University of Arts in Belgrade
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Stavovi građana Srbije o učešću u demokratskim procesima 2021
No full textCilj istraživanja bio je utvrđivanje stavova građana i građanki Srbije u vezi sa političkim pitanjima, kao i stepena njihove spremnosti da učestvuju u demokratskim procesima koji podrazumevaju niz različitih oblika građanske participacije - od glasanja na izborima do pokretanja i učešća u akcijama
On the Metamorphosis of One Institution of Civil Society
No full textВ статье изложена версия эволюции института полиции, который исходно
являлся частью гражданского общества, а не государства. Несколько абза-
цев из лекций Гегеля по философии права становятся отправной точкой
данной реконструкции. Опираясь на высказанные в них идеи, автор объяс-
няет механизм возникновения полиции из деятельности граждан по уста-
навлению правил (протоколов) взаимодействия, надзор за которыми они
сообща ведут ради общего блага, – в этом, собственно, изначально и состо-
ит назначение полиции. Предлагаемая реконструкция может быть полезна
в двух аспектах. Во-первых, она указывает на постепенное вырождение ин-
ститута полиции, на превращение ее из института гражданского общества
в элемент системы государства и орган внешнего насилия, а следовательно,
на уменьшение участия граждан в деятельности надзора за соблюдением
общего блага и на превращение их в пассивный объект чуждого властного
воздействия. Во-вторых, данная реконструкция показывает, что различные
виды современной гражданской активности в области социальной полити-
ки (policy making) зарождались как часть первых полицейских протоколов
и связанных с ними действий.The article presents a version of the evolution of the police institution, which
was originally part of civil society, not the state. A few paragraphs from
Hegel’s lectures on the philosophy of law become the starting point of this reconstruction.
Based on the ideas expressed in them, the author explains the
mechanism of the emergence of the police from the activities of citizens to establish
rules (protocols) of interaction, the supervision of which they jointly
conduct for the common good – this, in fact, is the purpose of the police ini -
tially. The proposed reconstruction can be useful in two aspects. Firstly, it
points to the gradual degeneration of the institution of the police, to its transformation
from an institution of civil society into an element of the state sys -
tem and an organ of external violence, and consequently, to a decrease in the
participation of citizens in the supervision of the observance of the common
good and their transformation into a passive object of alien power influence.
Secondly, this reconstruction shows that various types of modern civic activity
in the field of social policy (policy making) originated as part of the first police
protocols and related actions
Provocatio: Vokativ Ius Revolucija
No full textЭта небольшая книга написана в форме литературно- Петар Боянич
философского эссе и создана на основе серии лекций,
прочитанных Петаром Бояничем, сербским философом,
учеником Деррида, в Белграде для средств массовой
информации во второй половине октября 2007 года.
На сербском языке книга вышла в 2008 году. Мы пред-
лагаем перевод книги на русский язык, рассчитанный
на самые широкие читательские круги, интересующи-
еся историей культуры и современной философией
An Essay on those who want to be wise and those who laugh at them
No full textAutorka ispituje zašto su određenim piscima komedije, i uopšte onima
koji se u svojim spisima služe humorom, ljubitelji mudrosti, jedna
od omiljenih i lakih meta. Pored toga, ovaj ogled ima za cilj da pokaže
da se stoici, interpretirajući smeh, delom nadovezuju i na Platonove
uvide iz Države. Ispostavlja se kako ni Platon ni stoici nisu preterano
naklonjeni smešnom, uprkos tome što se služe humorom u svojim
delima. Filozofi, naime, prema Platonovom i stoičkom sudu, treba da
budu dostojanstveni i iznad poroka. Osim toga, filozofi treba žive u
skladu sa svojom filozofijom. Upitno je, međutim, da li filozofi mogu,
i da li uspevaju sasvim (ako uopšte) da zadovolje ove kriterijume. Štaviše,
doksografska tradicija, ali i drugi pisci, ubeđuju da to nije slučaj,
tako što ukazuju na svojevrsni raskorak koji, makar iz njihove perspektive,
postoji između teorijske pozicije koju filozofi zastupaju, i
načina na koji oni žive. Taj raskorak, koji može da se razume i kao
greška, podstiče, izaziva, stavlja u pitanje, a naposletku i (do)vodi do
