University of Arts in Belgrade
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Na šta mislimo kada kažemo... Nova poljoprivredna politika
No full textPreko zadružnih i seoskih kooperativa treba
postići sinergiju ekonomskih mera, naučnih istraživanja i
koordinisanog usmeravanja proizvodnje da bi se postigao
optimum iz ograničenih uslova u kojima se trenutno nalazi
poljoprivreda u Srbiji. Potpuni promašaj restauracije
kapitalizma na ovim prostorima ogleda se u ekonomskom
pustošenju sela i neprestanoj depopulaciji uprkos
izuzetnom potencijalu za razvoj agrara.Ova publikacija je nastala u okviru projekta “Angažuj, inspiriši,
osnaži: Rizom angažovane demokratije“ koji realizuje Institut za
filozofiju i društvenu teoriju Univerziteta u Beogradu u partnerstvu
sa Institutom za demokratski angažman jugoistočne Evrope, uz
podršku Fondacije za otvoreno društvo. Stavovi izrečeni u tekstu
predstavljaju stavove autora
Blagostanje, razvoj i društvena pravda: uvod u pristup zasnovan na sposobnostima
No full textKao odgovor na nedostatke dominantnih paradigmi društveno-ekonomskog razvoja i teorija
pravde, osamdesetih godina prošlog veka nastao
je pristup zasnovan na sposobnostima [capability /
capabilities approach], koji je najpre formulisao eko nomista Amartja Sen (Amartya Sen), a potom filozofski razradila Marta Nusbaum (Martha Nussbaum).
Osnovna tvrdnja pristupa zasnovanog na sposobnostima jeste sledeća: kada postavljamo normativna pitanja o razvoju ili društvenoj pravdi, treba da
se pitamo ne koliko su pojedinačne osobe srećne
ili sa koliko materijalnih resursa raspolažu, već šta one zapravo „mogu da čine i da budu“ (Nussbaum
2000: 5, 21, 62 i drugde; 2003: 34, 39; 2006: 70, 73,
168 i drugde). Drugim rečima, pravo merilo razvoja
i društvene pravednosti jesu, kako i sam naziv pri stupa kaže, ljudske sposobnosti.
Ovo izdanje donosi tri teksta rodonačelnika
pristupa zasnovanog na sposobnostima. Cilj je jednostavan: predstaviti čitaocima osnovne teorijske
postavke pristupa zasnovanog na sposobnostima, te
istaći neka od ključnih neslaganja između njegovih
idejnih tvoraca.Preveli, priredili i uvodnu studiju napisali
Bojana Radovanović
Marko Konjovi
Women and Security: An Integrative Approach to Resilience
No full textOtpornost se opisuje kao sposobnost da se na izazove odgovori putem adaptacije, jer prilagođavanje omogućava oporavak i razvoj. Koncept otpornost je blisko povezan sa konceptom dobrobiti koji se razume kroz unapređivanje ljudske egzistencije u različitih sferama. Kvalitet života predstavlja temeljni element dobrobiti, a dinamično sagledavanje rizika i intenzivnih promena u društvu usmeravaju modernu perspektivu na bezbednost koja fenomenološki stoji u osnovama ljudskih potreba.
Povezanost daje ogromnu prednost u kriznim situacijama, jer kohezija u zajednici kreira potencijal za prevazilađenje krize. Uključivanje žena kao akterki u sferi bezbednosti usmereno je na postizanje takve kohezije, jer podrazumeva korigovanje asimetrije moći učesnika, subjekta bezbednosti i subjekta opasnosti. U radu se sagledava društvena regulacija uloge žena u bezbednosnoj sferi kako bi se utvrdili elementi povezanosti u odnosu na one koji dovode do izolovanosti. Cilj ovog rada je da ukaže na to da funkcionalan pristup obezbeđivanju bezbednosti, kao vrednosti koja omogućava održivost i razvoj zajednice, podrazumeva integrativan pristup otpornosti, odn. potrebu uključivanja žena kao akterki u sistem bezbednosti, jer društvena praksa koja nema integrativan pristup bezbednosnoj strategiji lišava to društvo njegovih ukupnih atributa i time negativno utiče na njegovu otpornost umanjujući je.Resilience is described as the ability to respond to challenges through adaptation, because adaptation enables recovery and development. The concept of resilience is closely related to the concept of well-being, which is understood through the improvement of human existence in various spheres. Quality of life is a fundamental element of well-being, and the dynamics of perception of risks and intense changes in society shape the modern perspective on security, which is phenomenologically at the core of human needs.
