University of Arts in Belgrade
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Art after AI: The Impact of Generative AI on the Artworld
No full textThe integration of Generative AI into the art world represents a transformative force, democratizing creativity and redefining traditional artistic roles. This paper explores the profound impact of Generative AI on art, positioning it as a creative medium that transcends mere tools. AI Art Generators, exemplifying this paradigm shift, enable users to convert textual prompts into intricate paintings, challenging conventional definitions of creativity and authorship. The methodologies within AI art, including Style Transfer and Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), pose challenges in distinguishing AI-generated art from human-created art due to a prevalent negative bias. As AI generators enter the business domain, generating magazine covers and recreating famous artworks, ethical debates underscore their transformative influence on the art world. The research question probes into the democratization of creativity, potential job displacement, and the emergence of novel artistic expressions. The hypothesis posits democratization but raises concerns about job displacement, emphasizing the crucial role of artists in reshaping the art landscape in innovative ways. This paper also delves into historical parallels, drawing insights from past resistance to technological shifts like photography, to understand how AI can stimulate advancements in art forms, but also the emergence of novel art forms. Ethical considerations surrounding authorship and the impact of AI on traditional artistic training require collaborative efforts between artists, technologists, and policymakers to establish responsible frameworks for AI in art. In conclusion, the synthesis of human intuition and machine capabilities heralds a renaissance in artistic expression, offering glimpses into the limitless possibilities that lie ahead in this dynamically evolving art landscap
Kraljevina Jugoslavija – Frankov antikomunistički saveznik 1936–1939.
No full textČlanak posmatra različite političke aktere i analizira odnos Kraljevine Jugoslavije prema građanskom ratu u Španiji (1936–1939). Jugoslovenska vlada je od početne neutralnosti, vođena strahom od revolucionarnih strujanja i antikomunističkim tendencijama, prešla na profrankističku i antirepublikansku poziciju. S druge strane, ilegalna Кomunistička partija Jugoslavije je organizovala podršku republikancima, slanjem dobrovoljaca. Strogo kažnjavajući svaki vid antifašističke solidarnosti, jugoslovenska vlada je koristila priliku da se obračuna sa vodećim političkim protivnikom – komunistima. Suprotstavljene pozicije bile su reprezentativne za podele jugoslovenskog društva tokom 30-ih godina 20. veka. Posmatrajući vladinu politiku prema Španskom građanskom ratu, rad pokazuje da je Kraljevina Jugoslavija bila Frankov antikomunistički saveznik
Anticipation, Crisis and Transformative Groups
No full textIn my talk, I will explore the constitution of a special type of group, which I will call “transformative
groups” during times of crisis, focusing particularly on the role of anticipation. By "transformative
group," I refer to a collective formed in response to crisis conditions characterized by a lack of clear
articulation of ongoing events and the absence of straightforward solutions or readily recognizable agents addressing these events, resulting in a state of global disorientation. In crisis, normal anticipations that guide social interactions fail, necessitating new forms of reliance and cooperation among diverse individuals. This exploration aims to elucidate the conditions under which transformative groups can emerge, sustain themselves and effectively drive social change.Workshop: Intersubjectivity of Affects and Social Change, Belgrade, Institute for Philosophy and Social Theory, May 27-28. 2024
Intersubjectivity of Affect and Social Change
No full textThe main goal of the panel is to discuss a theoretical insight into the processes through which political affects could become intersubjective and create a potential for social change, particularly in the context of major societal crises such as the 2008 financial meltdown or the Covid-19 pandemic. We recognize that the current literature still lacks the theoretical resources to explain these processes, especially if a destabilization is caused by a major societal crisis. We will address two types of processes related to political affects: 1) We will consider the processes of making particular political affective dynamics intersubjective. We presuppose that one important catalyst of social change is to be found in negative political affects (from suffering or anger to more complex ones like an experience of injustice or distrust towards the given political system or establishment),
but that these affects often remain unconveyed to other actors or groups. We propose that social engagement – a process in which collective attention to the norms and rules of social action emerges through interaction, resulting in attempts to modify or reinforce them – plays a crucial role in shaping the dynamics of political affectivity. Thus, we will present a model of collective political affectivity which integrates social engagement. (2) The second type of processes we aim to explore are the “coping strategies” that a given institutional order employs to deal with negative political emotions of those who are discontented. In addition to addressing how various forms of domination neutralize affects, we will specifically argue that complex forms of domination do
