University of Arts in Belgrade
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Offline Education and Its Immersive Potential: Memory, Postmemory, and History in the Informational Age
No full textBeing related to technology, media and mediation of knowledge, strategies and platforms of education constantly evolve and change. In the informational age, where humans, machines, and algorithms work separately and interdependently, knowledge transmission has become a challenging and contested field. On the one hand, the possibilities of online learning, together with VR immersion do create an exciting context for working with knowledge and information, while on the other hand they seem to push out more traditional ways of learning that were so important for the humanities of the last centuries. So does this transform the educational proces into a posthuman one, or is it more related to something called digital humanities? Also, is there still a place for the offline education in the contemporary technological world, and if yes, how should we approach it?
In this paper I will try to examine the role of offline learning in contemporary technological contexts and educational processes, especially in relation to delicate questions of memory, postmemory and history. I will argue for the possibility of an engaging and educational offline immersion in the midst of a digital reality. In order to attain this kind of immersiveness, offline learning should involve different techniques that are coming from informal and participatory education, adopting a very horizontal, multidimensional, and network-like approach. However, there is a very specific challenge when it comes to education that deals with memory and history, since memory, although itself a very network-like type of form, is usually shaped through vertical, hierarchized historical and linguistic discourses, as well as through the learnt, solidified interpretation of their symbolic representations. So how can we ensure that the memory stays dynamic and communicative, especially in postmemory times? In this paper I will try to ponder upon the importance of ephemerality and antimonumentality in the process of offline immersive learning, to think about the role of materiality in the informational age, and to discuss the possibilities opened up by replacing the word representation with the word communication in the process of learning in a memory and postmemory context
Institutionalization of Participatory Democratic Innovations: What Roles for Traditional Social and Political Actors?
No full textThe institutionalization of participatory democratic innovations has gained traction through efforts led by the academic community, civil society organizations, social movements, decision-makers, the European Union, and international organizations. While these innovations have been implemented globally, they remain relatively new forms of institutions still finding their place within democratic political systems. This paper explores the challenges of institutionalizing these innovations by examining both, the theoretical and political arguments for their integration into existing democratic frameworks. Drawing on the normative assumption that participatory democratic innovations aim to address the democratic deficit by re-engaging citizens in the democratic process, the paper investigates the roles that traditional political and social actors—such as political authorities, political parties, civil society organizations, social movements, media, and academia—have played, could play, and should play in promoting and institutionalizing these practices. Key theoretical and practical challenges are discussed, with a focus on the legitimacy of these actors’ roles in the institutionalization process and their potential contributions to the ongoing evolution of participatory democracy
Policy as normative influence? On the relationship between parental leave policy and social norms in gender division of childcare across 48 countries
No full textIn the present work, we addressed the relationship between parental leave policies and social norms. Using a pre‐registered, cross‐national approach, we examined the relationship between parental leave policies and the perception of social norms for the gender division of childcare. In this study, 19,259 students (11,924 women) from 48 countries indicated the degree to which they believe childcare is (descriptive norm) and should be (prescriptive norm) equally divided among mothers and fathers. Policies were primarily operationalized as the existence of parental leave options in the respective country. The descriptive and prescriptive norms of equal division of childcare were stronger when parental leave was available in a country – also when controlling for potential confounding variables. Moreover, analyses of time since policy change suggested that policy change may initially affect prescriptive norms and then descriptive norms at a later point. However, due to the cross‐sectional nature of the data, drawing causal inferences is difficult
