University of Arts in Belgrade
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Predstavljanje odsutnog: granice i moguć nosti digitalne memorije i očuvanja
No full textDigital preservation has significantly expanded over the past few decades, renewing old and creating new challenges related to provenance, integrity, completeness, and context in memory and preservation practices. In this paper we explore how, perhaps counterintuitively, a more extensive digital historical record offers greater opportunities to misrepresent reality. We first review a set of concepts and socio-cultural approaches to memory and preservation. We then focus on the multiplicity of digital memory and preservation practices today, examining their limits, possibilities, and tensions; specifically, we explore the challenges of decontextualized data, personal versus institutional preservation, and “outsider” digital collections that are willingly and/or forcibly excluded from official accounts. Through these discussions, we review examples of what we consider good digital memory and preservation practices that take new approaches to context and collaboration. Lastly, we explore the optimism inherent in seeking to preserve human knowledge over the long term and to make it accessible to all.Mogućnosti i obim čuvanje digitalnih podataka i dokumenata značajno su uvećani tokom proteklih nekoliko decenija, što je obnovilo stare i otvorilo nove izazove vezane za njihovu provinijenciju, integritet, potpunost i kontekstualizaciju. U ovom radu razmatramo kako, možda kontraintuitivno, opsežni digitalni zapisi današnjice pružaju više mogućnosti za iskrivljeno predstavljanje stvarnosti. U prvom delu rada dajemo osvrt na neke od značajnih koncepata i društveno-kulturoloških pristupa temama sećanja i čuvanja podataka. Potom se fokusiramo na višeslojnost današnjih praksi vezanih za digitalno čuvanje, ispitujući njihove granice, mogućnosti, i tenzije. Konketno, analiziramo probleme dekontekstualizacije podataka, individualno nasprot institucionalnog čuvanja, te “autsajderske” digitalne kolekcije koje su dobrovoljno ili prislino isključene iz zvaničnih tokova i narativa. U tim promišljanjima analiziramo primere koji inovativnim pristupom uspešno rešavaju izazove digitalnog čuvanja. Rad završavamo osvrtom na svojevrsni optimizam inherentan nastojanjima da se ljudsko znanje dugotrajno sačuva i učini široko dostupnim
Simondon i Bom između determinizma i indeterminizma
No full textThe radical redefinition of the landscape of physics that followed the contributions of Niels Bohr and Werner Heisenberg at the start of the 20th century led to plethora [of] new perspectives on age-old metaphysical questions on determinism and the nature of reality. The main contention of this article is that the work of Gilbert Simondon – whose magnum opus possesses a scope uniting the most basic philosophical concerns with the (then) most recent breakthroughs in natural sciences – is highly relevant for an adequate understanding of the split between determinism and indeterminism, as well as the underlying presuppositions which have driven some influential contributions to this topic. To this end, the article shows that the more deterministic interpretation of quantum mechanics offered by David Bohm and Louis de Broglie proves to be a valuable reference point for a more precise use and understanding of Simondon’s transductive logic – especially when its philosophical lapses are considered closely. Finally, following the considerations of both thinkers, we aim at a more precise reconsideration of the stakes of indeterminism in modern physics, as well as a restructuration of what is often understood as a polarization.Temeljno redefinisanje polja fizike usled doprinosa Nilsa Bora i Vernera Hajzenberga na početku 20. veka dovelo je do mnoštva novih pogleda na vekovna metafizička pitanja u vezi sa determinizmom i prirodom stvarnosti. Glavna tvrdnja ovog članka je da je rad Žilbera Simondona, čiji magnum opus objedinjuje najosnovnija filozofska pitanja sa (tada) najnovijim otkrićima u prirodnim naukama, relevantan za adekvatno razumevanje podele između determinizma i indeterminizma, kao i osnovnih pretpostavki koje su značajno uticale na ovu temu. U okviru ovog cilja, tvrdimo da je tumačenje kvantne mehanike naklonjeno determinizmu, koje nude Dejvid Bom i Luj de Broj, vredna referentna tačka za precizniju upotrebu Simondonove transduktivne logike — posebno kada se pažljivo razmotre njeni filozofski propusti. Konačno, prateći razmatranja oba mislioca, ciljamo na preciznije preispitivanje uloge indeterminizma u savremenoj fizici, kao i na ponovno strukturiranje onoga što je često shvaćeno kao polarizacija
Premature Mortality in Serbia – The Effects of Air Pollution and Covid-19 Pandemic
No full textSmrtnost mladih u Srbiji je problem koji se često zanemaruje. U radu se kvantifikuje prevremeni mortalitet u Srbiji i to ukupan prevremeni mortalitet, kao i mortalitet izazvan pandemijom COVID-19 i aeroza-gađenjem sitnim PM2.5 česticama. Rezultati pokazuju da Srbija izgubi preko pola miliona godina potencijalnog života godišnje. Aerozaga-đenje PM2.5 najviše utiče na vojvođanske opštine. U radu su date preporuke u vidu promene paradigme kada je u pitanju populaciona politika (umesto pronatalitetne, na onu koja zdravlje stavlja u fokus populacione politike), revizije strateških dokumenata, fokusiranje na prevenciju i otvaranje podataka kao jeftinog načina da se podstakne istraživanje, informiše i edukuje šira javnost.Premature mortality in Serbia is a problem that is often overlooked. The paper quan-tifies the premature mortality in Serbia, the total premature mortality, as well as the mortality caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and PM2.5 air pollution. Detailed mor-tality (vital statistics based) data is combined with remote sensing data of PM2.5 es-timate how affected are the municipalities of Serbia by air pollution. The results show that Serbia loses over half a million years of potential life per year. Premature mortality due to PM2.5 air pollution is most prominent in municipalities of Vojvodina (North Banat). Results indicate that the initial year of pandemic does not paint a full picture when it comes to premature mortality caused by COVID-19. The paper offers recom-mendations in the form of a needed paradigm shift when it comes to population pol-icy (instead of a pronatalist one – to one that focuses on improvement of public health as a population policy), revision of strategic documents, focus on prevention and open-ing data as a cheap way to encourage research, inform and educate the public
