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Hegel i postmodernizam: ponovni susret
No full textThis paper introduces and addresses fresh perspectives in the engagement between Hegel and his postmodern critics and detractors. The first part of the paper examines some of the central discussions on postmodernity, specifically in the works of Lyotard and Habermas, and how they, in different ways, reengage Hegel. The second part focuses on Vattimo’s deployment of the concept of the postmodern credo as a way of returning to Hegel’s own interrogation of modern belief. The paper shows that the common thread linking the modernity of Hegel with the “postmodern moment” remains belief, and in particular, belief in belief itself. The final part provides a brief introduction to all the contributions in this issue.Ovaj rad uvodi i razmatra nove perspektive u odnosu između Hegela i njegovih postmoder nih kritičara i protivnika. Prvi deo rada ispituje neke od centralnih rasprava o postmodernosti,
posebno u delima Liotara i Habermasa, i kako oni, na različite načine, referišu na Hegela. Dru gi deo se fokusira na Vatimovo korišćenje koncepta postmodernog creda kao načina povratka
Hegelovom sopstvenom ispitivanju modernog verovanja. Rad pokazuje da je zajednička nit
koja povezuje modernost Hegela sa „postmodernim trenutkom“ verovanje, posebno verova nje u samo verovanje. Poslednji deo pruža kratki uvod u sve priloge ovog tematskog broja
Hegel i postmodernost: ka bez-konačnost
No full textThe article delves into the multifaceted interplay between Hegel and postmodernity, as well as between postmodernity and the contemporary era. Both perspectives grapple with the notion of modernity, intricately tied to considerations of history, the idea of ending, and the concept of historical breaks. Deriving an analysis of the leading ideas of modernity and postmodernity, focusing especially on their relation to Hegel’s philosophy, we propose the thesis that postmodernity is not an epoch that succeeded modernity, but rather a transitional phase contributing to the decline of modernity itself. The contours of this new epoch, as yet indefinable or explicable, are revealed through significant shifts that have recently unsettled the fundamental frameworks upon which modernity was constructed. In doing so, we show that Hegel, who is certainly not a postmodernist, points to precisely the mechanism through which modernity can be transcended, which concerns human relation to substance, being, and time. Moreover, as it entails a revised human engagement with finitude and infinity, we term this relation “In-Finitude”, or “Un-Endlichkeit”.Apstrakt
Članak se bavi višestrukom interakcijom između Hegela i postmoderne, kao i između pos tmoderne i savremene epohe. Obe perspektive se bore sa pojmom modernosti, zamršeno
povezanim sa razmatranjima istorije, idejom kraja i konceptom istorijskih prekida. Izvodeći
analizu vodećih ideja moderne i postmoderne, te fokusirajući se naročito na njihov odnos
prema Hegelovoj filozofiji, predlažemo tezu da postmodernost nije epoha koja je nasledila
modernost, već prelazna faza koja doprinosi propadanju same modernosti. Konture ove nove
epohe, još uvek neodredive ili objašnjive, otkrivaju se kroz značajne promene koje su nedav no poremetile temeljne okvire na kojima je izgrađena modernost. Time pokazujemo da He gel, koji svakako nije postmodernista, upravo ukazuje na mehanizam preko kojeg se moder nost može transcendirati, a tiče se ljudskog odnosa prema supstanciji, biću i vremenu. Štaviše,
pošto podrazumeva revidirani ljudski angažman sa konačnošću i beskonačnošću, ovaj odnos
nazivamo „bez-konačnost“ ili „Un-Endlichkeit“
Posle Hegela: Postmoderna genealogija istorijske fikcije
No full textIn this article, we analyze a possible form of the relationship between modernity and postmodernity by examining the transformation of the place of enunciation of criticism as a philosophical narrative and using it as a historical and philosophical criterion. To achieve this, we first focus on key moments in the critical discourse of modernity, and then analyze the role of Kantian criticism in the formation of a postmodern imaginary associated with the notions of useful fiction and linguistification. Finally, from a Hegelian perspective, we consider the validity of the idea of universal history and its connections to emancipatory narratives.U ovom članku analiziramo mogući oblik odnosa između modernosti i postmodernosti ispi tivanjem transformacije mesta enuncijacije kritike kao filozofskog narativa i njenog korišće nja kao istorijskog i filozofskog kriterijuma. Kako bismo to postigli, prvo se fokusiramo na
ključne trenutke u kritičkom diskursu modernosti, a zatim analiziramo ulogu Kantove kritike
u formiranju postmodernog imaginarija koji je povezan s pojmovima korisne fikcije i lingvi stifikacije. Najzad, iz hegelijanske perspektive, razmatramo validnost ideje univerzalne isto rije, kao i njene veze s emancipatorskim narativ
A puzzle about knowledge ascriptions
No full textPhilosophers have argued that stakes affect knowledge: a given amount of evidence may suffice for knowledge if the stakes are low, but not if the stakes are high. By contrast, empirical work on the influence of stakes on ordinary knowledge ascriptions has been divided along methodological lines: “evidence-fixed” prompts rarely find stakes effects, while “evidence-seeking” prompts consistently find them. We present a cross-cultural study using both evidence-fixed and evidence-seeking prompts with a diverse sample of 17 populations in 11 countries, speaking 14 languages. Our study is the first to use an evidence-seeking prompt cross-culturally, and includes several previously untested populations (including indigenous populations). Across cultures, we do not find evidence of a stakes effect with our evidence-fixed prompt, but do with our evidence-seeking prompt. We argue that the divergent results reveal a tension within folk epistemology: people's beliefs about when it is appropriate to ascribe knowledge differ significantly from their actual practice in ascribing knowledge
Escape from the Agora to the Garden in the contemporary Balkans
No full textIn my presentation, I plan to discuss a contemporary phenomenon that is increasingly noticeable—an attenuated interest in public and political affairs in the modern Balkans. I aim to draw parallels with ancient times to highlight historical patterns and contrasts. The elections in the western Balkans over the past decade have seen an average turnout of approximately 50%. The low participation can be attributed to a prevailing belief among citizens that elections bring about little change. Consequently, a significant portion of the population chooses to abstain from active engagement in public affairs.