(pod)smeha.In this paper, the author examines why comedy writers, and in general those who use humor in their writings, perceive the philosophers as one of their favorite and easy targets. In addition, we aim to show that the Stoics partially follow Plato’s insights from the Republic in their interpretation of laughter. Neither Plato nor the Stoics have been overly fond of the funny or excessive laughter, even though they use humor and some of the characteristics of comedy in their works. According to Plato’s and the Stoic’ opinion, philosophers should be dignified and reluctant to vice. Moreover, the philosopher should live virtuously and follow their philosophy. However, it is questionable whether philosophers can and whether they succeed in meeting these criteria. The doxographical tradition, including the other writers, is convinced that this is not the case by pointing out a kind of discrepancy that, at least from their perspective, exists between the theoretical position that philosophers advocate and the way they live. This discrepancy can be understood as a mistake. However, this discrepancy could encourage, challenge, question, and ultimately lead to laughter
Task interruptions – the term, history, and performance consequences
No full textU ovom radu predstavljen je pojam (nevoljnih) prekida i njihovo mesto
i značaj u savremenom društvu. Prekidi su situacije u kojima smo
prinuđeni da obustavimo obavljanje trenutnog zadatka usled drugog,
prekidajućeg, koji se nametnuo najčešće iz spoljnje sredine (npr. zvono
na vratima dok pišemo tekst). Fenomen prekida se ispituje danas
iz perspektive kognitivne psihologije, i može se posmatrati kao posebna
forma multitaskinga. Teorije koje nude objašnjenje efekata
prekida na učinak u zadacima pre svega su teorije koje se bave pamćenjem
i zaboravljanjem namera i ciljeva. U tekstu je dat istorijski
osvrt na istraživanja ciljeva i najznačajnijih modela, koji su uticali na
formulisanje savremenih teorija pamćenja ciljeva. Prikazane su dve
dominantne savremene teorije pamćenja ciljeva, model pamćenja
ciljeva i teorija prospektivnog pamćenja. Takođe, prikazani su najznačajniji
empirijski nalazi u vezi sa uticajem prekidajućih zadataka na
učinak u glavnom prekinutom zadatku, kao što su efekat pauze pre
početka prekidajućeg zadatka, efekti znakova za prisećanje, efekat
dužine prekida, kompleksnosti prekidajućih zadataka, efekti sličnosti
između glavnog i prekidajućeg zadatka, efekti pozicije prekida i učestalosti
prekida. Prikazani emprijski rezultati su interpretirani u kontekstu
savremenih teorija prekida.In this paper the phenomenon of task interruptions is described and their position in contemporary society is discussed. Interruptions are present when the execution of a primary (main) task is suspended due to another (interruption) task that takes place abruptly and unexpectedly usually in external environment (ringing doorbell while writing a text). This phenomen is typically examined from the perspective of cognitive psychology and can be regarded as a special form of multitasking. Theories aiming to explain the effects of interruptions on the performance in the primary task upon resumption are ones dealing with memory and forgetting of goals and intentions. In the text a historical overview is proposed and historically most relevant ideas and models that influenced contemporary theories on this topic. Two dominant contemporary theories are also described: the memory for goals model and the prospective memory theory. Also, an overview of the most relevant empirical findings regarding the effects of interruptions on the resumption of the primary task is provided, such as the effects of interruption lag, memory cues, interruption length, complexity, similarity between the tasks, interruption position and interruption frequency. These effects are interpreted within the two contemporary theories
Universal Periodic Review and Policy Change: The Case of National Human Rights Institutions
No full textNational human rights institutions have become a salient feature of national and global human rights architecture. Although scholars have paid much attention to their general relationship with the United Nations, it is surprising that very little has been written on how this has reflected in the Universal Periodic Review as the UN’s only peer-review human rights mechanism. This article aims to contribute to filling this gap. Firstly, the article presents original data on the frequency and regional distribution of national human rights institutions’ participation in the first two Universal Periodic Review cycles. Besides reporting, the author identifies a plethora of other entry points and offers recommendations on how national human rights institutions can maximize their impact on the Universal Periodic Review outcome. Secondly, this article explores if national human rights institutions have been the objects of Universal Periodic Review recommendations. Have the Member States advocated for the establishment and strengthening of national human rights institutions through the Universal Periodic Review or not? Have national human rights institutions been high on Member States’ (foreign) policy agendas? How have the States under Review responded to recommendations to establish national human rights institutions? The implications of these empirical questions are discussed in the context of human rights compliance and norm diffusion literature. The article argues that while having some features of ‘rights ritualism’, the insistently cooperative and
