University of Arts in Belgrade
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Primena koncepta ljudske prirode Marije Kronfeldner u arheologiji
No full textThis essay represents a reflection on the role and relevance of the concept of human nature in archaeology, inspired by the ideas about human nature presented and elaborated by Maria Kronfeldner in the book What’s Left of Human Nature?. It is a comment from an archaeologist’s perspective. Kronfeldner formulated three ways in which human nature can be conceptualized: classificatory, descriptive and explanatory human nature. In the text, I review the archaeological and anthropological topics for which the three aspects of human nature are relevant. In the first part, I address the problems related to the concepts of classificatory and descriptive human nature in the late Pleistocene, when Homo sapiens was not the only species of the genus Homo on the planet. In the second part, I discuss the role of human nature from the epistemological position when it comes to the theoretical basis of reconstructing human behavior in the past and the more general anthropological issue of establishing cross-cultural regularities and laws. This is by no means a comprehensive and detailed survey of the potentially relevant topics, but it should illustrate the usefulness and relevance of Kronfeldner’s concepts for the fields of archaeology and anthropology.U ovom eseju razmatraju se uloga i relevantnost koncepta ljudske prirode u arheologiji, na
osnovu ideja o ljudskoj prirodi koje je formulisala Marija Kronfeldner u knjizi What’s Left of
Human Nature. Ovo je, pre svega, komentar na ove ideje iz perspektive arheologa. Kronfeldner je predstavila tri načina kako se ljudska priroda može konceptualizovati: kao klasifikaciona, deskriptivna i eksplanatorna ljudska priroda. Ovaj esej predstavlja pregled arheoloških
i antropoloških tema za koje su ova tri aspekta ljudske prirode relevantna. U prvom delu,
bavim se problemima vezanim za koncepte klasifikacione i deskriptivne ljudske prirode u kasnom pleistocenu, kada Homo sapiens nije bio jedina vrsta roda Homo na planeti. U drugom
delu, razmatram ulogu koncepta ljudske prirode u arheologiji i antropologiji iz epistemološke
perspektive, fokusirajući se na teorijsku osnovu rekonstrukcije ljudskog ponašanja u prošlosti i na opšti antropološki problem uspostavljanja kroskulturnih pravilnosti i zakona. Ovo
svakako nije sveobuhvatan i detaljan pregled potencijalno relevantnih tema, ali ilustruje korisnost i relevantnost koncepata koje je definisala Kronfeldner kada su u pitanju arheologija
i antropologija
Humanitarizam na klackalici etike i politike
No full textThis paper aims to provide an overview of the main landmarks and basic problems
of humanitarianism, which is seen as a philosophy - an ethical response to suffering -
but also as a practice in the form of humanitarian actions. There is general agreement
that suffering ought to be alleviated, but not that humanitarian actions, and the humanitarian
sector in general, are an adequate response. However, the practice of humanitarianism
itself is not clearly demarcated. While for some it only refers to the actions
aimed at eliminating or alleviating immediate suffering, others believe that humanitarianism
requires dealing with the causes of suffering, and in its most extreme form,
that humanitarianism requires force in the form of military intervention to stop suffering.
