Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan - Indonesian Journal of Veterinary Sciences
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ACUTE TOXICITY TEST OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF Acalypha hispida LEAVES IN FEMALE RATS: A PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDY
Get PDFThis research aims to evaluate the safety of ethanolic extract of Acalypha hispida (A. hispida) leaves with acute toxicity test using 15 female rats strain Sprague-Dawley. A single dose of different doses of extract (2, 4, 8, and 16 g/kg body weight) was administrated orally, and theobservation was conducted for 14 days. The results revealed that the ethanolic extract of A. hispida leaves was relatively harmless (LD50 16 g/kg BW), did not affect body weight, and did not show clinical signs of toxicity during the observation periods. The parameters of blood serumbiochemistry of all extract-treated groups (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, and urea) did not change significantly compared to the control group. The histological observation of the liver showed a significant increase in eosinophilic cytoplasm and basophilic nuclei at all doses. However, the ethanolic extract of A. hispida leaves did not significantly affect glomerulus/Bowmans capsule ratio, glomerular cell density, and the proportion of normal cell tubule. In conclusion, the ethanolic extract of A. hispida leaves was relatively harmless with LD5016 g/kg BW and seems to be safe in low doses (2 g/kg BW)
KOSAKONIA SP. PROTEOLYTIC BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM RUMEN AND RETICULUM OF ACEH CATTLE
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to identify proteolytic bacteria from the ruminal and reticulum fluids of aceh cattle based on the 16S rRNA gene. Samples used were ruminal and reticulum fluids of aceh cattle slaughtered in Abattoir of Aceh Besar. Samples were diluted and cultured into Skim Milk Agar medium at 39 C for 48 hours. The morphology of bacterial colonies growth in the medium was observed. Colonies resulted in the largest clear zone were isolated and used for Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) isolation, 16S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing. Theresults showed that morphology of dominant colonies was yellowish white color, round shape, position on the agar surface. The results ofphylogenetic analysis of RS1 and ReS2 isolates isolated from rumen and reticulum fluids of aceh cattle respectively had a close familialrelationship and belonged to the bacterial group of Kosakonia. Sequence homology showed isolate RS1 and ReS2 are probably either newEnterobacteriaceae species or unconfirmed species. Halo zone produced by ruminal bacteria had a wider diameter (25 mm vs 20 mm) than thatcaused by reticulum bacteria). Based on the results, RS1 (bacterium in the rumen) and ReS2 (bacterium in the reticulum) belong to similar type, namely Kosakonia sp. with a proteolytic activity. Presumably, these bacteria originate from the rumen that enters the reticulum with degraded feed
DETECTION OF SERUM MACRO MINERALS CONCENTRATION IN REPEAT BREEDING ACEH CATTLE
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to determine the macro minerals concentration in serum of repeat breeding (RB) Aceh cattle. In this study 16 Aceh cattle were examined; they consisted of 7 fertile Aceh cattle (P1) and 9 Aceh cattle with RB (P2), all of which were 3-8 years old with abody condition score (BCS) of 3-4. Serum collection was carried out for examining the level of serum minerals, including magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chloride, and calcium. Data was analysed using T-test. The levels of magnesium, phosphorus, sodium,potassium, chloride, and calcium in P1 vs P2 were 2.180.60 vs. 2.200.34 mg/dL; 6.181.34 vs. 6.480.74 mg/dL; 142.715.09 vs.142.442.29 mmol/L; 4.810.76 vs. 4.760.51 mmol/L; 104.574.35 vs. 107.677.36 mmol/L; and 9.070.45 vs. 9.90 0.60 mg/dL (P0.05), respectively. It was concluded that the concentration of serum macro minerals do not affect the incidence of RB in Aceh cattle
PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF HOOKWORMS INFECTION ON DOGS IN SUKABUMI REGENCY, WEST JAVA PROVINCE, INDONESIA
Get PDFHookworms infection remains as an important parasitic infections affecting animal and human health worldwide. However, information on the prevalence and the risk factors of hookworm infection on dogs in Indonesia is very limited. A cross sectional study to estimate the prevalence and to identify risk factors of hookworms infection on dogs was conducted in rural area with different topography, Sukabumi Regency, Indonesia. A Total of 204 dog stool specimens were examined for hookworm eggs using simple flotation methods. The data of related risk factors namely type of topography area (high and low land), purpose of having dog, dog demography, dog reared management and deworming were collected through dog owners interviews with completed a questionnaire. Those data were analyzed using the chi-square test (2) and logistic regression. The prevalence of hookworm on dogs in Sukabumi was 24.5 % (95% Confidence Interval [CI]=19.1-30.8). This prevalence was associated with topography of the area, the age of dog, and type of dog keeping methods. The prevalence of hookworms was higher in the high land area than low land area (OR=5.935, 95% CI=2.764-12.744 ). Logistic regression identified pupies as a high risk group to hookworms infection (OR= 2.041, 95%CI=1.035-4.055). The dog which kept in the cage/tied had higher risk than free roaming dog (OR=3.66, 95%CI=1.479-9.091).Key words: Dog, hookworms, prevalence, risk factors, Sukabumi
FERTILITY AND FERTILE PERIOD OF DUCK EGGS AFTER ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION WITH MUSCOVY DUCK SEMEN SUPPLEMENTED WITH VITAMIN C AND E