not intervene at the level of atomized affects but at that of emerging collective affectivity – they provide an articulation of this affectivity that is system-conforming
The healthy, yet unhealthy choice: stereotypes about vegetarians and vegans in a meat-eating culture
No full textStereotypes about vegetarians and vegans influence behaviour toward these groups and the consumption of animal products. This affects the health and well-being of humans, other animals, and the environment. We studied these stereotypes in a meat-eating culture based on content analysis of open-ended responses in contrast to the more frequently used ad-hoc scales. We also compared the positivity and contents of stereotypes between men and women and between vegetarians/vegans and meat-eaters. We found that stereotypes about vegetarians are ambivalent, while stereotypes about vegans are more clearly negative, both to a greater extent among meat-eaters and among men. The open-ended responses were most frequently related to health, then to moral values, empathy, commitment, and unfavourable social traits. References to masculinity/femininity were not prominent in the spontaneous responses, and neither was the domain of competence. While meat-eaters mainly relate vegetarianism and veganism to health, vegetarians/vegans relate these choices to empathy and moral values. We discuss the implications of the findings for cross-cultural research and shaping public communications
Autocratic entrenchment in Central and East European constitutional courts
No full textThe global decline of democracy in the past decade has been pronounced, with a new generation of studies shedding light on the processes that gradually erode contemporary democracies under legal guises. While authoritarian leaders like Erdogan, Orban, and Kaczynski drew attention for their hostile rhetoric against judiciaries and successful attempts to overtake constitutional courts, the dynamics of autocratization in Serbia, an EU candidate country, took a distinctive turn. Besides Poland, Hungary, and Turkey, Serbia was among the top five countries globally in decline in the Varieties of Democracy Liberal Democracy Index between 2010 and 2020. Surprisingly, even though Serbia experienced a sharp democratic decline, unlike other authoritarian leaders, Vucic's ruling executive succeeded in entrenching the constitutional court without resorting to institutional transformations or limitations on its competencies. This paper addresses the puzzle of why constitutional courts in countries like Hungary and Poland were taken over through court packing, while Serbia, following a similar path of autocratization, did not witness such interventions. It argues that autocratizing governments employ different strategies based on external political constraints and the resilience of domestic institutions while sharing a common mechanism: the cultivation of political loyalty among appointees to secure legislative majority-favorable outcomes. The argument unfolds in three steps. First, it establishes that constitutional courts, as obstacles to autocratization, understood as a gradual concentration of power in the executive, become prominent targets due to their institutional isomorphism and widespread presence in autocratizing states. Second, the paper categorizes authoritarian takeover strategies based on executive intentions and intervention intensity, proposing four types: dissolution, court-packing, court-curbing, and less perceptible entrenchment. The paper contends that strategy choice in hybrid regimes depends on external constraints and domestic institutional resistance. It compares Turkey, Hungary, Poland, and Serbia cases to illustrate the association between external and internal constraints and outcomes. Third, the paper establishes the critical empirical link between judges' appointments and subsequent behavior, emphasizing the mechanism of political loyalty, or decisions primarily motivated by political considerations towards the appointers. Utilizing a novel dataset of Serbian Constitutional Court decisions (2008-2020, N=1024), the paper employs a difference-in-differences approach to evaluate the impact of changes in judge appointments on normative control. By comparing changes in upholding or striking down the normative acts over time between the treatment group (national assembly) and the control group (other sub-national assemblies), the paper discerns the causal effect of the judges' political loyalty towards the appointing majority. These findings elucidate often overlooked mechanisms of undermining democratic institutions and offer insights into majoritarian impulses across government branches and regions. The study contributes to discussions on protecting democratic institutions from authoritarian encroachment, particularly in Central and East Europe
Emerging Technologies for Global Education: A Comprehensive Exploration of Trends, Innovations, Challenges, and Future Horizons