Social connections gives huge advantage in crisis situations, because cohesion in the community creates the potential to overcome the crisis. The inclusion of women as actors in the security sphere is aimed at achieving such cohesion, because it implies correcting the asymmetry of power of the participants (i.g. the subject of security and the subject of danger). The paper examines the social regulation of the role of women in the security sphere in order to determine and relate what enables building of social networks and what leads to isolation. The aim of this paper is to highlight a functional approach to security determined as a value that enables sustainability and community development, Such social function of security implies an integrative approach to resilience that features women as actors within the security system, because a social practice that does not have an integrative approach to security strategy deprives that society of its overall attributes and thus negatively affects its resilience by diminishing it
Saglasnost ili javni razlog? Legitimnost normi koje se primenjuju u situacijama ASPD-a i Covid-19
No full textThis paper extends Alan John Simmons’s conceptual distinction between Lockean (or consent) and Kantian (or justificatory) conceptions of legitimacy that he applied to the question of the legitimacy of states, to the issue of legitimacy of public decisions. I criticise the consent conception of legitimacy defended by Simmons, and I defend the Rawlsian version of the justificatory conception of legitimacy from his objection. The approach of this paper is distinctive because the two conceptions are assessed by investigating, using the method of reflective equilibrium, their respective prescriptions concerning the treatment of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and epidemiologic measures.
I argue that the method of reflective equilibrium does not support the consent conception. Considering the issues of treatment of APD and of epidemiologic measures, I argue that the consent conception of legitimacy is not well-equipped for the evaluation of norms that are not strictly self-regarding. This causes a deficit of prescriptions for relevant social responses. Further, by considering the case of responses to epidemics, I argue that such a conception can avoid harmful consequences only by recurring to additional, and independent, premises. This does not cause incoherence but reduces the coherence of a normative system. Finally, the consent conception is not equipped to support social cooperation in an optimal way, which has proved to be necessary in critical conditions, like a pandemic. On the other hand, I argue that the method of reflective equilibrium supports the Rawlsian version of justificatory conception of legitimacy, because of its advantages in handling the indicated issues. In addition, I maintain that this justificatory conception is respectful of freedom and equality of agents as moral self-legislators, and, thus, it is not vulnerable to Simmons’s main criticism.Ovaj rad proširuje konceptualnu distinkciju Alana Džona Simonsa između lokovske koncep cije legitimiteta (koja se zasniva na pristanku) i kantovske koncepcije legitimiteta (koja se za sniva na opravdanju) koju je primenio na pitanje legitimnosti država, odnosno na pitanje le gitimnosti javnih odluka. U radu kritikujem koncepciju legitimiteta zasnovanog na pristanku
koju Simons zastupa, te branim rolsovsku verziju koncepcije legitimiteta zasnovane na oprav danju od prigovora. Ovaj rad je karakterističan po tome što se ove dve koncepcije legitimi teta procenjuju kroz istraživanje, primenom metode refleksivne ravnoteže, njihovih odgova rajućih propisa koji se tiču lečenja antisocijalnog poremećaja ličnosti (ASPD) i epidemioloških
mera. Tvrdim da metod refleksivne ravnoteže ne podržava koncepciju legitimnosti zasnovane
na pristanku. Izumajući u obzir problem lečenja ASPD-a i problem epidemioloških mera, tvr dim da koncepcija zasnovana na pristanku nije dobro opremljena za procenu normi koje se
ne tiču striktno govoreći nas samih. Ovo prouzrokuje nedovoljan odgovor za relevantne
društvene probleme. Dalje, razmatrajući slučaj odgovora na epidemije, pokazujem da ova
koncepcija legitimnosti može da izbegne štetne posledice samo pozivanjem na dodatne i
nezavisne premise. Iako neuzrokuje nekoherentnost, ovo umanjuje koherentnost normativ nog sistema. Konačno, koncepcija legitimnosti zasnovana na pristanku nije dobro opremljena
da podrži društvenu saradnju na optimalan način, što se pokazalo neophodnim u kritičnim
uslovima poput pandemije. S druge strane, tvrdim da metod refleksivne ravnoteže podržava
Rolsovu verziju koncepcije legitimiteta zasnove na opravdanju zbog svojih prednosti u rešavanju navedenih problema. Pored toga, pokazujem dal koncepcijaegitimiteta zsnovana na
opravdanju poštuje slobodu i jednakost delatnika kao moralnih samozakonodavaca, te da
nije podložna Simonsovim glavnim kritikama
Hermeneutika sećanja: Gadamer i Riker
No full textThis paper analyzes the notion of recollection in Hans Georg Gadamer and Paul Ricoeur’s thought, in the context of time distance as “obstacles” towards understanding the past. Particular attention is paid to the understanding the phenomenon of “Death” as a time gap between the past and the present. In connection with this problem, we find efforts of philosophical hermeneutics on the one hand and historicism on the other. Differences between historicism and hermeneutics can be outlined in relation to the role that memory plays in the process of understanding in Gadamer and Ricoeur. What does Death mean in terms of understanding for history, and what for hermeneutics? How can we understand temporal distance? Is it possible and necessary to overcome it? What is the role of recollection and how does it participate in understanding? – these are some of the main issues that will be addressed in the text. Finally, the task of the text is to offer the meaning and significance of the hermeneutics of recollection in relation to the mentioned questions, through the interaction of the thoughts of the two authors.Tekst analizira pojam sećanja kod Hansa Georga Gadamera i Pola Rikera u kontekstu vre menske distance kao „prepreke“ razumevanja prošlosti. Naročita pažnja usmerena je na ra zumevanje fenomena „smrti“ kao vremenskog ponora između prošlosti i sadašnjosti. U vezi
sa tim stoje i nastojanja filozofske hermeneutike sa jedne strane i istoricizma sa druge. U
odnosu na ulogu koju sećanje igra u procesu razumevanju kod Gadamera i Rikera, daće se
ocrtati razlike između istoricizma i hermeneuitke. Šta smrt predstavlja u pogledu razumevanja za istoriju a šta za hermeneutiku? Kako razumeti vremensku distancu? Da li je moguće i
da li je neophodno prevazići je? Koja je uloga sećanja i kako ono učestvuje u razumevanju?