Get PDFThe aim of this research was to investigate the influence of duck variants and addition of vitamins into muscovy duck semen on fertility and fertile period of duck eggs after artificial insemination. Semen was collected from five muscovy ducks and divided into 3 treatment groups: without vitamin supplementation (A0), supplementation of 400 g/mL vitamin C (A1), and supplementation of 80 g/ml vitamin E (A2). Each semen was inseminated into female ducks of Magelang (B1) and Mojosari (B2) variants. Complete Random Design was used with 3x2 factorial. The results showed that vitamins and duck variants had no significant interaction (P0.05) with fertility and fertile period. The duck variant had no effect (P0.05) on fertility and fertile period, while the addition of vitamins significantly affected (P0.01) the fertility and fertile period. The addition of 400 g/mL vitamin C increased fertility by 22.280.20% but reduced the fertile period by 7.83.5 days, whereas 80 g/mL of vitamin E increased fertility by 11.572.47% but reduced fertile period by 12.30.9 days. It can be concluded that the addition of 400 g/mL of vitamin C and 80 g/mL of vitamin E in Muscovy duck semen increased fertility but shortened fertile period of duck eggs after artificial insemination
SEASONAL EFFECT ON SEMEN CHARACTERISTICS OF MURRAH BUFFALO BULLS RAISED UNDER TROPICAL CLIMATE
Get PDFThis study was carried out to evaluate the seasonal variation on semen characteristics of Murrah buffalo bulls in Indonesia. A total of three Murrah buffalo bulls were included in this study. The semen was collected once a week during the rainy season (from January to April and from October to December) and the dry season (from May to September). Immediately after collection, the semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm output, individual motility, post-thawing motility, and straw production were evaluated. The results showed that the season did not change (P0.05) the semen volume, individual motility, and post-thawing motility. However, sperm concentration, total sperm output, and straw production were decreased in the dry season (P0.05) as compared to the rainy season. In conclusion, several semen characteristics of Murrah buffalo bulls may vary depending on the season of collection. The semen collection during the rainy season is more profitable than the dry season
ANALYSIS OF APOLIPOPROTEIN-B (APO-B) GENE IN ATHEROSCLEROSIS MICE GIVEN CURCUMINOID EXTRACT OF ZANTHORRIZA IN ORAL
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to investigate the apolipoprotein-B (apo-B) gene in atherosclerosis mice which were orally given curcuminoid extract of Curcuma xanthorriza. A total number of 30 white mice were split into 6 groups, the first group considered as control (without any treatment), second group as atherogenic feed control, the third group as extract control, while the fourth, fifth and sixth groups as atherogenic feed and curcuminoid Curcuma xanthorriza extract group treated with 5 mg/mouse, 10 mg/mouse and 15 mg/ mouse, respectively for three months. The blood samples were taken from all six groups for the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis using total DNA isolation, DNA amplification with polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and DNA sequencing. The data analysis showed that 374 bp nucleotide sequence gen of apo-B from Rattus norvegicus in groups B, C, D, E, and F did not cause any changes in genes. The analysis showed the sequence of apo-B Rattus norvegicus gene in the treatment group was apparently identical with that of Rattus norvegicus group A as the control group without treatment. As conclusion, the administration of curcuminoid zanthorrizza to atherosclerosis mice did not change the gene structure of apo-B 100
IN VITRO DEVELOPMENT OF Ascaridia galli EGGS INTO INFECTIVE EGGS AND LARVAE OF STADIUM 2 (L2)
Get PDFThe study aimed at finding out the development of Ascaridia galli (A. gall) eggs that were given aerator treatment and those without aerator treatment into infective eggs and L2 through in vitro culture. Each treatments has 108,000 eggs assigned to 8 groups of 1,000; 2,000; 3,000; 4,000; 5,000; 6,000; 7,000; and 8,000 eggs, respectively with 3 repetitions. Female A. galli were collected from the small intestinal lumen of naturally infected domestic chickens. The eggs collected from the uterus of adult female A. galli were incubated in sterile aquadest at ambient temperature for 45 days (without aerator) and 25 days (with aerator) to obtain the infective eggs and the L2. The number of the infective eggs and hatched L2 were counted under stereo microscope. Data were analysed descriptively. There were 97.740 eggs (90.5%) in the groups without aerator developed into infective eggs and 77,040 eggs (71.3%) developed into the L2. Meanwhile, there were 101,847 eggs (94.3%) in the groups with the aerator developed into the infective eggs and88.722 eggs (82.15%) hatched L2. It is concluded that the eggs collected from worms uterus had high viability and the aerator application shortened the developing period of the A. galli worms
EFFECTIVENESS OF THE FERMENTATIVE EXTRACT OF Lactobacillus acidophilus AS ANTIMICROBIALS AGAINST Aeromonas hydrophila
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of the commercial Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) cells and cell free extract against Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila). The in vitro method was carried out using well diffusion method. For in vivo evaluation, the effect of L. acidophilus on the survival rate of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (P. hypophthalmus) infected with A. hydrophila was evaluated. The well diffusion method showed a significant inhibition ability of L. acidophilus cells against A. hydrophila compared to the cell free extract. The inhibition diameters obtained with cells and cell free extract were 17.23 mm and 15.17 mm, respectively. P. hypophthalmus injected with L. acidophilus cells and cell free extract following challenged with A. hydrophila cells showed survival rate of 70% and 60% respectively, at 2-week post challenged. The gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS) result revealed that a diverse of compounds was detected in both the L. acidophilus cells and cell free extract, among them the most abundant component was pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl), which showed a promising anticancerous activity and might be played a significant role in the recovery of the infectious P. hypophthalmus. The current study revealed that both cells and cell free extract of L. acidophilus have antimicrobial activity against A. hydrophila