Jurnal Jaffray
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Ethnotheology Studies Concerning the Substance of Folk Religion as Local Theology of the Tugutil Ethnic in Halmahera Towards Contextual Ministry
No full textThis article is an ethnotheological study of the substance of Folk Religion as Local Theology of the Tugutil Ethnic in Halmahera Island, North Maluku Province, Indonesia. This study examines and describes the elements of folk religion, namely beliefs about God, humans, sin and salvation as the fundamental beliefs of traditional societies with animism-dynamism patterns. The research was carried out using a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach. The results of this study show that the local theology of the Tugutil ethnicity regarding Jou Ma Dutu as God. He was the creator and owner of the universe; trichotomous human nature o roehe-o gikiri-o gurumini; the human reality that is o baradoha ma nyawa which only causes the instability of the universe and disturbances to the ancestral spirits. Likewise, the concept of salvation they believe in is present and pragmatic, which does not give place to futuristic eternal life. The final result of this study shows that by examining deeply folk religion, the local theology was adopted by the Tugutil ethnic group. It becomes a consideration for implementing sociocultural approaches and contextual ministry, both spiritual and social ministry, for the Tugutil ethnic group as one of the isolated community groups in Indonesia
Unnalli Melo's Theology and Peace Study on the Concept and Reality of Peace in Toraja Culture
No full textThis essay aims to examine the reality of peace in Toraja. In the last ten years have been surrounded by conflicts in neighbouring areas. The type of research is a qualitative approach with ethnography methods. This research aims to look for virtue in Toraja human nature, the environment, oneself, and God or all at once. This research seeks to explain, evaluate, and study the portrait of the encounter of the peaceful reality of Toraja culture with the most significant importance of peace in the Bible. It can be concluded that the unique moral qualities in the minds of the Torajan people can be interpreted as the interconnectivity of values in the cosmic integrity of the Toraja people. The monumental work of translating the Bible into Sura' Madatu became the shaper of a new character. The expression to love the enemy is one of the ultimate values in the teachings of Jesus and shocks many people.
Pastoral Strategies for the Loneliness Epidemic of the Digital Generation
No full textIn the frenzy of technological advances and the massive capabilities of social media, it turns out that there is a dangerous space that this generation often doesn't realize, namely loneliness. Since the discovery of internet technology, lonely sufferers have experienced a spike among digital people. They often feel lonely and seemingly asymptomatic. If pastoral stewardship does not address this problem, the digital generation is bound to feel lonely and depressed, which can lead to suicide. They experience a decreased quality of life despite being in the church and parental care. The question is, what are the causes and effects of this problem of loneliness? What practical steps can shepherds take? And what kind of pastoral strategy is there to tackle the loneliness epidemic ravaging the digital generation? The purpose of this study is [1] to describe the causes and adverse effects of loneliness problems. [2] Describe simply practical steps a shepherd can take in dealing with loneliness. [3] Describe her pastoral and stewardship strategies that a solution to the problem of loneliness among this digital generation. The method used in this research is Systematic Literature Review (SLR) for journal papers published in 2016-2021. Contribution of this research ; [1] For spiritual practitioners and educators who are directly related to recovery from the loneliness of the digital generation, [2] as a reference for pastoral teams and pastoral candidates in local church stewardship, [3] practical steps for parents in overcoming loneliness problems digital child they experienced
Eudaimonism: Juxtaposition to the Concept of the Last Judgment on Matthew 25:31-46
No full textThe concept of “last judgment” means punishment for the wicked and reward for the righteous with the ultimate goal of human life. Philosophers’ theories sometimes contradict the contents of the Bible. Does eudaimonism go against the Bible or support each other? This study endeavours to cultivate a deeper insight into Aristotle’s happiness theory-eudaimonia juxtaposed with the pericope in Matthew about the final judgment. With a literature review approach, this qualitative method interpreted the narrative through several stages. Eudaimonia walks in rhythm with the concept of the final judgment in Matthew 25:31–46. Eudaimonia is about doing virtue as a self-maximizing potential to achieve the ultimate goal of human life, which is judged by reason as a demand of someone’s current situation with the assumption that leads to the truth. Matthew 25:31-46 reveals that the determination of “last judgment” is judged through practical religion by sharing Jesus’ friendship “today” through virtue with those who hunger and thirst for truth. Those who do it will receive the kingdom of God, and those who do not will be thrown into eternal fire
The Functional Characterization of Pilate and the Kingship of Jesus in John 18-19
No full textScholars generally interpret the character of Pilate (John 18-19) in terms of his personality traits. He is seen either as having a strong character or a weak one. This article seeks to understand his character differently by seeing his function within the narrative of John 18-19. This article argues that John employs Pilate as his narrative medium to ironically and gradually depict Jesus’s kingship over the Jews and show his kingship as superior to the Roman emperor
