416 research outputs found
Sort by
L’integrazione dei saperi “della mente, del cuore e delle mani” nelle scienze e nella vita: genio e normalità
Full text linkRestoration of the Frieze by Aristide Sartorio in the Chamber of Deputies of the Italian Parliament
Full text linkIn 1897, the architect Ernesto Basile was commissioned to design the new Chamber in the Italian Parliament. Basile visualised a long painted frieze crowning the Chamber. The assignment was given to the painter Aristide Sartorio who executed it between 1908 and 1911. The frieze is 105 meters long, 3.75 high, and consists of 50 panels painted on canvas. In 1998 the frieze was examined closely and several problems regarding its state of conservation became evident, such as the loss of elasticity of the canvas and the widespread tendency of the paint film to become detached. In order to study the problem and plan the restoration for the entire frieze, it was decided to do a pilot restoration on only one of the 50 panels. The restoration was carried out in an equipped environment inside the Parliament, during the period 2003- 2004. Based on the studies carried out over the two years, it was possible to plan the restoration of the entire frieze, which was completed in one year: from 2006 to 2007. The panels were taken to a Roman studio exclusively dedicated to this restoration. It was not possible to do the restoration in situ as it would have created a disturbance in the working of the Parliament. The panels painted by Sartorio with a particular technique based on oil and wax, were treated with BEVA 371, reactivated with heat using a flat, low pressure table, and with a heated curved low pressure table specially designed by us. Using the same system and cloth bands, the edges of the panels were reinforced and then placed on their original frames. Finally, the veil of greasy particulate matter that had deposited over a century was removed. The restoration, directed by the Architectural Superintendency of Rome, was preceded and accompanied by numerous scientific research studies on the colors, canvas, color medium, wood and microclimate of the frieze. An extensive detailed color photographic documentation recorded all the phases of the restoration
Biotechnology a Source of Knowledge in Agreement with Green Strategies for the Conservation of Cultural Assets
Full text linkIn this study, conservative strategies are applied in order to limit any irreversible damage and to characterize and quantify microbial colonization that may induce the deterioration of constitutive heritage materials; subsequently, suitable antimicrobial interventions are performed based on the use of biotechnology. This paper presents a summary of the basic and applied biotechnology research developed in the Laboratory of Biology and Biotechnology for Cultural Heritage (LaBBCH, University of Palermo, Italy). It shows that biotechnology has an evidently important role in the preservation and restoration of cultural assets, also taking into consideration that “Prevention is better than cure”, a milestone in the field of human health that can be shifted and applied to the “cure and preservation” of cultural assets. Moreover, biotechnological tools offer great potential for application, thanks to the increasing interaction between the worlds of art and science, thus opening the way for advanced innovation in the conservation and restoration field of art works
Mobile Cultural Heritage Apps for the Digital Literacy of the Dayak Tribe, Borneo, Indonesia
Full text linkDigital mobile devices and cultural heritage should be framed within the traditional knowledge management system as an informal learning tool in supporting cultural digital literacy to help build a comprehensive picture of a nation's identity. To this end, the paper develops a mobile cultural heritage application for the traditional knowledge management system of the Dayak tribe in Borneo. The method for its development refers to the 5R Architecture Framework. Information contents for the knowledge management system refer to the cultural heritage domain in UNESCO and the domain of the Indonesian Archipelago Culture Initiatives (IACI) organization. The result was the development of a prototype of a mobile cultural heritage app. It was presented to demonstrate how the use of a cultural framework can offer insight into how 5R adaptation features and IACI content are able to complement traditional cultural heritage pedagogies by providing mobile learning at the Right Time, in the Right Location, to the Right Users, with the right Device and the Right Content
A New Educational Escape-Room-Based Model for the Sustainable Valorization and Management of Cultural and Natural Heritage
Full text linkBased on the model of the “escape room” game, the activity proposed in this paper centres on the historical site of one of the fiercest battles of the Spanish Civil War (February 1937). The battle site is in the area of Rivas-vaciamadrid, the focal point of the Francoist and Republican camps, which connected the centre of Madrid with one of the city’s most important logistics and military facilities, Alcalà de Henares. The study proposes a new way to use the site and, in particular, proposes a live game aimed at involving different types of participants, aligning it with their specific profiles, whether children, adults or scholars. Its main aim is to propose an activity for the sustainable valorization of this heritage and to raise awareness in participants about this significant piece of history as well as its preservation in the long-term. It should be kept in mind that “Los pueblos que desconocen su Historia están condenados a repetirla”, i.e. “Those who do not know their history are doomed to repeat it”.The Rivas-vaciamadrid site is also a source of information and study regarding geological, natural and historical-artistic aspects. One example is the Porphyrio porphiyrio (western swamphen), present in the ecosystem of Rivas-vaciamadrid, which has a noteworthy past having been depicted in the mosaics of both the "Villa Romana del Casale" in Sicily and the Church of "San Vitale", in Ravenna, Italy as well as being reported in writings by Aristotle and Pliny the Elder
