University of Arts in Belgrade
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Hobbesianism and Jacobinism: Two Sides of Hegel’s Critique of the Contract Theory
No full textIn the article I examine and compare two different sides of Hegel’s
critique of the modern contract theory. The first one encompasses Hegel’s cri-
tique of Hobbes’ Leviathan, while the other includes the contractarianism of
Jacobinism, which, according to Hegel, had Rousseau’s The Social Contract
for its theoretical background. As I will show, Hegel regards both the Levia-
than and Jacobinism as a misguided attempt to found the state on the
arbitrariness of the subjective will. In the first place, I argue that both of
Hegel’s critiques rest on his sharp distinction between civil society and the
state. However, in his criticism of Hobbes and Jacobinism Hegel reveals two
different approaches. The former type of contractarianism results in a con-
tingent union of individual wills presided over by transcended political
authority that secures property and alleviates the natural fear of death, the
latter is characterized by an attempt of the subjective will to lay claim to
political authority itself, resulting in the exacerbation of mistrust and fear
among individual wills. I show that, based on this critique, Hegel turns to
Roman antiquity, and specifically to Roman virtue of ‘courage’, which is
conceived of as an alternative foundation of state sovereignty. The background
for this interpretation is Hegel’s requirement to locate forms of trust that can
serve as the basis of a political union and would not be reducible to a contract
Star Trek as a laboratory for international relations: science fiction as a teaching method in global governance
No full textStar Trek (ST), one of the longest-running science fiction series in television history, offers numerous opportunities for academic analysis. This article contributes to the literature by examining some of the most representative ST episodes to explore their treatment of International Relations and, more specifically, their potential to help students understand global governance. As we demonstrate, the United Federation of Planets’ approach to diplomacy closely mirrors power politics; this is evident in the Federation’s prominent role in global governance within the multipolarity of the ST universe. In this context, power politics serves to shed light on the Federation’s relations with non-members or potential members, while global governance is supposed to inform us of the Federation’s diplomatic efforts with external actors. Accordingly, ST can serve as a comprehensive teaching method to foster critical thinking, rather than simply imparting pre-determined knowledge. Within this framework, which involves discussion and simulation, ‘smart power’ emerges as a key policy instrument, enabling the Federation to both achieve and maintain a dominant position in the multipolar system
Mining areas and the environmental protection issue: The attitudes of the local population of Bor and Majdanpek
No full textRudarska područja u Srbiji nalaze se pred brojnim izazovima u domenu zaštite životne sredine i upravljanja okruženjem. Pored ekoloških izazova poput prekomerne emisije štetnih gasova, zagađenja površinskih i podzemnih voda i dr., prisutni su i zakonsko-regulatorni izazovi, kao što je usaglašavanje sa EU legislativom i ekološkim principima, neefi kasna primena zakona i propisa, ali i društveni izazovi poput obrazovanja i podizanja svesti stanovništva o značaju zaštite životne sredine i njihovo učešće u formalnim i neformalnim aktivnostima u lokalnoj zajednici. Anketno istraživanje je sprovedeno na slučajnom uzorku (N=300) u periodu avgust-septembar 2024. u seoskim i gradskim naseljima grada Bora i opštine Majdanpek. Na osnovu toga, u ovom radu predstavićemo stepen učešća lokalnog stanovništva u kreiranju planskih dokumenata i aktivnostima koje su značajne za lokalnu zajednicu.Mining areas in Serbia face numerous challenges in the fi eld of environmental protection and management. In addition to ecological challenges, such as harmful gas emissions, pollution of surface and ground waters, etc., there are also legal and regulatory challenges, including aligning with the EU legislation and ecological principles, ineff ective enforcement of legal acts, and, fi nally, social challenges of the local population participation in formal and informal activities within the community. A survey was conducted on a random sample (N=300) in the period August to September 2024 in the rural and urban settlements of the city of Bor and the municipality of Majdanpek. Based on the above, this paper will present the level of local population participation, both in the creation of planning documents and in activities signifi cant to the local community.saopštenje sa konferencije objavljeno u celost