Exploring the Spiritual Struggles of God’s Servant in the Book of Jonah
No full textThis article focuses on the spiritual struggles of Jonah, as narrated in the book bearing his name. While negative evaluations of Jonah's character have dominated recent scholarly work (for example, as a disobedient, stubborn, nationalistic prophet or anti-hero), this article argues that such categorizations are too simplistic and flat. Jonah is, instead, a complex, round character who dares to disobey and argue with God in the course of his struggle to understand and respond to God's attributes and purposes. Throughout Jonah's book, we see God's patience and mercy at work as he commissioned, disciplined, rescued, recommissioned, and educated Jonah. The article includes an inductive summary of the words and actions of Jonah, a literature review, a re-reading of the text in dialogue with scholarly voices focused on the spiritual struggle of the prophet, and a discussion of key pastoral implications for the calling, discernment and character formation of those in Christian ministry
Analysis of Theodicy Concepts and Its Relevance during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic problem raises many questions, whether the pandemic exists because of human sin? Is this suffering from God? Does God allow this to happen? If God is love, why should this pandemic occur? And various other kinds of questions. The purpose of this study is to find relevant values of theodicy concepts during the COVID-19 pandemic. This method uses qualitative research methods on the seven selected theodicy concepts and the latest research journals' results. Comprehensive results are obtained from the seven angles view of theodicy concepts relevant during the COVID-19 pandemic. From the study results, it can be concluded that the values of each theodicy concept studied gave appropriate contributions during the COVID-19 pandemic
The Pietist Revival’s Implications for Church Ministry in the Post-Pandemic Church
No full textThis article contends that the Pietist revival of the seventeenth century provides a “usable past” that the contemporary church, currently reeling from the global Covid-19 pandemic, can learn from. It chronicles how the Pietist movement was born out of major disruption, rediscovered vital Biblical emphases and methods such as the common priesthood doctrine, the spiritual giftedness of all God’s people, and small-group spiritual formation. Such emphases inspired many Pietists to improve the church’s moral and spiritual life, ameliorate society’s most pressing social problems, and evangelize their neighbors and new people groups. This article closes by exploring how Pietism’s most vital emphases and methods might be appropriately applied in the post-pandemic church. The goal is that the post-pandemic church will emerge healthier and more vibrant than the contemporary and pre-pandemic church
Learning from The Leadership of Boaz in The Book of Ruth
No full textThis article addresses the study of the leadership of Boaz in the book of Ruth by using the leadership concept of Peter G. Northouse. Based on Northouse's concept, Boaz is an ideal and effective leader who can perform both as assigned and emergent leaders. The keys to the success of Boaz's leadership are his character and skills. First, this article will define the leadership concept of Peter G. Northouse. Northouse identifies the nature of leadership as an assigned leadership and emergent leadership. He also explains the powers that associate with the types of leadership. The appointed leadership has position power which consists of legitimate, reward, information, and coercive power. Emergent leadership has personal power that includes referent and expert power. Second, this article will examine the character of Boaz in the book of Ruth through the lens of the nature of leadership as an assigned leadership and emergent leadership. An observation of how Boaz performs the many types of power as an appointed leader and an emergent leader. Finally, this article will conclude how the leadership of Boaz is. Boaz is an ideal and effective leader who can perform both as an assigned and emergent leader. The keys to the success of Boaz's leadership are his character and skills
Rereading of The Sabbath Law (Exodus 20: 8-11) as A Response to Modern Slavery Issue
No full textThis research was motivated by concerns about the problem of modern slavery. The author will interpret Exodus 20:8-11 on the Sabbath to respond to the issue of slavery. The method of interpretation that will be used is deconstruction and social criticism. The use of the social criticism method sees the text as a practice of discourse that is ideologically charged and has specific interests. The text is not neutral but rather is advocating. In the text itself, two social groups conflict with each other. The interpretation of the existing Sabbath is interpreted normatively, legalistically, ritualistically, sociologically, theologically and eschatologically. The results of reinterpreting the Sabbath using a deconstructive method show that the Sabbath has been abolished because every day is interpreted as a forced workday. Forced labour is driven by fear and worry. The Sabbath was forgotten for political and economic motives. The Sabbath was abolished because time was money, so people were traded and enslaved for the sake of making money. The reinterpretation of the Sabbath text with the method of social criticism finds the theological meaning of the Sabbath. The God of the Sabbath is described as the forerunner of the liberation of slavery throughout the ages. God’s Sabbath-keeping people today have a liberation mission to help people who are victims of modern slavery