Therefore, the objections to humanitarianism are contradictory - while on the one
hand, its apolitical stances are respected in the name of timeless and decontextualized
ethics, on the other its politicization is criticised. To condemn or praise humanitarianism,
whether it comes from the point of ethics or politics, the authors conclude, it is
important to always keep in mind what exactly is meant when referring to it
It Is Your Own Device, Make It Powerful: Parliament’s Interaction with Anti-Corruption Agencies
No full textToday, there exist more than 150 specialised anti-corruption agencies (ACAs). Although being praised as key contributors to suppressing high-level corruption, sometimes, they fail to produce tangible results. This is often contributed to weak mandate, which raises the question of responsibility of legislature. The nexus between parliaments and ACAs has been largely overlooked by the existing literature. This chapter develops a conceptual framework on the interaction between ACAs and parliaments, to help assessing the way parliaments exercise their legislative and oversight role in support of the effectiveness of ACAs. The authors use a variety of cases to illustrate how these criteria play out in the practice. This enables the authors to draw conclusions aimed at building a more constructive interaction between parliaments and ACAs which respects the independence of ACAs, enhances their accountability, and strengthens parliamentary follow-up to the work of ACAs
Grupno finansiranje troškova zdravstvene zaštite putem donacija: dileme i posledice
No full textThe emergence of crowdfunding as a means to gather financial
support for medical expenses has become a global phenomenon. As the prevalence
of medical crowdfunding increases within regional contexts, including in Serbia,
this article aims to offer a framework for understanding this phenomenon and its
ramifications. Drawing upon a review of literature and research mostly pertaining
to Anglo-Saxon crowdfunding practices, we contend that the proliferation of
medical crowdfunding, which is facilitated by technological advancements,
signifies inherent deficiencies within healthcare systems, exacerbated by the
erosion of the welfare state. While addressing immediate financial exigencies for
some individuals, this practice engenders substantial social, political, and ethical
dilemmas. Structured into three sections, the article contextualizes the catalysts
propelling the emergence of medical crowdfunding, notably the transformations
in welfare regimes. Subsequently, it delves into the opportunities and challenges
presented by crowdfunding for medical expenses, while the third section delineates
the implications for healthcare systems and policies, underscoring the necessity for
research elucidating medical crowdfunding within the contexts of post-socialist
countries.Pojava grupnog finansiranja putem donacija kao sredstva za
prikupljanje finansijskih sredstava za medicinske troškove postala je globalni
fenomen. Kako se rasprostranjenost ovih praksi povećava u regionalnim
kontekstima, uključujući i Srbiju, članak ima za cilj da ponudi okvir za
razumevanje fenomena grupnog finanisranja lečenja putem donacija i njegovih
posledica. Oslanjajući se na pregled literature i istraživanja koja se uglavnom
odnose na anglosaksonske prakse, tvrdimo da proliferacija grupnog finansiranja
u medicinske svrhe, omogućena tehnološkim napretkom, označava inherentne
nedostatke u zdravstvenim sistemima, pogoršane erozijom države blagostanja.
Usredsređujući se na neposredne finansijske potrebe pojedinaca, ova praksa
otvara značajne društvene, političke i etičke dileme. Strukturiran u tri odeljka,
članak kontekstualizuje katalizatore koji pokreću pojavu grupnog finansiranja u
medicinske svrhe, posebno transformaciju režima socijalne zaštite. Rad se zatim
bavi mogućnostima i izazovima u vezi sa ovim fenomenom, dok treći odeljak
ocrtava implikacije na zdravstvene sisteme i politike, naglašavajući neophodnost
istraživanja koje bi razjasnilo ulogu grupnog finansiranja u medicinske svrhe u
kontekstu postsocijalističkih zemalja
Šta je angažman?
No full textThis text explores the nuances of choice and consequence through the philosophical lenses of Pascal and Sartre. It contrasts Pascal’s transcendental faith-based approach with Sartre’s terrestrial decision-making, emphasizing the inherent paradox of engagement beginning before choice. It argues that authentic choice demands embracing the unknown and its extreme consequences, rejecting the spectator’s role for active participation. The text also examines the intellectual’s duality, caught between bourgeois origins and subaltern solidarity, and the antinomy of integrating science and revolution. It concludes with reflections on the intellectual’s role in revolutionary movements, highlighting the necessity of continuous critical engagement and the interplay of truth and error.Ovaj tekst istražuje odnose između izbora i posledica kroz filozofske okvire Paskala i Sartra.