Conceptualizing Psychedelic Pure Consciousness
No full textDrawing upon a meticulous delineation of pure consciousness’s fundamental and necessary features—including unstructuredness, maximal simplicity, selflessness, awareness as such, zero-perspective, and the absence of specific phenomenal qualities—this article asserts that a full-fledged experience of pure consciousness is attainable within the psychedelic state. Critically, this psychedelic manifestation is argued to be phenomenologically indistinguishable in its core properties from pure consciousness accessed via meditative practices. Consequently, this finding not only problematizes, but actually directly refutes Metzinger’s thesis, which posits meditation as the sole “best and most natural candidate” for achieving pure consciousness. Moreover, this work champions a soft phenomenological perennialism. This perspective navigates a middle ground between rigid perennialism and radical constructivism, underscoring the identical phenomenological core shared by all pure consciousness experiences, including those induced by psychedelics. This exploration further posits that psychedelic pure consciousness experiences can yield significant epistemic insights into the fundamental nature of consciousness, the self, and reality. Beyond this, a systematic phenomenology of pure consciousness is demonstrated to offer profound contributions to our understanding of certain religious–spiritual concepts such as God. Nonetheless, while acknowledging naturalistic critiques, a significant caveat is issued: extreme caution is warranted regarding religious–spiritual interpretations gleaned from such phenomenologies. Ultimately, the paper underscores the burgeoning importance of a spiritual naturalistic interpretation of pure consciousness
Истина и (ауто)фикција у делу Ноћ Елија Визела
No full textЕли Визел, истакнути представник књижевности Холокауста и добитник Нобелове награде за мир, у делу Ноћ из визуре петнаестогодишњег дечака Елијезера у првом лицу тематизује своје искуство преживљавања у нацистичким логорима. Иако је аутор јавно инсистирао на тестаментарном карактеру свог дела, каснија критика је кључне сцене његовог дела ставила на тест чињеничне истинитости, тиме преиспитујући аутентичност Визеловог искуства и жанровско одређење дела Ноћ као сведочанства односно мемоара. Ова критика се, пак, ограничила на класично схватање мемоарског жанра, тиме изостављајући могућност интерпретације ових сцена, али и читавог дела, у контексту (ауто)фикције. Полазећи од појма аутофикције код Сержа Дубровског и разматрајући жанр мемоара, аутобиографије и (ауто)фикције у постмодернистичком кључу, у раду на примеру дела Ноћ испитујемо функцију (ауто)фикције у интерпретирању проживљене трауме и осмишљавању сврхе живота преживелих након Холокауста посредством књижевности
Podcasting in Serbia: Podcasters’ Perspectives on Emerging Roles, Practices, and Functions
No full textPodcasting has become increasingly popular in Serbia, a hybrid regime country characterized by profound polarization, a lack of media professionalism, and widespread anti-press sentiment. This study aimed to explore how podcast creators view their roles and practices within the evolving media landscape, as well as the implications of podcasting’s growing popularity in the Serbian public sphere. The data were obtained through focus groups with 16 independent and mainstream media-affiliated podcasters, exploring their perspectives on podcasting’s distinctiveness, functions, affordances, and obstacles. Participants noted the ability of podcasts to provide in-depth analysis of often neglected topics due to their flexible, informal presentation style, as opposed to the perceived routinization, rigidity, and superficiality of traditional media. Podcasters affiliated with professional media described podcasting as an extension of their practices, providing behind-the-scenes insights and additional journalistic content, whereas independent podcasters prioritized genuine conversations to create resonant content tailored to specialized communities. Journalist podcasters attributed the appeal of podcasting to the authenticity and intimacy it creates but emphasized the struggles of matching these features with journalistic standards. While most participants believed that podcasting contributes to greater external pluralism by providing a space for neglected subjects, alternative narratives, and marginalized voices, some were concerned about the possibility of exacerbating polarization, as podcasts frequently serve divided audiences. By exploring the perspectives Serbian podcasters bring to production and the meanings they attach to their roles and practices, this study offers insights for scholars and practitioners exploring media innovation in hybrid regimes and emerging democracies
Kako je to biti svemir?
