Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan - Indonesian Journal of Veterinary Sciences
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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF hCG IN THE DYNAMICS OF FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE OF SUPEROVULATED ACEH CATTLE OVARIES USING PREGNANT MARE SERUM GONADOTROPINS
Full text linkThis study aimed to determine the biopotency of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) in stimulating the formation of dominant follicles and the biopotency of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in triggering an increase in the ovulation rate of the natural-estrus donor group and the prostaglandin F2 (PGF2) induced group using female Aceh cattle (n= 20) which were divided into two treatment groups: the group with natural estrus (A) and the group with PGF2 -induced estrus (B). Each donor group was superovulated using the injection of PMSGhCG (A1, B1) and only PMSG (A2, B2). The observations on total follicles and CL were carried out at D10, D14/D+0 and D21/D+7 using ultrasonography (USG). The results showed that PMSG gave a better superovulatory response to the development of dominant follicles (P0.01) at A1, A2, B1, and B2. The administration of hCG hormone 2000 IU i.m. was not able to increase the rate of ovulation. Total follicles after the addition of hCG were also not significantly different between A1:A2 and B1:B2. Statistically, the number of CL in all donor groups in D21 was not significantly different (P0.05). It concluded, superovulation using PMSG gave the same results to the donor cows with natural estrus and the donor cows with PGF2-induced estrus. The hCG hormone with a dose of 2000 IU injected i.m. was also not able to increase the ovulation rate of Aceh cattle superovulated with PMSG 2500 IU i.m. ___________________________________________________
EFFECT OF SPECIES AND SEASON ON LAMINITIS PREVALENCE IN SEMEN-DONOR BULLS
Full text linkThe objective of this study is to determine the effect of species, season, and their interaction on laminitis prevalence in three semen-donor bull species in the Artificial Insemination Centre under tropical conditions. The average prevalence in each species (Bos taurus, Bos indicus, and Bos sondaicus) was calculated based on the number of monthly incidents compared to the current population during 2020, while the two-way ANOVA was used to determine the effect of species, seasons (wet and dry season) and species-season interactions to the prevalence of laminitis. The average prevalence in Bos taurus, indicus, and sondaicus during dry season was 7.5821.841%, 1.1901.844%, 0.4511.103%, and during wet season was 8.5214.808%, 1.2621.960%, 0.4511.103% respectively. This study revealed that Bos taurus bull species more susceptible to laminitis compared to Bos indicus and Bos sondaicus. However, there is no influence of seasons and interactions between seasons and species on laminitis prevalence. In conclusion, this study has proven that laminitis can occur in all semen-donor bull species despite differences in susceptibility, species, or season
INFLUENCE OF ZINGIBER ZERUMBET EXTRACTS AS FEED ADDITIVE ON PERFORMANCE, CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS AND INHIBITION OF ESCHERICHIA COLI BACTERIA OF COMMERCIAL BROILER CHICKENS
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to evaluate administration of Zingiber zerumbet (Z. zerumbet) extracts on performances, carcass characteristics and Echerichia coli (E. coli) bacteria of commercial broiler chickens. One hundred day old CP 707 broiler chickens (mixed sex) were randomly distributed into 20 floor pens with four treatments and five replicates. Each group of broilers was treated with diffrent level of Z. zerumbet extracts in drinking water (P0= control, P1= 0.025 % in drinking water, P2= 0.050 % in drinking water and P3= 0.075 % in drinking water). Broiler chickens were fed commercial diet based on nutrition requirement for starter and grower. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. Body wright of chickens and feed were recorded weekly. All data were recorded to measure for performances, carcass characteristics and the inhibition of E. coli bacteria. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Statistically differences among treatments were stated with a probablity of P0.05. The results of study indicated that administration of Z. zerumbet extract in drinking water with different concentration up to 4 weeks did not significantly influence (P0.05) on the performances, carcass and giblet characteristics of broiler chickens. The inhibition of E. coli bacteria was significantly affected (P0.05) by inclusion of Z. zerumbet at different concentration. In conclusion, administration of Z. zerumbet in drinking diet had no detrimental effect on animal performance, carcass and giblet characteristics
PRODUCTIVITY AND FRESH SEMEN CHARACTERISTICS OF SIMMENTAL BULL DIFFERENT AGES