No full textEmerging technologies (ETs), including artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, non-fungible tokens (NFTs), the Internet of Things (IoT), augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), mixed reality (MR), extended reality (XR), robotics, and 3D printing, have greatly impacted education. While these technologies are commonly used in informal learning, their application in formal education remains under explored. This systematic review addresses this gap by analyzing the effective use of these technologies in formal education. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and using bibliometric analysis, this research reviewed experimental studies from the Scopus database (2008–2022). Data visualization tools, including RStudio, VOSviewer, Python, and Microsoft Excel, facilitated robust analysis. The study identifies gaps in technology adoption arising from economic status, infrastructure, and digital literacy challenges. It highlights the benefits of mobile apps and Learning Management Systems (LMS) in enhancing information retrieval, communication, and learning support. Challenges include the need for pedagogical skills, ICT competencies, and information literacy. Additionally, the study explores the potential of adaptive learning technologies and personalized learning environments to transform education by tailoring experiences to individual needs. Effective technology integration in education provides valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and researchers, highlighting strategies to overcome existing challenges and improve educational outcomes
Свети Јустин Нови Ћелијски и православни свет: тематски зборник
No full textОвај тематски зборник радова издаје се поводом јубилеја – 130 година од рођења и 45 година од упокојења Јустина Поповића или Светог Јустина Новог Ћелијског. Обично су се ранији јубилеји прослављали издавањем зборника које су припремали његови ученици, посебно владика Атанасије Јевтић, а затим је то настављено издавањем зборника уређених од стране оних који дело овог светитеља проучавају. Издавање зборника на сваких десет или сада пет година прилика је да се оцени не само статус светојустиновских студија већ и да се поднесе својеврстан извештај оцу Јустину о стању нације, Европе и света кроз избор и садржај тема. Ова форма подношења извештаја о стању ствари у земљи, али и у свету није ништа ново – и отац Јустин је то практиковао, посебно на празнике попут Светог Саве или на парастосе Светом владици Николају. Ту форму су преузели и његови ученици, попут митрополита Амфилохија, који је још као јеромонах на опелу ави Јустину преко светог покојника поднео извештај српским светитељима о стању у српском православљу. Не преостаје нам ништа друго него да у уводнику овог зборника покушамо да у светлости онога што је Свети отац Јустин учио размотримо у каквом стању се налази свет од последњег скупа, 2019. године организованог у његову час
Exploring predictors and the effects of labeling on the preference for alternative protein products
No full textResearch in social perception shows that it is possible to influence people's preferences
depending on the way we interpret and name things. Labeling of alternative protein products
can affect how likely people are to choose them, as these labels also communicate certain social
images of consumers. In this pre-registered experiment we had two aims: 1. to test whether the
preferences for alternative protein products will depend on the label assigned to them
(specifically: lenten, vegan or plant-based); 2. to examine potential predictors of preference for
different food labels (previous experience of using alternative sources of protein, frequency of
meat consumption, speciesism and religiousness). We expected that products marked as
“Lenten” will be more positively evaluated compared to the other two labels, considering that
fasting is part of tradition and part of the ethno-religious identity in our country. We also
believe that religious participants will prefer “Lenten” products to a greater extent, while
respondents who do not support exploitation of animals will prefer "vegan" products.
Participants (N = 290) were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups. Each group
was shown the same photos of 5 types of products (alternative burger, sausage, cheese, meat,
milk), and the label attached to the products was either lenten, vegan or plant-based. The most
positively rated products were labeled as “Lenten”, although the contrast analysis did not show
that there was a significant effect of the product label on products preference (F(2, 289) = 0.67,
p = .51) Regardless of the label, preference for the products was predicted by the previous
experience of using alternative sources of protein (β = .33, SE = .10, p = .000), speciesism (β
= -.21, SE = .18, p = . 000) and diet habits – frequency of meat consumption (β = .14, SE = .09,
p = .017), explaining 15.6% of the variance, while religiousness remained non-significant (β =
-.07, SE = .09, p = .797). If we want to influence on the preference of alternative protein
products, public communications should be directed towards a more positive attitude to animals
and their rights and the importance of reducing the amount of meat in the diet