University of Arts in Belgrade
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The End of Architecture
No full textArchitecture, as an autonomous, theory-led discipline, has ceased to exist. This paper posits the “end of architecture” not as rhetorical hyperbole but as a historically grounded assertion. The discipline has self-dissolved, eroding its intellectual and professional autonomy under the pressures of anti-capitalist politicisation and woke virtue signalling. Once defined by rigorous critical discourse, architectural innovation, and theoretical grounding, architecture has devolved into a fragmented practice now operating on the level of a mere craft rather than a science-based, academic discipline and profession. Academic institutions, biennals, and professional critiques have abandoned their roles as incubators of architectural thought, instead engaging with tangential sociopolitical issues that stray from architecture’s core competency.
Although more pessimistic than optimistic for the immediate future, this paper posits the necessity of reasserting architecture’s specific social function, of reclaiming agency, and re-establishing its critical discourse to foster innovation aligned with societal progress. It challenges architects, theorists, and educators to reject pluralistic complacency, reinvigorate constructive critique, and refocus the discipline on its core societal responsibility. Only through such recalibration can architecture emerge from its current dissolution and reclaim its role as a distinct and essential function system in the development process of contemporary society
Play, Truth, Identity: On Gadamer’s Hermeneutical-Ontological Aesthetics
No full textCilj ovoga rada jeste razmatranje Gadamerove hermeneutičko-ontološke estetike, kroz analizu pojma igre, istine i identiteta, odnosno onoga što Gadamer naziva istinom koja se pojavljuje u umetnosti. Nakon kratkog uvoda i situiranja Gadamerove estetike u odnosu na subjektivističku i pozitivističku tradiciju, razmotriće se redom Gadamerovo shvatanje igre kao niti vodilje ontološke eksplikacije umetnosti iz Istine i metode, istina kao samootkrivanje i, u vezi sa tim, reafirmacija pojma mimesisa i saznanja u umetnosti. Konačno, biće predstavljeno shvatanje identiteta u kontekstu vremenitosti umetničkog dela, kao i hermeneutički identitet onako kako je izložen u Gadamerovom poznijem radu Aktuelnost lepog. U zaključnim razmatranjima biće iznete jedne od najvažnijih recepcija Gadamerove filozofsko-estetičke misli, koje uzimaju u razmatranje njene osnovne komponente: igru, istinu i identitet.The aim of this paper is the reconsideration of Gadamer’s hermeneutical-ontological aesthetics, through the analysis of the concepts of play, truth and identity. After
a brief introduction and the situating of Gadamer’s aesthetics in relation to the subjective and positivist tradition, it will be respectively discussed Gadamer’s understanding
of play as the clue to the ontological explanation of art in Truth and method, the truth
as self-relevatory and in addition to that the reaffirmation of the concept of mimesis
and knowledge in art. Finally, the identity in the context of the temporality of the artwork, as well as hermeneutic identity exposed in Gadamer’s later work The Relevance
of the Beautiful will be discussed. In the conclusion, some of the most important receptions of Gadamer’s philosophical aesthetic thought will be presented, which aim
is to its basic components: play, truth and identity
The Influence of Algorithmic Management on Workers’ Rights
No full textInformacione tehnologije iz korena su promenile način na koji živimo
i radimo. Te promene posebno se manifestuju kroz delovanje digitalnih
platformi koje suštinski imaju dejstvo svojevrsnog katalizatora za
realizaciju različitih društvenih potreba. Danas, gotovo za svaku društvenu
potrebu, postoji platforma koja spaja ponudu i potražnju za
zadovoljavanjem konkretne potrebe. Izuzetak, naravno, nije ni potreba
za radom. Digitalne platforme u ovoj oblasti zapravo deluju kao
virtuelno tržište rada. Na takvom tržištu uparivanje subjekata koji
imaju potrebu za izvršavanjem određenog rada i subjekata koji imaju
potrebu za pronalaskom posla (digitalni radnik) vrši se pomoću algoritma
platforme. Ovi algoritmi funkcionišu na osnovu ogromne količine
različitih podataka koje platforma prikuplja od momenta registracije
njenih korisnika, preko samog procesa vršenja rada posredstvom
platforme, do ocenjivanja izvršenog rada, na taj način preuzimajući
brojne funkcije poslodavca (algoritamski menadžment). I dok platforme
funkcionisanje svojih algoritama predstavljaju u pozitivnom svetlu
doprinosa koji daju automatizaciji i objektivnosti u procesu donošenja
odluka, ovim istraživanjem pokazaćemo da izneta tvrdnja platformi
nije do kraja tačna, jer funkcionisanje njihovog algoritma rezultira
odsustvom transparentnosti i objektivnosti u procesu donošenja
odluka, što rezultira nepoštovanjem brojnih prava po osnovu rada. S
tim u vezi, istraživanje ima za cilj da formuliše konkretne predloge za