inclusive character of the Universal Periodic Review facilitates a genuine discussion of existing human rights situations. This has a real potential to lead to human rights policy changes over time through the process of acculturation, which is demonstrated with the example of national human rights institutions-related Universal Periodic Review recommendations
Emotions and the Content of Aesthetic Experience
No full textU radu ću napraviti paralelu između fenomenologije estetskog doživ-
ljaja i koncepta afektivne intencionalnosti. Jedna od namera je da se pokaže u kom
smislu „komponentni“ pristup ne može biti prikladan ni razmatranju estetskog, ni
emotivnog doživljaja. Posebnu pažnju usmeriću na probleme oblikovanja estetskog
sadržaja i njegove nepojmovnosti. Na prvi problem ću pokušati da odgovorim osla-
njajući se na elemente shvatanja afektivne intencionalnosti, posebno na Goldijev
argument o intencionalnosti osećaja, i ukazivanjem na neodrživost razlike stav/sadržaj
u emotivnom i estetskom doživljaju. Drugi problem ću adresirati preko jedne od in-
terpretacija uloge osećaja u Kantovom shvatanju suda ukusa. Ukoliko ponuđene pa-
ralele još direktno ne pokazuju da se estetski doživljaj može razumeti kao emotivan,
onda je umereniji cilj ovog rada da ukaže na pouke razmatranja afektivne intencio-
nalnosti mogu pomoći da razumemo estetski doživljaj
Nature | Christianity | Patristics and Orthodox Churches’
No full textNature (Lat. natura, from Lat. nasci = grow, being born; Gk. φ�����σις) is a term used for either the totality of being or for various sub-areas of being, with a wide range of references and determined by differ- ent counter-concepts. Thus, the term is used in an array of theological discourses. Only a minor num- ber of them are actually based on biblical texts, terms, or concepts; later developments of theologi- cal or philosophical thought often determine the usage
Computer-based personality judgments from digital footprints: theoretical considerations and practical implications in politics
No full textAccurately forming personality judgments is of vital importance in a wide range of social interactions. Although people are able to make fairly accurate personality judgments of others, recent technological advances in machine learning made computers better at predicting personality than humans. In this review, we will focus on computer-based personality judgments and their theoretical considerations and practical implications in politics. More precisely,
we will discuss (i) the use of social platforms and digital devices in collecting so-called digital footprints, (ii) personality traits that are assessed based on digital footprints, (iii) advantages and disadvantages of using computer-based personality judgments, (iv) persuasive communication based on digital footprints of personality traits, and lastly, (v) the matters of privacy and informed consent. With this review, we aim to provide a guide how to use computer- based personality judgment in a way to serve the public interest
Culture Organism or Techno-Feudalism: How Growing Addictions and Artificial Intelligence Shape Contemporary Society
No full textThe book describes our tech driven society as the Culture Organism, while the most significant social challenge is repression of the individual by corrupt social agents. This is connected to the appearance of light and mild addictions, discovered through quantitative inquiry, which is put into a wider context, identifying the outcomes as social polarizations, appearance of echo chambers, spread of misinformation and fake news, rise of populist leaders and decreased democratic capacity. Theories of anomie, alienation and mass society are presented as a basis for research. The nature of media is examined in the context of addiction intensity, leading to the conclusion that new media, such as smartphones, are more addictive than the older media. This may be because new media have more reality-mimicking features. The study concludes that AI recommender algorithms are the most powerful social force and a new mass media, as they decide which content to expose billions of people across the globe on an individual level. That is why AI recommender algorithms may be considered a public good