I believe that the foundation and explanation for this disinterest can be found in the ancient philosophical tradition, more precisely, in the Epicurean school. Namely, Epicurus organized his school in the garden outside the city walls, which aimed to be completely independent and self-sufficient. Epicurus attitude towards political activity (that can be subsumed under maxim “live unnoticed”) was completely different from his famous predecessors. Aristotle, for example, believed that an individual could attain self-realization only within the political community. Plato would agree with Aristotle; and even apart from the philosophical schools, individuals from aristocratic families typically embraced comparable viewpoints.
A parallel can be drawn between the political landscapes of ancient Greece following the conquests of Alexander the Great and the present-day political scenario in the Balkans, which find themselves in the waiting room for Europe. In both cases, a common feature is the erosion of trust in political institutions. In times of political collapse, the attention transitions from the Agora to the Garden, mirroring the historical example of ancient Greece where ordinary individuals sought to safeguard their lives by withdrawing from active social involvement. Being repeatedly disappointed by their political representatives, the individuals from the Balkans retreat into their shells or niches, seeking peace and wellbeing in their own microcosm
Should Androids Go to School?
No full textThis study explores humanity’s self-understanding amidst advanced technological development, focusing on the (un)imaginability of android education. The first part traces humanity's rootlessness from the Renaissance to transhumanism. The second part examines the history of imagining and constructing artificial humans. The middle section discusses challenges posed by artificial intelligence and androids to traditional human visions, advocating for critical posthumanism. The final section differentiates two potential scenarios for humans and human-like robots: recognition of equality, mixing, and hybridity. It highlights evolving views on educating artificial beings, from outright rejection to possible integration, though still within sci-fi realms
Responsibility for the Actions of Others During the Armed Conflict
No full textDok je moralna i pravna odgovornost pojedinca za svoje postupke predmet brojnih razmatranja, postoji značajan prostor za dalja istraživanja o odgovornosti za postupke drugih, naročito u kontekstu razvoja veštačke inteligencije. Ovaj rad se bavi specifičnim oblikom odgovornosti za druge – odgovornošću za postupke ljudi i neljudi u kontekstu oružanog sukoba. Rad istražuje koncept individualne komandne odgovornosti kroz njegovu primenu na postupke potčinjenih, i to ljudi i autonomnih oružanih sistema. Kada postoji komandna odgovornost? Koji testovi se primenjuju da bi se ona utvrdila? Da li se i kako institut „znao ili morao znati“ iz međunarodnog humanitarnog prava može primeniti na postupanje autonomnih oružanih sistema? Dokle seže autonomnost ovakvih sistema i koje su njene posledice po utvrđivanje odgovornosti? To su centralna pitanja ovog istraživanja.While the moral and legal responsibility of an individual for his/her actions has
been the subject of numerous scholarly considerations, there is considerable room
for further research on the responsibility for the acts of others, especially in the context of the development of artificial intelligence. This article deals with a specific
form of responsibility for others - responsibility for the actions of humans and nonhumans in the context of armed conflict. The article explores the concept of individual command responsibility through its application to the actions of subordinates,
namely humans and autonomous weapon systems. When does command responsibility exist? What tests are used to determine it? Can and how the institute “knew or
had reason to know” from international humanitarian law be applied to the actions
of autonomous weapon systems? How far does the autonomy of such systems extend
and what are its consequences for determining responsibility? These are the central
questions of this research
Half-Education as Alienated Spirit: Adorno via Hegel
No full textAutori ovog rada nastoje da rekonstruišu i izlože Adornovo razumevanje
poluobrazovanja kao otuđenog duha. U tu svrhu, u uvodnom delu osvrće se na nastanak
savremenog pojma Bildung-a, ne bi li se ukazalo na diskurzivni oslonac na koji
se Adorno kritički nadograđuje. Drugi deo rada posvećen je takođe referenci na koju
se Adorno kritički oslanja, ali ovog puta oličenoj: reč je o Hegelovom razumevanja
duha, otuđenja i obrazovanja. U trećem delu rada elaboriraju se „ideološke“, naime