Deosmanizacija i posvojenje: kritičko preispitivanje osmanskog nasleđa u srpskoj kulturi i književnosti
No full textOslanjajući se na postkolonijalnu teoriju, kritičku istoriografiju i kulturnu teoriju, rad preispituje odnos prema osmanskom nasleđu i muslimanskim temama u srpskoj kulturi i književnosti. U radu se tvrdi da se ovaj odnos gradi primenom dve diskurzivne makrostrategije: deosmanizacije i posvojenja, koje su osobene i za druge balkanske kulture i države s istorijskim iskustvom života pod Osmanlijama. S jedne strane, deosmanizacija, kako se tvrdi u radu, nastaje pod uticajem moćnog diskursa zapadnog orijentalizma, te modernog nacionalizma i kolektivne istorijske traume. S druge strane, posvojenje osmanskog nasleđa je, zbog prethodno pomenutih činilaca, skriveno i, neretko, predstavljeno kao autentično obeležje nacionalnih kultura. I jedna i druga makrostrategija zahvataju sve sfere života, od jezika preko kuhinje do umetnosti. U prvom delu rada se izlažu osnovne postavke orijentalizma, balkanizma i ugneždenog orijentalizma. Zatim se razmatraju deosmanizacija i posvojenje osmanskog nasleđa u balkanskom kontekstu i u srpskoj društvenoj i kulturnoj sredini. U drugom delu rada, kritičko preispitivanje osmanskog nasleđa deli se na dve celine: 1) književnost koja je nastajala na tlu Srbije pod Osmanskim carstvom i 2) srpsku književnost koja nastaje pod uticajem orijentalnih književnosti i/ili obrađuje muslimanske teme. U drugoj grupi, kritički preispitujemo odnos prema osmanskom nasleđu i muslimanskim temama u nekim aspektima u usmenoj epici i lirici, te u pojedinim reprezentativnim delima iz perioda romantizma i modernizma.De-Ottomanisation and Internalisation: A Critical Analysis of the Ottoman Heritage in Serbian Culture and Literature SUMMARY Drawing upon postcolonial theory, critical historiography and cultural theory, the article examines the representation of Ottoman heritage in Serbian culture and literature. ± e article argues that the attitude towards Ottoman heritage is shaped by two discursive macro-strategies: de-Ottomanization and internalisation, which are also typical of other Balkan cultures and countries with historical experience of living under Ottoman rule. On the one hand, de-Ottomanization, as the article argues, arises under the in² uence of the powerful discourse of Western Oriental-ism, modern nationalism, and collective historical trauma. On the other hand, due to the aforementioned factors, the internalisation of the Ottoman heritage is hid-den and, quite o³ en, (re)presented as authentic features of national cultures. Both macro-strategies cover all spheres of life, from language, via cuisine, to art. ± e © rst part of the article introduces the concepts of Orientalism, Balkanism and nested Orientalism. ± en, the de-Ottomanization and internalisation of the Ottoman her-itage are analysed in the Balkan and the Serbian social and cultural contexts. In the second part of the article, the critical analysis of the Ottoman heritage is divided into two parts: I) literature that was created on the territory of today’s Serbia under the Ottoman Empire, and II) Serbian literature that was created under the influence of Oriental cultures and/or introduces Muslim themes. ± e second group critically examines the literary modelling and use of Ottoman heritage and Muslim themes in certain aspects of oral epics and lyrics, as well as in certain representative works from the period of romanticism and modernism.Temat "Muslimanske teme u srpskoj knjiiževnosti II
Singularnost, nasilje i univerzalnost u Deridinoj etici: borba dekonstrukcije s decizionizmom
No full textThe starting point of the paper is Derrida’s early discussion of Lévinas, focusing on the suggestion that violence is paradoxically magnified in Lévinas’s attempt to articulate ethics as first philosophy within a metaphysics ostensibly free of violence. The next step is an examination of Derrida’s thoughts on Lévi-Strauss and Rousseau in Of Grammatology. Derrida’s comments on names and violence in Lévi-Strauss establish that ethics emerges through a distinction between the “good” interior and the “bad” exterior. Derrida’s subsequent remarks on Rousseau bring up his view of pity as a pre-social morality and the emergence of a social world that enacts violence upon the fullness of nature and the spontaneity of pity within a system of organized, competitive egotism. In his engagement with Celan, Derrida explores a poetics that conveys the sense of a particular, singular self as essential to ethics—defining itself in its separation yet inevitably caught up in universality. This theme develops into an examination of mass slaughter around the Hebrew Bible story of the “shibboleth”, highlighting the violent consequences of exclusionary conceptions of identity. In The Gift of Death, Derrida discusses the relationship between Paganism, Platonism, and Christianity through Patočka’s perspective, then returns to Judaism via Kierkegaard’s discussion of Abraham and Isaac. Derrida’s reflections on secrecy, the sacred, ethical paradox, the violence of ethical absolutism, and the aporetic nature of ethical decisions converge around a discussion of political decisionism in Schmitt and the broader ethical significance of decisionism, as it also appears in Benjamin.Polazna tačka ovog rada jeste Deridina rana rasprava o Levinasu, s fokusom na sugestiju da