Ibo Island in the Quirimbas Archipelago. An Architectural Heritage Within a Natural Heritage
Full text linkThis paper presents the method adopted in the study of Ibo, a small island of the Quirimbas Archipelago in northern Mozambique. Ibo is part of a larger study, begun in 2004 which is still ongoing. In the first phase, the author's attention was focused on the restoration of the historic architecture built with coral limestone. But very soon it became evident that it was necessary to study the context in which these coral architectures were built. After a few years of careful observation, it was apparent that coral stone architecture is strongly conditioned by the knowledge and conservation of the natural environment in which it is built. And in the case of Ibo, the beauty of its heritage and its conservation lies in the delicate balance between architecture and nature
Using Interdisciplinary Studies and Analyses in the Conservation of Greco-Roman Cartonnage
Full text linkThis paper describes the multi-analytical techniques and treatment processes that were undertaken in the conservation of two deteriorated cartonnages of the Greek- Roman period. Due to the lack of cartonnage specialists and the complicated nature of the restoration process, cartonnages within Egyptian museums and storage areas suffer from neglect and various other problems. The issue of cartonnage restoration is, so far, still a subject of scientific controversy. The research described in this paper dealt with the conservation and restoration of two mummy cartonnages found in Saqqara. Damage factors were identified and a biological study was conducted aimed at identifying the microorganisms that had led to biological infection. Furthermore, spot-stains caused by using resin in the mummification process were also inspected. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction and Infrared (FTIR) results revealed the cartonnage components. It is clear from the spectra obtained with the blue colored sample that Egyptian blue was used. The white pigment composition appears as a combination of calcite and as calcium silicate mixed with aluminum silicate. FTIR revealed the presence of three layers of linen textile, which were made of layers of linen, and sometimes of papyrus, and mounted using animal glue. After examining the condition of the cartonnages and studying the results of the previous analysis, a treatment and restoration plan was developed and applied. Treatments included: strengthening the colors and weak parts, cleaning, removal of previous restoration materials and replacing the missing parts as well as preparing two new display holders.Questo documento descrive le tecniche multi-analitiche e i trattamenti che sono stati intrapresi nella conservazione di due cartonaggi deteriorati del periodo greco-romano. A causa della mancanza di specialisti di cartonnage e della natura complicata del processo di restauro, i cartonnages all’interno dei musei e delle aree di stoccaggio egiziani sono in cattivo stato di conservazione. La questione del restauro del cartonnage è, finora, ancora oggetto di controversie scientifiche. La ricerca descritta in questo documento ha riguardato la conservazione e il restauro di due mummie di cartonaggi trovati a Saqqara. Sono stati identificati i fattori di danno e uno studio biologico è stato condotto per identificare i microrganismi che avevano portato all’infezione biologica. Inoltre, sono state ispezionate anche macchie di macchie causate dall’uso di resina nel processo di mummificazione. La microscopia elettronica a scansione (SEM-EDX), i risultati della diffrazione ai raggi X e dell’infrarosso (FTIR) hanno rivelato i componenti del cartonnage. È chiaro dagli spettri ottenuti con il campione di colore blu che è stato utilizzato il blu egiziano. La composizione del pigmento bianco appare come una combinazione di calcite e come silicato di calcio mescolato con silicato di alluminio. FTIR ha rivelato la presenza di tre strati di tessuto di lino, che erano fatti di strati di lino e talvolta di papiro e montati con colla animale. Dopo aver esaminato le condizioni dei cartonnages e studiato i risultati dell’analisi precedente, è stato sviluppato e applicato un piano di trattamento e ripristino. Trattamenti: rinforzo dei colori e parti deboli, pulizia, rimozione dei materiali di restauro precedenti, sostituzione delle parti mancanti e preparazione di due nuovi supporti
Identification and Control of Damaging Microorganisms in Manuscripts of Central Tabriz Library, Iran
Full text linkA large number of historical artifacts have low resistance to pests since they are made of organic substances. Such works can be consumed by several living organisms and can often be an ideal environment for micro-organisms to grow, particularly when favorable conditions such as appropriate climate and absence of light are present.The way in which manuscripts are stored in archives, such as shelves, acid-free boxes and relative temperature control, means that both humidity and aerosols can play a determining role in their safety. Considering the principle of the priority of conservation over restoration, several measures should be adopted for the safety and authenticity of the works, which will also lead to a decrease in restoration costs.The Central Tabriz Library possesses a precious collection consisting of several thousand volumes of valuable books, authentic documents and lithographic books. It is worth noting that the first hand-written work from Iran to be registered on the UNESCO Memory of the World Heritage list was, “Vaghf Nameh Rab'-e Rashidi,” the