one društvenoistorijske i sociopsihološke uslovljenosti za koje Adorno smatra da su
epohalno odredbene za deklinaciju obrazovanosti u poluobrazovanost. Završni deo
rada insistira na neophodnosti i aktuelnosti mišljenja (polu)obrazovanja u onom njegovom
antinomičnom karakteru kakvim ga je Adorno predstavio.The authors of this paper aim to reconstruct and present Adorno’s understanding
of half-education as an alienated spirit. For this purpose, the introductory part reflects
on the emergence of the modern concept of Bildung, to highlight the discursive support
upon which Adorno critically builds. The second part of the paper is dedicated to the
reference Adorno critically relies on, although this time personified: it is about Hegel’s
understanding of spirit, alienation, and education. The third part of the paper elaborates
on the “ideological”, namely those socio-historical and socio-psychological conditions
that Adorno believes are epochally determinative for the decline of education
into half-education. The final part of the paper stresses the necessity and relevance of
thinking about (half-)education in its antinomic character as presented by Adorno
Od secesije do podčinjenosti: Etički okvir za neteritorijalnu autonomiju
No full textThe purpose of the paper is to ascertain when non-territorial autonomy (NTA) arrangements are a morally appropriate response by states to various minority claims, given possible alternatives. As such, it is not about the relationships between minorities and majorities, but minorities and the state. The two main questions are: (1) What are the criteria of moral appropriateness? (2) When are any of the alternatives morally appropriate? Methodologically speaking, it makes sense to start from the most difficult of the alternatives to justify secession because it represents the most extreme possible claim of a minority towards a state, or even against a state. Once such a criterion or set of criteria is established, the criteria for other alternatives can only be reasonably lower, and the criteria for secession will be indicative of what these lower criteria could be.Svrha ovog rada je da se utvrdi kada je neteritorijalna autonomija (NTA) moralno primeren
odgovor država na različite zahteve manjina, s obzirom na moguće alternative. Kao takva,
svrha se ne tiče odnosa manjinskih i većinskih populacija, nego manjinskih populacija i države. Dva su osnovna pitanja: (1) Koji su kriteriji moralne primerenosti? (2) Kada je neka od
alternativa moralno primerena? Metodološki gledano, ima smisla krenuti od alternative koju
je najteže opravdati – secesije – jer ona predstavlja najekstremniji mogući zahtev jedne manjine prema državi, ili pak i protiv države. Nakon što se uspostavi takav kriterijum ili skup
kriterijuma, kriterijumi za druge alternative mogu biti samo razumno niži, a kriterijumi za secesiju će biti indikativni za to koji bi ti niži kriteriji mogli biti
Vrednosti, norme i društvena dinamika
No full textThe aim of this paper is to offer a distinct approach to the theoretical conceptualization of values and norms, as well as their relationship to one another. This approach views values as a factor that can hinder the integration of the existing order and potentially contribute to a crisis of its reproduction. The relationship between values and norms is defined as potentially asymmetrical. The concept of normative-value dissonance is derived from this asymmetry, indicating the dynamic character of relations between changes to the dominant system of social reproduction and changes to the order of values and norms. Normative-value dissonance can further be broken down into systemic normative-value dissonance, which occurs when the value and normative order are not harmonized due to changes of the system of social relations as a whole, and intrasystemic, which occurs due to changes in the dominant social order, without changes to the foundations on which it is based.Cilj ovog rada je da ponudi drugačiji pristup teorijskoj konceptualizaciji vrednosti i normi i
njihovog međusobnog odnosa. U okviru ovog stanovišta vrednostima se pristupa kao faktoru koji može da ometa integraciju postojećeg poretka i potencijalno doprinese krizi njegove reprodukcije. Odnos između vrednosti i normi je definisan kao potencijalno asimetričan.
Iz ove asimetrije proizilazi koncept normativno-vrednosne disonance, koji ukazuje na dinamički karakter odnosa između promena dominantnog sistema društvene reprodukcije i promena vrednosti i normi. Normativno-vrednosna disonanca se dalje može razložiti na sistemsku normativno-vrednosnu disonancu, koja nastaje kada vrednosni i normativni poredak nisu
usklađeni usled promena sistema društvenih odnosa u celini, i na intrasistemsku, koja nastaje
usled promena u okviru dominantnog društvenog poretka, bez promene osnova na kojima
se zasniva