No full textCosmopsychism attributes subjectivity to the universe as a whole. What might that subjectivity be like? There are differing opinions in the philosophical literature, ranging from “simply a mess” to highly advanced. Mystical experience, if it genuinely brings unity or identity with the universe, could provide some insight. The evidence points to conscious mind of extraordinary quality and perhaps a universe with many cosmic subjects, an intersubjectivity that can be interpreted through the lens of a modified Leibnizian monadology
Duhovnost, svest i emancipacija života. Spiritualističko i katoličko tumačenje Karla Marksa kod Mišela Anrija
No full textMichel Henry is quite a unique figure in the phenomenological movement, as well as in philosophy more generally. In his work, apparently contradictory and heterogeneous motifs were integrated – in my opinion – into a harmonious, organic and synthetic unity. We can find in his philosophy firstly four leading and orientating traditions that articulated the main framework of his thought: phenomenology, Catholicism, philosophy of life (Lebensphilosophie), and the philosophy of Marx, the latter of which he sharply juxtaposed to the entire tradition of Marxism. In this regard, perhaps the two most important philosophical authors for him were Edmund Husserl and Karl Marx, the latter of which was considered by Henry to be the most crucial philosopher in the entire history of Western philosophy, and the most original and authentic phenomenologist (even in comparison to the founding father of the phenomenological movement, namely Husserl). Michel Henry believed that modern global society was in such a crisis from which only Marx’s philosophy could provide a way out, in a theoretical regard as well as in a normative, practical respect. Henry was of the opinion that without drastically overcoming capitalism, Western civilization – as well as humankind globally – would collapse in intellectual, spiritual and also physical regard. Barbarism, which was vigorously criticized by Henry as a fundamental and intrinsic feature of capitalism, reifies everything and renders things under the viewpoints of utility and profitability, including phenomena like subjectivity and consciousness. We must emancipate human and non-human, conscious and non-conscious, life by radically surpassing capitalism. With this gesture, we can reach a genuinely authentic society, which also relies on an emancipated form of consciousness and spirituality. In this paper, we attempt to show how Henry reformulates the Marxian idea of emancipation, based on the aforementioned four traditions
"The Prologue: Further Towards A Space of Her Own in the Holocaust Studies"
No full textTekst obuhvata pregled dosadašnjih akademskih istraživanja vezanih za pozicije i iskustva žena tokom Holokausta, vezujući se za područja studija sećanja, studija roda i studija kulture. Tekst takođe poziva i na promišljanje dijaloga sa datim akademskih nasleđem. Pored ovoga, tekst se u vidu prologa nastavlja analizom odabira i sadržaja priloženih poglavlja u publikaciji A Space of Her Own: Women in the Holocaust, dajući kontekst i uvid u čitavu monografiju
Affective and Cognitive Dimensions of Building Interpersonal and Political Trust in Adolescence: A Qualitative Study
No full textWhile political trust develops from an assessment of the performance of political institutions, interpersonal trust evolves in close interactions between individuals. Previous studies claim that both are based on affective and cognitive dimensions. However, their complexity and meaning are understudied, especially among adolescents and in different cultural and institutional contexts. The current research explores how early, middle, and late adolescents from Serbia, Italy, and Czechia built interpersonal and political trust during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted 18 online focus groups with 88 participants. The results of reflexive thematic analysis exposed various bases of affective (care, similarity, and reciprocity) and cognitive (knowledge, expertise, competence, and criticalness) dimensions of interpersonal and political trust building, respectively. Adolescents perceive the dimensions as separate and interconnected, allowing them to simultaneously trust and distrust the same individual or political figure. Beyond the crisis context, longitudinal research on the dimensions of political and interpersonal trust is necessary