Stavlja u uporednu perspektivu Paskalov transcendentalni pristup zasnovan na veri sa Sar trovim svetovnim interpretativnim okvirom, naglašavajući inherentni paradoks angažovanja
koje počinje pre izbora. Tvrdi se da autentičan izbor zahteva prihvatanje nepoznatog i nje govih ekstremnih posledica, odbacujući ulogu posmatrača sa aktivnim učešćem. Tekst tako đe ispituje dualnost intelektualca, uhvaćenog između buržoaskog porekla i solidarnosti sa
potlačenima, i antinomiju integrisanja nauke i revolucije. Zaključuje se promišljanjem uloge
intelektualca u revolucionarnim pokretima, ističući neophodnost kontinuiranog kritičkog an gažovanja i međusobne igre istine i greške
Industrija Holokausta ili svest o Holokaustu?
No full textPojam industrije Holokausta nema univerzalno prihvaćeno značenje. Za neke se koncept odnosi na proliferaciju studija Holokausta na univerzitetima, kao i filmova i knjiga sa ovom tematikom. Za druge on označava situaciju u kojoj je Holokaust postao idealan mamac za prikupljanje novčanih sredstava unutar i izvan jevrejskih zajednica, kao i za privlačenje publike i lukrativni „mračni“ turizam. Nadalje, on većini signalizira da je reč o opštoj trivijalizaciji i banalizaciji Holokausta kroz popularnu i masovnu kulturu. Neki, najzad, smatraju da je u „industriji Holokausta“ naprosto reč o velikom broju raznolikih primera zloupotrebe sećanja na Holokaust zarad ličnih ili političkih ciljeva
Caregiving for older adults in times of the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia A gendered perspective
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the care of older adults in Serbia. Under the guise of care for ‘grandpas and grandmas’, the government enforced policies, measures, and protocols that severely impacted the already fragile system for the care of older adults in Serbia, at the same time creating a situation in which those older persons who were previously independent turned completely dependent, while those who were truly in need of care were unable to get it. On the other hand, the underpaid, undervalued caregivers – the main subjects of this chapter – bore the greatest brunt of the pandemic-induced politicisation of care for older adults in Serbia. Prior to the pandemic, care of older adults was already a gendered issue, as women were the primary providers of both informal and formal care. The pandemic has exacerbated this gender imbalance. In addition, the pandemic has shed light on the shortage of skilled caregivers and the precarious position of paid care in the informal economy. The shortage of caregivers has made it even more difficult for women to balance their paid and unpaid work, and it has also led to a decline in the quality of care for older adults
Anarhistička misao iz vizure praksis-filozofije u socijalističkoj Jugoslaviji: recepcija u delu Ljubomira Tadića
No full textU radu se ispituje recepcija anarhističkih ideja u delu filozofa Ljubomira Tadića iz perioda socijalizma. Cilj je ukazati da je iza razmatranja anarhističkih ideja i definisanja pojma stajalo šire teorijsko pozicioniranje prema pitanjima i dilemama jugoslovenskog socijalizma i samoupravljanja, sa zaključkom da je specifičnost konteksta i omogućila takve poglede. Istraživanje ukazuje i na postojanje nedogmatskog viđenja anarhističkih ideja u socijalističkoj Jugoslaviji, koje je odstupalo od dominantnog partijskog i državnog diskursa u tom period
Posthumanism and Education: Transgression or Interdependence
No full textThis collection delves into the ongoing debates spanning decades on the intricate interplay between posthumanism, the posthuman age, and education. Featuring authors from diverse backgrounds and theoretical perspectives, the chapters explore a spectrum of themes – from technophilia to technophobia, transhumanism to humanism, and Bildung tradition to new materialism – illuminating key dimensions of education in what is heralded as a new and distinct era.
At the heart of these discussions is an exploration of whether this era truly marks a radical departure and how it influences educational practices. The chapters offer arguments both supporting and challenging these ideas, advocating for critical reflection and a fresh perspective on human experience and contemporary education. The collection suggests a creative and considerate approach to children's learning and learning with children, which would not only respond to the challenges of imposed circumstances but also suggest active work on the desirable construction of new ones
