Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan - Indonesian Journal of Veterinary Sciences
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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS AND THE DEGREE OF LIVER AND KIDNEY DAMAGE IN DIABETIC ANIMAL MODELS INDUCED BY ALLOXAN, STREPTOZOTOCIN, AND STREPTOZOTOCIN-NICOTINAMIDE
Full text linkThe objective of this study was to assess differences in body weight, blood glucose levels, and liver and kidney tissue damage among rats induced with alloxan, streptozotocin, or streptozotocin-nicotinamide. This was an experimental study using a completely randomized design. The rats were allocated into four experimental groups. Group 1 (KN) was considered as the normal control group, while groups K1, K2, and K3 were induced with streptozotocin (60 mg/kg bw), alloxan (150 mg/kg bw), and nicotinamide (120 mg/kg bw) followed by streptozotocin (60 mg/kg bw), respectively. The compounds were administered intraperitoneally using suitable solvents. Body weight and blood glucose levels were monitored weekly. Upon completion of the study, liver and kidney tissues were harvested and processed for histopathological analysis using hematoxylin-eosin staining. The findings revealed that all diabetic induction models had significantly elevated blood glucose levels compared to the control group. Additionally, there were significantly differences (P0.05) in liver and kidney tissue damage among the groups treated with streptozotocin (STZ), alloxan, and STZnicotinamide. In conclusion, STZ induction produced more consistent hyperglycemia with less tissue damage compared to alloxan, while, nicotinamide co-administration effectively reduced cellular degeneration, suggesting its protective role against diabetes-induced tissue injury
THE EFFECT OF BREED AND BODY CONDITION SCORE ON OVARIAN WEIGHT, NUMBER OF FOLLICLES, AND OOCYTE QUALITY IN RETIRED COWS
Full text linkThe aim of this study was to determine whether breed and body condition score (BCS) can influence ovarian weight, follicle number, and oocyte quality. This study used 90 ovaries from 15 Friesian Holstein crossbreed, 15 Ongole crossbreed, and 15 Limousin crossbreed cows obtained from an abattoir. Before the ovaries were taken, the BCS of the cows was determined. The BCS system used in this study is BCS with a scale of 1 to 5. Ovaries were weighed, follicles were measured and grouped by size (2 mm, 2-6 mm, 6 mm) then counted, oocytes were aspirated from the follicles then observed under a microscope. Oocyte quality was observed and then grouped into grade A, B, C, D based on cumulus oocyte complex (COCs). Data were analyzed using two way ANOVA and chi square test. The results of the analysis showed that breed did not influence ovarian weight, but influenced the number of follicles, and oocyte quality. In Friesian Holstein crossbreed cows, BCS affects ovarian weight, follicle number, and oocyte quality. In Ongole crossbreed cows, BCS had no effect on ovary weight, but did affect follicle number and oocyte quality. In Limousin crossbredcows, BCS had no effect on ovary weight and follicle number, but did affect oocyte quality
SYNCHRONIZATION OF GnRH AND PGF2 ON THE REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE IN ACEH CATTLE
Full text linkThis study aims to determine the effect of administering gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) accompanied by prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2) on the reproductive performance of female Aceh cattle. In this study, eight female Aceh cattle were used, divided into two groups, group I (K1, n= 3) which received estrus synchronization treatment with PGF2 and group II (K2, n= 5) which received estrus synchronization treatment with PGF2 (25 mg/cow) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH, 100 g/cow). GnRH injection in K2 was performed 48 hours after PGF2 injection. The estrus displays measured included onset, duration, and intensity of estrus. Blood collection for estrogen examination was taken from day 1 to day 5 after PGF2 injection, while progesterone examination was taken on days 7, 14, and 21 after artificial insemination. Ovarian response and pregnancy examinations were performed using transrectal ultrasonography (USG). Data on estrus appearance and steroid concentration were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, and differences in pregnancy percentage were analyzed using the chi-square test. In contrast, the number of follicles, dominant follicle diameter, and corpus luteum were analyzed using a split-plot test. Oestrus intensity, oestrus onset, oestrus duration, pregnancy percentage, estrogen and progesterone concentrations, ovarian response in class II follicles, class III follicles, and CL size in K1 vs K2 showed no significant differences (P0.05). The effect of time on ovarian response in class III follicles and CL size showed a significant difference (P0.05). In contrast, the interaction between hormone administration and day of treatment on ovarian response in class II follicles, class III follicles, and CL size showed no significant difference (P0.05). Based on the research results, it was concluded that administration of GnRH accompanied by PGF2 tends to increase the reproductive performance of Aceh cattle
PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE OF QUAIL (Coturnix-coturnix japonica) AND IDENTIFICATION OF IgY CONCENTRATION IN BLOOD SERUM AND YOLK
Full text linkThis research was conducted to provide information on the production performance of quail parent stock and its offspring with various IgY concentrations. A total of 42 female quail parents stock aged five weeks old were used in this study. Five quails were categorized as medium IgY group with concentrations of 431.12-531.87 g/mL and 37 quails were categorized as low IgY group with concentration of 251.87-384.68 g/mL. The variables observed were the production performance such as initial body weight, feed intake, final body weight, body weight gain, number of eggs, egg mass, egg weight, egg laying intensity, feed conversion, morbidity, and mortality rate and IgY concentration of the yolk of the offsprings. Production performance of female quail with different concentrations of IgY was not significantly different (P0.05). IgY concentration of offsprings in egg yolk was also not significantly different (P0.05) in both groups. The results showed that female quails parent stock with low blood IgY showed better production. Meanwhile, female quail parents stock with moderate blood IgY concentrations produced offspring with high-maternal IgY concentrations in yolk
A SURVEY ON ANESTHESIA MANAGEMENT PRACTICE BY SMALL ANIMAL VETERINARIAN IN DKI JAKARTA AND WEST JAVA PROVINCES
Full text linkhis study was designated to the members of the Indonesian Veterinary Medical Association (IVMA) in DKI Jakarta and West Java Province between May and August 2023. The sample size was calculated with the Slovin method which covered 260 respondents with a significance level of 5.4%. Questions was focused mainly on the respondents identity, perianesthesia procedures, and anesthesia topic for continuing professional development. The majority of respondents performed 5 cases of anesthesia per week in dogs (76.9%) and cats (36.2%). Preanesthesia physical examination was carried out by 96% of respondents. Premedication was always given to dogs (66.2%) and cats (63.5%). IV catheter placement was always given in 41.2% of dogs and frequently in 38.5% of cats. Atropine was the most widely used premedication agent (88%) and meloxicam mainly used for analgesic (57%). The induction agent widely used was ketamine (34), while the maintenance agent was isoflurane in dogs (43.5%) and ketamine in cats (37.3%). The anesthesia monitoring tools that are widely used were thermometers (89.6%) and pulse oximeters (38.8%). As conclusion, the majority of respondents were considered to have understood anesthesia management in accordance with recommendations, however, this understanding could be improved through continuing education
THE SEDATIVE STUDY OF TABAR KEDAYAN ROOT ETHANOLIC EXTRACT (Aristolochia foveolate) IN MICE (Mus musculus)
Full text linkThe study was conducted to know the sedation effect of Tabar kedayan (Aristolochia faveolate). Thirty male mice were grouped into six groups, and each group contained five mice which were given six treatments. Group I, II, III, and IV were treated orally with tabar kedayan root ethanolic extract (TKREE) with a single dose of 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight, group V was given chlorpromazine with a dose of 20 mg/kg, and group VI was given distilled water 10 mL/kg of body weight. Based on the analysis, the results of mice falling time for group I, II, III, IV, V, and VI were 238.93101.01, 208.38115.41, 240.69102.19, 276.4268.28, 31.6464.55, and 168.09126.82 seconds, respectively. The groups were significantly different from the positive control group (P0.05). Mice treated with TKREE fell longer than negative and positive controls. Based on these results, the administration of TKREE did not cause a sedation effect on mice; otherwise, may have potential as a stimulant, and studies are needed to provide scientific evidence to support this potential
ANGIOGENESIS ACTIVITY OF Chromolaena odorata L. LEAF EXTRACT GEL IN OPEN WOUNDS INCISION PHASE II OF RATS
Full text linkThis study aims to determine the effect of administering Chromolaena odorata L. leaf extract gel on increasing angiogenesis in the healing of open incisional wounds in rats (Rattus norvegicus). In this study, 27 healthy male rats, aged 3-4 months with a body weight of 150-200 g were used. The rats were anesthetized and incised in the back area with a size of 2x2 cm (WxL) and a depth reaching subcutaneous. The rats were divided into three groups (n= 9), the group only given gel (P0), the group of rats that were given 10% Chromolaena odorata leaf extract gel (P1), and the group of rats that were given 20% Chromolaena odorata leaf extract gel (P2). Collection of wound skin tissue samples for histopathological preparations was carried out on days 3, 7, and 14 after treatment, 3 individuals per group for each collection. The results showed that application of Chromolaena odorata leaf extract gel on P1 and P2 could increase angiogenesis significantly (P0.05) compared to P0 on days 3 and 7, but was not significantly different (P0.05) on day 14. The average angiogenesis in P1 and P2 on day 3 was similar, while on day 7 the average angiogenesis on P1 was significantly different compared to P2. It was concluded that administration of Chromolaena odorata leaf extract gel could increase angiogenesis in rats during phase II of the open incision wound healing process
