416 research outputs found
Sort by
Heritage Values in the Rehabilitation of Gobbe-Sabz, Iran
Full text linkGobbe-Sabz (Green Cupola) is one of the most important and prominent buildings in Kerman, Iran, dating back to the Qara-khitai dynasty (1222–1306 AD). It was a huge complex of buildings that was almost totally destroyed in an earthquake. Every building during its lifecycle from creation to deterioration acquires values that are important in making any decision about restoration. Brandi’s theory of restoration considers ruins as a work of art, claiming that they are the result of a unique, creative process. He asserts it is necessary to have a creative process for restoration to reclaim its significance in the human consciousness. Although there remains only a small part of Gobbe-Sabz, many remarkable heritage values have been added over time that could be helpful in the creative process for its conservation. The present situation of Gobbe-Sabz precludes rebuilding it as active and complete architecture, determining the process of rehabilitating its original condition. Moreover, some heritage values and meanings have been added to it across the years which are a collection of ideas and concepts that can be useful in deciding the conservation process. In this regard, this research proposes conservation strategies and a conceptual framework for the rehabilitation of the historic ruins based on their current situation.Gobbe-Sabz (Cupola verde) è una delle costruzioni più importanti di Kerman, in Iran, risalente alla dinastia Qara-khitai (1222–1306 d.C.). Era costituito da un enorme complesso di edifici che fu quasi completamente distrutto da un terremoto. Ogni edificio durante il suo ciclo di vita dalla ideazione al deterioramento acquisisce valori importanti fondamentali per progettare il restauro. La teoria del restauro di Brandi considera le rovine come un’opera d’arte, sostenendo che esse sono il risultato di un processo unico e creativo. Afferma che è necessario un processo creativo per il restauro al fine di restituire il suo significato nella coscienza umana. Sebbene rimanga solo una piccola parte di Gobbe-Sabz, nel tempo sono stati aggiunti molti valori culturali che potrebbero essere utili nel processo creativo per la sua conservazione. L’attuale situazione di Gobbe-Sabz preclude la ricostruzione come architettura attiva e completa, determinando il processo di ripristino della sua condizione originale. Inoltre, alcuni valori e significati storici sono stati aggiunti nel corso degli anni. Questi forniscono una raccolta di idee e concetti che possono essere utili nel decidere il processo di conservazione. A tal proposito, questa ricerca propone strategie di conservazione e un quadro concettuale per la valorizzazione delle rovine storiche in base alla loro situazione attuale
The Muqarnas Ceiling of the Palatina Chapel in Palermo
Full text linkSt. Peter’s Basilica inside the Royal Palace of Palermo, known as the Palatina Chapel, is one of the most popular medieval monuments in Sicily. Built between 1130 and 1163, it contains interesting wooden framings that represent both bearing and finishing structures.Studies about the Arab-Norman church have often concentrated on the very rich and suggestive decorative mosaic apparatus of walls and floorings, as well as the pictorial cycle of wooden ceilings. Knowledge about the constructive techniques adopted and, in particular, about the realization of the coverings, is very limited: there are wooden floors built at different levels, vaults and wooden ceilings and among these is the portion that covers the main nave, housing the muqarnas decorations.The fortunate coincidence of the restoration building yard made it possible to gain precious knowledge of this extraordinary wooden structure, also through a laser scanning survey of a significant area of the wooden ceiling, performed with a low range device. The collected data adequately represent the geometry and the state of conservation of the ceiling and have been used to develop a spatial and geometrical analysis of the muqarnas and relate it to the structural layout.The survey of the internal and external sides of the covering enabled us to investigate further the materials and constructive techniques employed in this ancient wooden ceiling. At the same time, we were also able to document the original structural system and the completion parts, its conservation status and the interventions and modifications it has undergone through many centuries
The Role of Industrial Research in the Field of Cultural Heritage
Full text linkThis paper reports on several activities carried out in Italy in the restoration of cultural heritage by the following industries: Eni, Rhone Poulenc, Syremont, Mapei and CIR. Their activities, in this particular sector, involve the development of new chemical products for the restoration of architectural and monumental heritage, diagnostic analyses to characterize deterioration and the financing of conservation and restoration work
Polychrome ceramics, artistic diagnosis and resulting ambiances in a Marinid Mosque, Algeria