Deed of Endowment of the Rab' i-Rashidi. The document is a historical manuscript book authored by Sheikh Rashid al-din Fazlollah and is regarded as a part of this collection.Un gran numero di beni culturali sono vulnerabili ai parassiti poiché sono costituiti da sostanze organiche. Tali beni possono essere deteriorati da diversi organismi viventi e spesso possono, loro stessi, essere un ambiente ideale per la crescita dei microrganismi. in particolare quando sono presenti condizioni climatiche favorevoli e assenza di luce.La modalità di conservazione dei manoscritti svolge un ruolo determinante per la loro tutela. Considerando il principio della priorità della conservazione rispetto al restauro, dovrebbero essere adottate diverse misure preventive, che porterebbero anche a una diminuzione dei costi di restauro.La Biblioteca centrale di Tabriz possiede una preziosa collezione composta da diverse migliaia di volumi pregiati, documenti autentici e libri litografici. La biblioteca conserva il primo documento scritto in Iran: il “Vaghf Nameh Rab'-e Rashidi, Deed of Endowment of the Rab' i-Rashidi”. Il manoscritto di cui è autore Sheikh Rashid al-din Fazlollah è inserito nella lista del patrimonio dell’umanità UNESCO
The Stepping Stone to Greater Impact for Quality Journals is “Influence”; it is about Discoverability and Usage
Full text linkAlthough publishers and authors hope to see their publications having an impact in the discipline, focusing only on the quality of the published articles may not guarantee the desired impact. Papers should also respond to principles of quality not only from a scientific point of view, as it is also very important to understand and capitalize on the critical phases that lead to usage — namely ensuring exposure and discoverability of the publications by the target audience. Apart from partnering with subscription agents that offer value-added services for online publications to ensure that linking to full text is accurate and stable, full-text databases also offer an effective channel to bring high-quality journal contents to a target audience that may eventually cite the consulted articles in their own researches. Nonetheless, the publisher, and at times the editor-in-chief, also wants to make sure that the full-text databases they work with are not going to bring a negative impact on the journal subscription. Therefore, it is critical that publishers look to partners that support all areas of their business in an optimal way. This is what has been achieved across the years by the Journal “Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage” which has had excellent results in its dissemination and scientific content
Role of the Open-Air Museum in the Conservation of the Rural Architectural Heritage
Full text linkThe world is changing faster than ever. In this context and with the dizzying speed of changes in modern life, which has separated people from nature, they are seeking to return to a closer relationship with their environment. Creating open-air museums is part of a human effort to meet these innate demands. Nowadays, there are various museums that are not limited to specific subjects and works but involve a series of houses gathered from different locations for a variety of reasons and installed elsewhere. Along with the attempt to reconstruct the original form of the village, city or industrial area, other sections have been added. In addition to familiarizing people with their past and their ancestors, these museums provide a variety of programs for present and future audiences. In this paper, we investigated the origin, the foundation, and the evolution process of open-air museums in different countries. Also, we reviewed the role of open-air museums in the physical conservation of rural architectural heritage. We answered the questions: why create an open-air museum and are there any harmful effects if we isolate these buildings from their original premises or transfer these houses to another location? The results indicated that despite the damage to the originality of the work, transfer to different locations is one of the best ways to save and conserve them. A descriptive-analytical method was used with documentary and field tools. This paper involves applied research and provides information about open-air museums.Il mondo sta cambiando più velocemente che mai. In questo contesto e con la vertiginosa velocità dei cambiamenti nella vita moderna, che ha separato le persone dalla natura, si sta cercando di tornare a una relazione più stretta con l’ambiente. Creare musei all’aperto è parte di uno sforzo umano per soddisfare queste esigenze innate. Al giorno d’oggi, ci sono vari musei che non si limitano a specifiche materie e opere ma coinvolgono una serie di case provenienti da luoghi diversi per una varietà di motivi e installati altrove. Insieme al tentativo di ricostruire la forma originale del villaggio, della città o dell’area industriale, sono state aggiunte altre sezioni. Oltre a familiarizzare le persone con il loro passato e i loro antenati, questi musei offrono una varietà di programmi per il pubblico presente e futuro. In questo articolo, abbiamo studiato l’origine, la fondazione e il processo di evoluzione dei musei all’aperto in diversi paesi. Inoltre, abbiamo esaminato il ruolo dei musei all’aperto nella conservazione del patrimonio architettonico rurale. Abbiamo risposto alle domande: perché creare un museo all’aperto e se ci sono effetti dannosi se isoliamo questi edifici dai loro contesti originali o trasferiamo queste case in un altro luogo?I risultati hanno indicato che, nonostante il danno in origine, il trasferimento in luoghi diversi è uno dei modi migliori per salvarli e conservarli. È stato utilizzato, con strumenti documentali e sul campo, un metodo descrittivo-analitico. Questo documento riguarda la ricerca applicata e fornisce informazioni sui musei all’aperto