FMD RAPID DIAGNOSTIC TEST IN ACEH INDONESIA: A TECHNICAL NOTE
Full text linkThis study aims to offer a detailed technical note thorough examination of the pioneering and effectiveness of FMD immediate diagnostic tests in Aceh, Indonesia. We discuss the key components of these tests, including their sensitivity, specificity, and practicality in resource-limited settings. Furthermore, we explore the challenges and opportunities associated with adopting these tests locally and highlight their potential impact on FMD surveillance and control efforts. The findings presented in this technical note contribute to the ongoing efforts to combat FMD in Aceh, providing valuable insights into using rapid diagnostic tests as a vital tool in disease management strategies. The results showed that the FMD rapid diagnostic test kit has limited sensitivity in detecting early clinical signs of FMD in cattle in Aceh. Therefore, Further examination with laboratory molecular detection methods is needed
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COMBINATION OF SNAKEHEAD FISH, TEMULAWAK, AND MENIRAN EXTRACTS ON POST OVARIOHYSTERECTOMY WOUND HEALING IN CATS
Full text linkThis study aims to determine the effectiveness of combination of snakehead fish, ginger and meniran extract (GTM) on healing wounds after ovariohysterectomy (OH) in cats. Twenty healthy female cats aged 1-4 years, weighed 2-4 kg were divided into three groups with different doses of GTM and compared with the group without treatment (n= 5 cats/group). The GTM dose was extrapolated from the human dose using allometric scaling, with the basal dose for G:T:M were 40:3.2:4.8 mg/kg BW (group 1, GTM1x). Treatment groups 2 (GTM2x) and 3 (GTM4x) were given a dose of GTM that was multiplied by 2 and 4 of the basal doses, respectively. OH was performed via a flank approach with the same operator and anesthesia. Discharge, swelling and erythema scores were significantly lower on days 3, 4 and 5 post-operativeamong all GTM groups compared with control. Pain evaluation using Baseline Tactile Semmes Monofilaments showed significantly lower in GTM2x and GTM4x compared to GTM1x and control. The 4A-vet pain scale showed lower pain in GTM2x from 1 to 5 days postoperative. The number of leukocytes, erythrocytes and platelets was in the normal range indicates the absence of postoperative infection. Postoperative albumin levels showed a significantly higher difference in GTM2x compared to control. The treatment given GTM2x showed the fastest healing interval (3.20.44 days). The combination of GTM can reduce pain, reduce wound scores and accelerate post-OH wound healing with the most effective dose was GTM2x. _______________________________________________________________
THE EFFECT OF SUPEROVULATION INDUCTION USING FSH ON INCREASING FSH AND LH CONCENTRATIONS IN NEW ZEALAND WHITE RABBITS
Full text linkThis study aimed to determine the concentrations of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) in New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits after superovulation induction using FSH. Six female NZW rabbits and one male NZW rabbit were used in this study. Criteria for female NZW rabbits used include having previously given birth, not being pregnant, and having a body weight of 2-3 kg. The rabbits were divided into two treatment groups; the first group was injected with physiological NaCl (NZW1, n= 3), while the second group was injected with FSH (NZW2, n= 3). Injections of physiological NaCl or FSH were administered five times at 12-hour intervals and first injection was given at 20:00 p.m. In NZW1, each injection was given physiological NaCl with volumes of 0.2:0.2+0.2;0.4+0.4 mL, respectively whereas in NZW2, each injection was given FSH with doses of 4:4+4:8+8 mg, respectively. Twelve hours after the last FSH injection, NZW2 rabbits were injected with 100 IU hCG and mated with male rabbit, while NZW1 rabbits were mated without hCG administration. On days 1, 3, and 5 after mating, blood samples were collected for FSH and LH hormone examination using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. The FSH concentrations on days 1, 3, and 5 between NZW1 vs NZW2 were 34.781.46 vs 39.753.18; 41.434.90 vs 41.425.14; and 44.471.51 vs 30.130.19 mIU/mL, respectively (P0.05). The LH concentrations on days 1, 3, and 5 between NZW1 vs NZW2 were 33.784.01 vs 40.1812.36; 29.342.24 vs 31.3110.13; and 42.0911.38 vs 30.578.87 mIU/mL, respectively (P0.05). It is concluded that FSH administration does not affect the concentrations of FSH and LH in NZW rabbits. The FSH concentration five days after mating tends to fluctuate, while the LH concentration tends to decrease as the days increased