Full text linkThe study and research described in this paper aims to reveal the unexplored aesthetical role of colors used for the ceramics in a mosque from the Marinid dynasty in Tlemcen, Algeria. The methodological approach consists firstly, of a formal analysis of the mosque’s artwork by describing its elements and composition and related principles.Secondly, the patterns and geometries are analyzed in-depth using artistic color concepts and laws of color contrast. The analysis demonstrates that the contrasts between bright, pure and dynamic colors provide luminosity, dynamism, rhythm, brightness and an optical mix. The color contrasts are also found to provide visual illusions of mass, volume or movement, as well as depth and relief that ultimately result in influencing the overall ambience of the mosque. The study thus enables the chromatic authenticity of this architectural heritage to be preserved by providing the necessary data for potential conservation, as well as providing a basis for innovative principles in expressing contemporary architecture
Use and Efficacy of Thermography for Stratigraphic Analysis of Historical Buildings
Full text linkThe use of thermography made it possible to investigate an ancient church viewed from a historical perspective, in order to learn more about its construction characteristics. This non-destructive diagnostic technique enabled a stratigraphic investigation of the structures in elevation to be conducted, resulting in the acquisition of new information and confirming the validity of its use in this complex field of application.This initial phase of knowledge acquisition provided an opportunity to propose a line of study to be conducted through the application of various instruments and techniques, starting with thermography, in accordance with a rational order. Instrumental results of the investigations as they are carried out, might suggest the location of points in which to continue with subsequent investigations, while at the same time defining appropriate guidelines in assessing the results.L’uso della termografia ha permesso di studiare un’antica chiesa vista da una prospettiva storica, per saperne di più sulle sue caratteristiche costruttive. Questa tecnica diagnostica non distruttiva ha permesso di condurre un’indagine stratigrafica delle strutture in elevazione, ottenendo l’acquisizione di nuove informazioni e confermando la sua validità in questo complesso campo di applicazione. Questa fase iniziale dell’acquisizione delle conoscenze ha offerto l’opportunità di proporre una linea di studio da condurre attraverso l’applicazione di vari strumenti e tecniche, a partire dalla termografia, secondo un ordine razionale. I risultati strumentali delle indagini man mano che vengono eseguiti possono suggerire l’ubicazione dei punti in cui continuare le successive indagini, definendo allo stesso tempo linee guida appropriate per la valutazione dei risultati
Design Between Art, Technologies and Science
No full textDesign, understood as the planning and realizing of a project for a complex, material or conceptual object, has acquired diversified meanings over the years. Among them, designer objects, expressed by the civilization that created them, bear witness to the close relationship existing between goods and works of art. Consequently, design, as an expression of creativity, is a point of convergence for beauty of form, technology and functionality and thus, for art and science
Alien Insect Impact on Cultural Heritage and Landscape: an Underestimated Problem
Full text linkThe impact of alien invasive insects on cultural heritage and landscapes is very often neglected; even though, more than 50% of species that threaten cultural heritage in Europe are of exotic origin. In addition they are more aggressive. Several examples and a description, are given of the most dangerous alien insects present in heritage sites that constitute a risk for the conservation of cultural property: museum collections, libraries, archives and historic buildings. Globalisation has increased this phenomenon but traces of the accidental introduction of insect pests have occurred since Roman times. The paper discusses the need to implement an estimation of the costs that arise from the damage caused by these species and the lack of specific legislative aspects.L’impatto degli insetti alieni sui beni culturali e sul paesaggio e spesso sottovalutato, sebbene più del 50% delle specie dannose per beni culturali in Europa sono di origine esotica. Si fornisco diversi esempi ed informazioni di queste introduzioni e si illustrano possibili soluzioni anche legislative. Si evidenzia pure documentate notizie che eventi simili si sono manifestati anche in tempi lontani quale il periodo dell’antico romano. Viene discussa la necessità di implementare la stima dei costi dovuti ai danni create da queste specie e la mancanza di aspetti legislative specifici
Blue-Biotechnology e la pulitura biologica di manufatti storico-artistici
Full text linkThe search for novel cleaning strategies in restoration procedures is growing fast. One innovation/innovative breakthrough in cleaning procedures is represented by the use of enzymes. This is due to the fact that their action is highly selective and they effectively remove undesired layers without adversely affecting the constituent or surrounding materials of the artifact undergoing treatment. In this study we present the results of tests performed by a new set of enzymatic proteins, esterases, extracted from marine organisms, for the bio-removal of Paraloid B72.La ricerca di nuove strategie di pulitura è in costante crescita, trovando applicazione in molte procedure di restauro. Possiamo affermare che il ricorso a proteine enzimatiche, utilizzate in questi decenni, rappresenta un’innovazione nel campo della pulitura, poiché gli enzimi agiscono selettivamente sugli strati da rimuovere, senza incidere negativamente sui materiali costitutivi del manufatto. In questo studio si presentano i risultati preliminari della bio-rimozione del Paraloid B72 ricorrendo all’uso di un nuovo set di proteine enzimatiche, esterasi, estratte da organismi marini