potrebnu promenu pravnog okvira u cilju efikasne zaštite fundamentalnih
ljudskih prava usled delovanja algoritamskog menadžmenta.Information technology has fundamentally changed the way how people live and work. Digital platforms, as one of the main products of information technologies, have a special influence on almost every single aspect of social life. It is a digital, online, platform that represents a kind of virtual market that brings together several different participants who can not get in touch directly (Multi-Sided Market). The main feature of digital platforms is that the connection of participants in this virtual market is done through the platform’s algorithm. Thus, the platform acts as a catalyst for the realization of various social needs, where today, for almost every social need there is a platform that combines supply and demand to meet a specific need. The exception, of course, is not the need of work. In this area digital platforms actually act as a virtual labor market. In such a market, the pairing of participants that have a need to perform a particular job and participants that have a need to find a job (digital workers) is done through a platform’s algorithm. These algorithms work on the basis of a huge amount of different data that the platform collects from the moment of registration of its users, through the process of performing work through the platform, to evaluating the work done, thus taking over many employer functions (algorithmic management). While platforms present the operation of their algorithms in a positive light of their contribution to automation and objectivity in the decision-making process, this research will show that the platform’s claim is not entirely accurate, as the operation of their algorithm results in a lack of transparency and objectivity in decision-making. In this regard, the research aims to formulate concrete proposals for the necessary change in the legal framework in order to effectively protect fundamental human rights on work due to the actions of algorithmic management
Priznanje kao kontrahegemona strategija
No full textBuilding on the analyses of cultural hegemony in the works of Nancy Fraser and Wendy Brown, I argue in the paper that the historic bloc (order of cultural hegemony) of post-Fordist capitalism is characterized by a particular dynamic between several ‘axes’ of hegemony that gives rise to the ‘paradox of engagement/disengagement’. The ‘progressive-expertocratic’ axis of hegemony creates a subject-position of the ‘engaged self’, a figure embodying a certain promise of political agency that is simultaneously obstructed by other, depoliticizing axes of hegemony. This dynamic is conducive to the rise of contemporary right-wing authoritarianism, which purports to fulfill this promise of political agency through a series of displacements – the counterhegemonic left, I argue, has so far not formulated an effective alternative to this strategy. In the second part, I explore the potential of Axel Honneth’s theory of recognition, in particular his concept of ‘interpersonal respect’, for grounding a left strategy of connecting (mutually articulating) the hegemonic figure of the ‘engaged self’ with a progressive politics of social transformation. To that end, I elaborate Honneth’s perspective by means of an argument about the role of trust in the context of societal crises that Igor Cvejić, Srđan Prodanović and I have recently formulated.Gradeći na temeljima analize kulturne hegemonije u delima Nensi Frejzer i Vendi Braun, u ovom radu argumentujem da se istorijski blok (poredak hegemonije) postfordističkog kapitalizma karakteriše specifičnom interakcijom nekoliko ’osa’ hegemonije koja proizvodi ’paradoks angažmana/dezangažmana’. Osa hegemonije koju nazivam ’progresivno-ekspertokratskom’ konstituiše subjektnu poziciju ’angažovanog sopstva’, figuru koja otelovljuje određeno obećanje moći političkog delanja koje je istovremeno opstruirano drugim, depolitizujućim osama hegemonije. Ova dinamika pogoduje rastu savremenog desnog autoritarizma, koji pretenduje da ispuni ovo obećanje moći političkog delanja kroz seriju određenih izmeštanja – kontrahegemona levica, sa druge strane, nije do sada formulisala efektivnu alternativu ovoj strategiji. U drugom delu rada, istražujem potancijal teorije priznanja Aksela Honeta, prevashodno njegove koncepcije ’interpersonalnog poštovanja’, kao teorijskog temelja leve strategije povezivanja (međusobne artikulacije) hegemone figure ’angažovanog sopstva’ sa progresivnom politikom društvene transformacije. U tu svrhu, elaboriram donekle Honetovu perspektivu pomoću argumenata o ulozi poverenja u kontekstu društvenih kriza koje sam nedavno formulisao sa Igorom Cvejićem i Srđanom Prodanovićem
Kredit, dug i novac kao društvene institucije poverenja