Full text linkThis study aimed to determine the effect of age on bulls productivity and fresh semen characteristics of Simmental bull in Indonesia. A total of 1071 data of semen collection and production from four age groups (two years old (yo), four yo, 10 yo with high semen rejection (10 HR), and 10 yo with low semen rejection (10 LR) were used in this study to evaluate the productivity and characteristics of fresh semen. The results showed that the pre-freezing and post-freezing semen rejection rate of 10 HR group was higher (P0.05) than the other groups. The four yo group had the percentage of second semen ejaculation each collection was higher (P0.05) than the other groups. Furthermore, semen volume, sperm concentration, and total sperm concentration significantly increased (P0.05) until four yo and then decreased (P0.05) in 10 yo groups. The 10 HR group had the volume and total sperm concentration significantly different (P0.05) with a group of 10 LR. Total sperm motility, individual motility, and mass movement were lower (P0.05) in 10 HR than the other groups. In conclusion, age differences of bulls can affect the productivity and characteristics of fresh semen
BODY WEIGHT, MUSCLE WIGHT, PROTEIN, DNA AND RNA CONTENTS IN BREAST MUSCLE (M. Pectoralis Major) OF SELECTED LOCAL MEAT CHICKEN FED ON A DIFFERENT LEVEL OF KIAPU (Pistia stratiotes L.) IN FERMENTED DIET
Full text linkThe study to evaluate changes in body weight, muscle weight, muscle protein content and total DNA and RNA on breast muscle of selectedlocal chicken due to different levels of fermented feed containing Kiapu (Pistia stratiotes L.) was conducted using a factorial randomized designfor 7 weeks. This study used 72 selected local chickens, which were separated into 2 groups (male and female) and fed on 3 types of feedtreatment, namely P0 (control treatment with 100% commercial feed), P1 (80% commercial feed + 20% fermented Kiapu feed), and P2 (70%commercial feed + 30% fermented Kiapu feed). Parameters were body weight, muscle weight, muscle protein content and total DNA and RNAon breast muscle of chicken. Total protein, DNA and RNA content were analysed by enzymatic reactions of prokaryotic cell and measured with aUV-Spectrophotometer according to the specified OD (optical density). The results showed that feeding Kiapu fermented 20-30% increased bodyweight and protein content of breast muscle of female chicken by change in DNA content. However, the feeding treatment had no changes inmuscle weight and RNA content of both in male and female chicken. On the other hand, substitution of 20-30% Kiapu fermented feed causednegative changes in DNA level of breast muscle. From this study, it was concluded that substitution of fermented feed containing 20-30% Kiapuassociated with the growth process of breast muscle protein is suitable for female but not suitable for male chicken
EVALUATION OF ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION PROGRAM ON LOCAL CATTLE IN PANTE BIDARI DISTRICT, EAST ACEH REGENCY, ACEH PROVINCE
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to analyze the success of the artificial insemination (AI) program in local cattle in Pante Bidari District, EastAceh Regency, Aceh Province. It was conducted in five villages: Alue Ie Mirah, Buket Bata, Grong-Grong, Meunasah Tunong, and Paya DemamEmpat. The survey method was employed in this study. The respondents were selected by using purposive sampling method. There were 40breeders and 3 inseminators included as the respondents. To be involved in the study, the breeders had to meet certain criteria, such as having anexperience of breeding local cows, at least twice using the AI system. As for the inseminators, they were required to have a permit from the EastAceh Livestock Service. The results showed that the conception rate (CR) was 76.45%; the service per conception (S/C) was 1.22; the calvinginterval (CI) was 12.70 months, and the calving rate (CvR) was 89.92%. This study concluded that the implementation of the artificialinsemination program in Pante Bidari District, East Aceh Regency, has been running effectively
SUBACUTE TOXICITY TEST OF BEACH CABBAGE [Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.] LEAF EXTRACT ON HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE LIVER AND KIDNEYS OF WHITE RATS
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the toxic effects of beach cabbage leaves [Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.]by observing the histopathological changes in the livers and kidneys of male white rats. This study used 20 white rats which were divided into 4 groups: 1 control group and 3 groups receiving treatments in the form of Scaevola taccada leaf ethanolic extract (STLEE) in graded doses (200 mg/kg BW, 400 mg/kg BW, and 600 mg/kg BW). Toxicity test was performed by administering STLEE for 14 days. The results of daily observations showed that the experimental animals experienced diarrhea. Meanwhile, histopathological observations showed the occurrences of hydropic degeneration, fat degeneration, necrotic liver cells, and dilatation of Bowman's capsule in the animals kidney cells. It was concluded that STLEE at a dose of 200 mg/kg BW is safe to use, but is toxic at a dose of 600 mg/kg BW, both to the livers and kidneys
ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF YELLOW ROOT (Arcangelisia flava) ON HEPG2 HEPATOCELLULAR CANCER CELLS
Full text linkThis study aimed to evaluate anticancer activity and apoptosis induction of ethanolic extract of Arcalengisia flava (AF) roots on HepG2 cancer cell lines. The AF roots were extracted by maceration using ethanol 80%. MTT assay method was used to evaluate the anticancer activity and the proliferation of HepG2 cells. Flow cytometry method was used to assess the induction of HepG2 cells apoptosis. This study showed that the IC50 of AF ethanol extract against HepG2 cells was 109.14 g/ml. With IC50 treatment, the apoptosis assay showed a significant decrease in intact cells (80.101.7%) and a significant increase in early apoptosis (7.90.7%) and late apoptosis cells of HepG2 cancer cells (4.90.35%) compared to control cells. Moreover, the proliferation of HepG2 cells was declined significantly in 48 and 72 hours after treatment with IC50 (77.55.76% and 64.35.37%, respectively) and 2xIC50 of the extract (75.91.79% and 70.54.27%, respectively). This research suggests that the ethanolic extract of AF roots can potentially be used for hepatocarcinoma treatment
POPULATION OF Ascaridia galli ACCORDING TO ITS PREDILECTION AFTER BEING TREATED WITH ARECA NUT INFUSION AND ITS ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
Full text linkThis study aims to determine the effectiveness of Areca catechu Crude Aqueous Extract (ACCAE) as an anthelmintic, the number ofAscaridia galli worms in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum after treatment, and an economic analysis. In this study, 50 female chickens wereused. The chickens were divided into 5 groups: Treatment 1, negative control (P1), which was given aquadestylates; treatment 2 (P2), which wasgiven infusion of ACCAE at a dose of 26 mg/mL; treatment 3 (P3), which was given infusion of ACCAE at a dose of 53 mg/mL; treatment 4(P4), which was given ACCAE with a dose of 79 mg/mL; and treatment 5 (P5) (positive control with pyrantel pamoat). Each group consisted of10 chickens. An examination was carried out that included weighing the population of adult worms according to their predilection 14 days aftertreatment. Weighing was carried out at the beginning before treatment, on the 7th day after treatment and on the 14th day after treatment. Thechickens were then euthenized, the intestinal worms were counted, and the economic analysis was calculated. Based on the results of the study, itcan be concluded that the best dose for removing A. galli worms is 79 mg/mL, and the location of the predilection of the intestine where the mostworms are found is the jejunum and the least is in the ileum. Economically, the highest income was obtained from treatment 4, namely the groupwith infusion of areca nut at a dose of 79 mg/mL
MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT Salmonella sp. ISOLATED FROM SEVERAL CHICKEN FARMS IN WEST JAVA, INDONESIA
Full text linkThis study was aimed at isolating and identifying Salmonella sp. and then conducting an antibiotics susceptibility test in order to detect resistant genes. One hundred and five chicken cloaca swab samples were used in this study. 30 samples were taken from a layer farm in Bogor, 45 from a broiler farm in Sukabumi and 30 from a broiler farm in Cianjur. In order to isolate and identify the bacteria, a tetrathionate broth was used, which was then cultured in a Salmonella-Shigella agar, and finally a Gram stain and biochemical test was conducted. To confirm the presence of Salmonella sp., a pair of primers were used for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method to determine the presence of the invA gene.. An antibiotics susceptibility test was used with the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Nine antibiotics were used in this study. Each primer pair was used for the detection of tetA, blaTEM, aac(3)-IV, gyrA and ermB genes, and for genes encoding antibiotic resistance a PCR test was used. Eight (7.6%) Salmonella sp. were isolated in this study. All isolates showed positive results with PCR confirmation. The results of the antibiotics susceptibility test showed that Salmonella sp. isolates were resistant to tetracycline (75%), oxytetracycline (75%), amphicillin (75%), gentamycin (12.5%), nalidixic acid (100%), ciprofloxacin (12.5%), enrofloxacin (0%), erythromycin (100%), and chloramphenicol (0%). The distribution of antibiotic resistance genes in Salmonella sp. were tetA (33.3%), blaTEM (100%), aac(3)-IV (0%), gyrA (100%) and ermB (0%) positive. In conclusion, Salmonella sp. was isolated. All isolates showed positive results in the PCR confirmation. Salmonella sp. isolates were resistant to tetracycline, oxytetracycline, amphicillin, gentamycin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, and erythromycin. Only the tetA, blaTEM, and gyrA genes were detected in Salmonella sp. isolates