism. While the result of institutional analysis indicated three main findings, namely, insufficient rules and policy to guide ecotourism development, unequal role between stakeholders of ecotourism development, and lack of accountability in implementing the roles in the study area. This study suggests that in order to perform the ideal ecotourism development, stakeholders should develop agreed local ecotourism policy, reinforce existing organization and improve the capacity of human resources. Key words: ecotourism, institution, national park, policy analysis, qualitative analysi
Tourism development should also pay attention to social components exist in the area, beside the physical and biological condition. Data were collected through literature review and in depth interview. There were 131 respondents consisted of government official (village head), community’s elders, non governmental organization, tourism entrepreneur, and community members which were not involved in tourism activities. Interaction between individuals of the community members in Gunung Sari Village showed more variations compare to Gunung Bunder 2 Village, due to background variation of community members. In general, both villages showed positive primary interaction between individuals and groups, since all individuals in a certain group share the same interest and objective. While interaction between groups were emphasized more on the short term economic interest of nature-based tourism activities rather than the long term nature based tourism development. Key words: social components, nature-based tourism, Gunung Salak Endah, community
No full textTourism development should also pay attention to social components exist in the area, beside the physical and biological condition. Data were collected through literature review and in depth interview. There were 131 respondents consisted of government official (village head), community’s elders, non governmental organization, tourism entrepreneur, and community members which were not involved in tourism activities. Interaction between individuals of the community members in Gunung Sari Village showed more variations compare to Gunung Bunder 2 Village, due to background variation of community members. In general, both villages showed positive primary interaction between individuals and groups, since all individuals in a certain group share the same interest and objective. While interaction between groups were emphasized more on the short term economic interest of nature-based tourism activities rather than the long term nature based tourism development. Key words: social components, nature-based tourism, Gunung Salak Endah, communit