– neka su od glavnih pitanja koja će biti adresirana u tekstu. Na kraju, zadatak teksta je da
kroz interakciju misli dvojice autora, ponudi značenje i značaj hermeneutike sećanja u pogledu na navedena pitanja
Free Yourself from Yourself: The Ethics of the Self as an Emancipatory Educational Practice
No full textThe paper deals with Foucault's analysis of certain aspects of Stoicism and its relation to education. Foucault begins with the thesis that “our etho-poetic practices have become oriented toward discovering our true and substantive nature.” He turns to the ethics that separates our ethical or self-forming practices from the obligation to tell the truth about our nature. The first question is whether the concepts and practices of Stoicism such as Stultitia and Askesis, in their relation to truth or truth-telling and their specific relation to listening, reading, and writing, constitute educational practice. Also, if the goal of the ethics of the self is the constitution of the subject through the conscious practice of liberty, and if we define Askesis as the subjectivation of the discourse of truth, the question arises as to whether this is the kind of learning that could emancipate. More precisely, whether self-care or the ethics of self as transformation, which is achieved through the appropriation of truth and becoming the subject of truth-telling, can be free and independent, or emancipated
The pandemic: A breeding ground for authoritarian power grabs
No full textThis article attempts to demonstrate that the COVID-19 pandemic provided possibilities for numerous (non)democratic governments to impose new restrictions on civil liberties, persecute opponents, limit protests and introduce new mass surveillance techniques, thus turning a devastating biological virus into a damaging political virus that has markedly eroded the overall state of freedom in the world in just a few months. In countries considered non-democratic, but also in so-called democratic ones, the restriction of freedoms is justified in the name of preservation of mere biological life (zoē). This new historical event unveils the fact that the crisis has not been handled using democratic means, even in democratic states, but rather by means they have in common with all states, including the most authoritarian ones: by using tracking technologies, without any due process or control by intermediary bodies, by taking decisions by a few, and by using the urgency of the situation in order to be granted excessive powers. Using the interpretive framework of Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze and Giorgo Agamben, we illustrate the new direction of late capitalism and the dormant political effects of handling the health crisis
Зашто се ожалошћени не баве геометријом? Свети Максим Исповједник и 27. бесједа Светог Григорија Богослова
No full textРад се бави Амбигвом 14 Светог Максима у којој овај византијски
теолог тумачи једно мјесто из чувене Прве теолошке бесједе Светог Григорија Богослова. Упостављајући поређење, Кападокијац говори о томе како су евномијанске теолошке расправе непримјерене, као што би то била и геометрија у вријеме жалости. Максим се суочио са нимало лаким задатком: да протумачи ово чудно мјесто. Као одговор на овај изазов, он нуди неколико различитих тумачења, признајући да би био захвалан свакоме ко би понудио боље рјешење ове апорије. Неки истраживачи текста који су се бавили текстуалним критицизмом ове бесједе су то и учинили, указујући на могућност да је геометрија (γεωμετρία) заправо lapsus calami који је замијенио фразу „неумјерен смијех” (γέλω ἀμετρία), док су други одбили да прихвате њихов приједлог. У закључку су понуђене рефлексије о
ауторитету који отачки текстови имају – како на Максима, тако и на савремене патристичке истраживаче
Aporias and contradictions of the (post-)Yugoslav left: orthodoxy in a praxis way
No full textWe address the specific, leftist dissent in socialist Yugoslavia that was centred around the Praxis intellectual school. Our aim is to show the divergent paths that strongly marked the legacy of the group’s Serbian wing. Tracing the intellectual engagement of two prominent figures that ended on completely opposite ends of the political spectrum – Mihailo Marković and Miladin Životić – we want to show that the inception of Yugoslavia’s bloody dissolution can be traced back to the very core of what could be called orthodox left dissent. We analyse the “truly leftist” politics of Mihailo Marković during the 1968 protests, which devolved into support for the police and apologia for war and nationalism in the 1990s. We compare his central intellectual role in instituting a nationalist brand of socialism in Serbia to the public engagement of Miladin Životić, whose marginalization stands as reminder of those who dared to oppose the dominant nationalist narratives and offered a vision of life togethe