No full textWhile the notions of credit, debt and money are today almost exclusively associated with economic discourse, their semantic fields prove to be significantly wider and more complex. This article seeks to restore the repressed meanings of these three notions. Its aim consists of a deconstruction of the dominant economic narratives on credit, debt, money and trust, that would show that these concepts should be primarily considered as social, rather than solely economic institutions. Therefore, in the introduction we will look at the etymology of the word credit and disclose its semantic proximity with magic as a social practice. Furthermore, the first section will examine the intrinsic relation between debt and credit, departing from Marcel Hénaff’s three types of symbolic debt and exposing how these shape the financial credit in neoliberal capitalism and install the creditor-debtor relation (such as Maurizio Lazzarato describes it) as predominant at all levels of society. The second section shows how relations of credit and debt crystallize in the notion of money: firstly by exposing some major historical and anthropological insights about money; moreover, by considering money from an onto-axiological point of view as the knot in which all social relations of trust culminate; and finally, by relating the three different types of trust in money, proposed by French heterodox economists Michel Aglietta and André Orléan, to the three forms of symbolic debt, thus showing how credit, debt and money are fundamentally anchored in social relations.Dok se danas pojmovi kredit, dug i novac skoro isključivo vezuju za ekonomski diskurs, njihova semantička polja svedoče o njihovoj značajno većoj širini i kompleksnosti. Ovaj članak stremi da ponovo uspostavi potisnuta značenja ova tri pojma. Njegov cilj leži u dekonstrukciji dominantnih ekonomskih narativa o kreditu, dugu, novcu i poverenju, koja bi pokazala da ovi koncepti predstavljaju pre svega društvene, a ne i isključivo ekonomske institucije. Stoga, u uvodu će fokus biti na etimologiji reči kredit i na otkrivanju njegove semantičke bliskosti sa magijom kao društvenom praksom. Nadalje, prvi deo će biti posvećen ispitivanju intristične veze između kredita i duga, polazeći od tri modela simboličkog duga koje predlaže Marsel Enaf (Marcel Hénaff) i pokazujući kako potonji oblikuju finansijski kredit u neoliberalnom kapitalizmu, ali i uspostavljaju odnos između kreditora i dužnika (onako kako ga Mauricio Lazarato (Maurizio Lazzarato) opisuje), kao dominantan na svim društvenim nivoima. Druga sekcija članka pokazuje kako se odnosi između kredita i duga kristalizuju u pojmu novca: isprva izlažući najznačajnije istorijske i antropološke uvide o novcu; potom, razmatrajući novac sa onto-aksiološke tačke gledišta kao čvorište u kom kulminiraju svi društveni odnosi poverenja; i konačno, povezujući tri modela simboličkog duga sa tri različita tipa poverenja u novac koje predlažu francuski heterodoksni ekonomisti Mišel Aljeta (Michel Aglietta) i Andre Orlean (André Orléan), a tako pokazujući na koji način su kredit, dug i novac fundamentalno utemeljeni u društvenim odnosima
Važnost međuzavisnosti i odgovornog epistemičkog ponašanja tokom kriza
No full textRecently, we found ourselves in an unexpected and specific situation facing the COVID-19 pandemic which we wanted to understand. It was a situation that no one predicted, and we all wanted to know more about it using various epistemic practices. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on our lives and has emphasized the importance of behaving in a mutually interdependent manner, as we are directly responsible for the lives and health of others in these circumstances. This paper emphasizes the importance of interdependence and epistemic responsibility of individuals within society and policymakers who bear a particularly heavy epistemic responsibility during the COVID-19 pandemic and possible future crises.Nedavno smo se našli u neočekivanoj i specifičnoj situaciji suočavajući se s pandemijom COVID-19 koju smo hteli razumeti. Bila je to situacija koju niko nije predvidio, a svi smo hteli znati više o tome. Pandemija COVID-19 značajno je uticala na naše živote i naglasila važnost ponašanja na način koji je međusobno zavisan, jer smo izravno odgovorni za živote i zdravlje drugih u ovakvim okolnostima. Ovaj rad naglašava važnost međuzavisnosti i epistemičke odgovornosti pojedinaca unutar društva i kreatora politika koji snose posebno tešku epistemičku odgovornost tokom pandemije COVID-19 i mogućih budućih kriza
iTrust News Certificate: A Blockchain-Based Solution for News Verification and Reputation Management
No full textThe proliferation of fake news and misinformation in the digital era poses a significant challenge to news organizations and content creators. In this paper, we intro-duce the iTrust News Certificate, the architecture of an online blockchain-based solution designed to combat fake news, enhance news verification, and maintain reputation within the media ecosystem. Unlike previous attempts, iTrust News Certificate focuses on us-er-friendly features while ensuring transparency and reliability. By leveraging blockchain technology, iTrust News Certificate establishes a decentralized and immutable ledger for storing news-related metadata. This ledger ensures the integrity and traceability of news articles, making it extremely difficult for malicious actors to tamper with or propagate false information