se nasilje paradoksalno uvećava u Levinasovom pokušaju da artikuliše etiku kao prvu filozo fiju unutar metafizike koja je navodno oslobođena nasilja. Sledeći korak predstavlja ispitiva nje Deridinih razmišljanja o Levi-Strosu i Rusou u O gramatologiji. Deridini komentari o ime nima i nasilju kod Levi-Strosa ukazuju na to da se etika pojavljuje kroz distinkciju između
“dobrog” unutrašnjeg i “lošeg” spoljašnjeg. Deridini kasniji komentari o Rusou razmatraju
njegovo shvatanje sažaljenja kao pred-socijalnog morala i pojavu društvenog sveta koji vrši
nasilje nad punoćom prirode i spontanošću sažaljenja unutar sistema organizovanog, kom petitivnog egoizma. U svom angažmanu s Selanom, Derida istražuje poetiku koja prenosi osećaj singularnog sopstva kao suštinskog za etiku—definišući se u svojoj odvojenosti, ali
neizbežno uhvaćenog u univerzalnost. Ova tema se razvija u analizu masovnog pokolja kroz
priču iz hebrejske Biblije o “šiboletu”, ističući nasilne posledice isključujućih koncepcija identiteta. U Dar smrti, Derida razmatra odnos između paganizma, platonizma i hrišćanstva kroz
Patočkine perspektive, a zatim se vraća judaizmu putem Kjerkegorove rasprave o Avramu i
Isaku. Deridina promišljanja o tajnosti, svetom, etičkom paradoksu, nasilju etičkog apsolutizma i aporijskoj prirodi etičkih odluka konvergiraju oko rasprave o političkom decizionizmu
kod Šmita i širem etičkom značaju decizionizma, kako se takođe pojavljuje kod Benjamina
Death camp(s) before Auschwitz: the case of the Gospić-Jadovno-Pag camp complex in the Independent State of Croatia
No full textČlanak o logoru Gospić-Jadovno-Pag u NDH (1941
Fenomenološka hijeroistorija kod Elijadea i Korbena
No full textThis article starts from the premise that both Mircea Eliade and Henry Corbin were intrinsically linked to the phenomenological tradition. As far as Eliade’s phenomenology of history is concerned, the interpretation keeps in mind the tensions, dilemmas and contradictions within his theory. That is, for Eliade historicity is at once a fundamental element of the hu-man condition, a sign of the primordial or modern fall of human existence, a terror to be avoided, and a plane of being to be abandoned. The article also devotes attention to Eliade’s personal life story and his political engagement. As regards Henry Corbin, special emphasis is placed on the fact that, although he was an important recipient of Heidegger’s phenomenology of history, he departed from it in essential points. Attention is given to the way in which Corbin’s phenomenology analyses sacred space (and time) as being related to eternity, thus opening up the possibility of metahistoryČlanak polazi od premise prema kojoj su i Mirča Elijade i Anri Korben bili intrinsično povezani s fenomenološkom tradicijom. U razmatranju Elijadeove fenomenologije istorije, tumačenje u obzir uzima napetosti, dileme i protivrečnosti u njegovoj teoriji. Za Elijadea je, tako, istoričnost istovremeno fundamentalni element ljudskog stanja, znak prvobitnog ili modernog pada ljudske egzistencije, užas koji treba izbeći i ravan bića koju treba napustiti. Članak takođe posvećuje pažnju Elijadeovoj ličnoj životnoj priči i njegovom političkom angažmanu. Kada je reč o Anriju Korbenu, poseban naglasak stavljen je na činjenjicu da je, iako je bio značajan recipijent Hajdegerove fenomenologije istorije, on od nje odstupio u suštinskim tačkama. Pažnja je usmerena na način na koji Korbenova fenomenologija analizira sveto mesto (i vreme) kao ono što je u odnosu s večnošću, čime se otvara mogućnost metaistorije
The Use of the Project After the End of the Modern Project
No full textModernity has inextricably linked the idea of the project to the temporal dimension of the future. However, today the future is perceived as a dimension that is already exhausted in the present, either as the consummation of all novelty or as the threat of a catastrophic outcome. One thus ends up living in a kind of eternal present, which, referring to Reinhart Koselleck, is configured as a “space of expectations” without a time horizon. Such questions cannot but call into question architecture, which has made the project one of its fundamental categories. A genealogy of the architectural project is then proposed as it is connected to the
political project, which already finds a spatial connotation in Plato, and “void” is identified as that concept from which different modes of projectuality are determined. It follows that, in today’s ascertained end of the modern project, the possibility of a different conception of the project opens up, one that is not defined as an alternative to use as modernity intended, but rather is shaped from use itself, so that the present space of expectation can disclose its own horizon of the future