Na šta mislimo kada kažemo... Strana ulaganja i kvalitet radnih mesta u Republici Srbiji
No full textThe transitional model of cultural policy and its implications in crisis situations
No full textThe post-socialist transformation introduced changes not only in the political and economic realms, but in the cultural sphere as well. The transitional model of cultural policy became dominant, which meant mixed funding sources from both public and private sectors participating in creating conditions for the sustainability of cultural manifestations, with the central role of the state. The penetration of a market orientation and poor state funding in the cultural sector negatively affected cultural workers’ economic position and therefore hindered the possibilities of creativity and artistic freedom. All these difficulties and challenges present among cultural workers increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic led to bans on cultural events during lockdowns, reduced number of visitors afterwards, cancellation of projects that depended on international cooperation, and financial problems for cultural workers. Despite the challenges, cultural institutions and organizations attempted to adapt to the new conditions by providing online content in order to sustain their programmes and maintain active communication with their audience. This paper focuses on the analysis of qualitative data collected in the project “The end of the season before the end of the season? Strategies in the cultural sector during the crisis” conducted by the Institute for Sociological Research of the Faculty of Philosophy in Belgrade. Drawing on qualitative interviews with 20 cultural workers from cultural areas that were particularly threatened during the pandemic, we analyse the biggest challenges that organizations/cultural institutions were facing during the pandemic (event program/cultural program, human resources, issue of public/employee health safety, finances). Additionally, since setting up online events was in some cases the only way to continue the program, emphasis will be placed on the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of organizing a cultural event online, and difference between online and offline experience both in organizing cultural events during the pandemic and in the reception of cultural content
Distinction of Spirituality and Religiosity at the Level of Sacral Practices
No full textFor more than 100 years, psychologists have differentiated religiosity and spirituality at a
conceptual level. Religiousness is acceptance of traditional communal religious beliefs and
practices, while spiritualism is a quest for meaning and truth, a sense of connectedness with
the social and natural world, and contemplations of oneself. Recent psychometric empirical
evidence confirmed they are independent psychological dispositions. In this study we build up
on the empirical evidence on religiosity and spirituality as different constructs by
operationalizing them not just as beliefs but also as practices. We hypothesis religious beliefs
should predict only religious practices, and spiritual beliefs spiritual practices. To measure
beliefs, we have used 16-item subscales of questionnaire Lexical social attitudes - Serbia.
Summary scores for both subscales are highly reliable (αREL = .93, αSPIR = .88). To measure
practices we constructed a questionnaire for this study. On a binary scale (yes or no),
participants assessed if they had done at least once in the previous year each of the ten
traditional religious practices (e.g., prayed, confessed, read a holy book) and ten spiritual
practices (e.g., spent time in nature, made art, wrote a diary). Reliability of summary scores is
not satisfactory neither for the scale of religious practices (α = .63) nor spiritual (α = .58), so
one should take caution with interpreting the results. In an online survey, 197 participants
(70.0% women, Mage = 19.47, SDage = 5.43), filled questionnaires. Orthodox Christians
comprised 70.1%, followed by atheists 14.2%, and 11.2% agnostics. To test the hypothesis, we
derived a canonical correlation between beliefs on one side and practices on the other. The first
canonical correlation (R = .66, F(4,386) = 43.00, p < .001) describes religious people (b = .98)
who follow religious practices (r = .92) but decline spiritual (r = -.41). The second one (R =
.38, F(1,194) = 33.95, p < .001) describes spiritual people (r = .98) who in order to find meaning
and truth engage in spiritual practices (r = .91) and religious too some extent (r = .39). Results
are in line with conceptualizing religiosity and spirituality as different constructs, but results
eject orthogonality. Spiritualism manifests through spiritual beliefs and diverse practices that
provide sense of connectedness with the social and natural world and contemplations of
oneself, unlike rigid religiosity