The Scary Black Box: AI Driven Recommender Algorithms as The Most Powerful Social Force
No full textRecommender algorithms shape societies by individually expo sing online
users to everything they see, hear and feel in real time. We examine the development
of recommender algorithms from t he Page Rank and advertising platforms to social
media trending tools to draw conclusions about their social effects. Decisions on how
to simplify the complex world around us into dozens of possibilities immensely affect
societies and individuals. Similar to our perceptive apparatus, algorithms are eyes and
ears in the online world, as they focus our attention towards what they „think” should be
important, which is similar to news priming. That is why recommender algorithms are
compared to mass media, given their similar roles to sell products and prolong content
exposure of online users. This inquiry concludes that AI driven recommender algorithms
represent the most powerful social force at present
Big Suppla: Challenging the Common View of the Supplements and Herbs Industry Affects the Willingness to Try and Recommend Their Products
No full textResorting to complementary/alternative medical (CAM) therapies can lead to bad health outcomes or interfere with officially recommended therapies. CAM use is, nevertheless, widespread and growing. This could be partially due to the perception of the CAM industry as powerless and non-profit oriented, in contrast to the pharmaceutical industry (“Big Pharma”). In reality, both industries are highly profitable and powerful; to highlight this similarity, science communicators coined the term “Big Suppla”. Drawing from a sample of 242 participants upon all exclusions, we experimentally tested whether varying these attributes in presenting the industries impacts consumers’ evaluation of the two categories of products (herbs and supplements) and their willingness to try and recommend them. We also tested whether the effect is moderated by conspiratorial thinking, and whether it is due to a change in trust. All hypotheses were pre-registered. As expected, participants who read the Big Suppla vignette decreased the endorsement of both supplements and herbs, whilst, against our hypotheses, there were no significant changes in endorsement in the contrasting “Baby Suppla” group. Conspiratorial thinking was related to more endorsement of CAM, but it did not moderate the experimental effects. We also did not observe the expected mediation by trust. Our most robust results corroborate the idea that challenging the myth of benevolence of the CAM industry makes people more critical in evaluating its products or considering their usage. They support the intuitions of science communicators who coined the term Big Suppla, and can help in tailoring public health messages
A Crisis of Political Solidarity in the European Union and the Western Balkans: Reactive vs. Institutional Solidarity
No full textPaper given at the ECPR General Conference 2022 under the panel Multiple Crises and the European Borders of Solidarit
Između pop-arta i geometrijske apstrakcije: Slikarstvo Milete Andrejevića od 1961. do 1964. u Njujorku
No full textTema studije je prva faza u američkom periodu rada Milete Andrejevića od 1961. kada započinje, do 1964. kada prestaje sa specifičnim slikarskim stilom između pop-arta i geometrijske apstrakcije. Povod za istraživanje dela umetnika koji je u srpskoj istoriografiji spominjan samo sporadično kao član Zadarske grupe jeste potreba da se revalorizuje njegov istorijski značaj. Posebno važan period u njegovom radu predstavlja saradnja sa Ričardom Belamijem, koji ga uvodi u krug umetnika koji menjaju jezičke paradigme umetnosti u SAD početkom šezdesetih godina XX veka – poput pop-arta, hard-edge slikarstva i minimal-arta – antagonizujući se sa dominantnim apstraktnim ekspresionizmom. Andrejevićevo svedeno i geometrizovano slikarstvo s motivima iz svakodnevne, popularne kulture, ali i specifičnim erotskim insinuacijama, upisuje se u tom trenutku u američku istoriju umetnosti. Cilj ove pionirske studije je da se analizira Andrejevićev slikarski stil ovog kratkog i u istoriji umetnosti u Srbiji nedovoljno obrađenog perioda njegovog stvaralaštva.The subject of the study is the first phase in the American period of Mileta Andrejević, starting from 1961 until 1964 when he stopped using a specific painting style between pop art and
geometric abstraction. The reason for researching the works of this artist, who was mentioned only
sporadically in Serbian historiography as a member of the Zadar group, is the need to revalue his
historical significance. A particularly important period in his work is the collaboration with Richard
Bellamy, who introduced him to the circle of artists who changed the language paradigms of art from
the beginning of the 1960s, from pop art to minimal art. Andrejević’s reduced and geometricized
painting with motifs from everyday, popular culture but also with specific erotic insinuations entered
the American and world art history of that time. The goal of this study is to explore Andrejević’s
development in detail and analyse his painting style from his most important creative period for
the first time in Serbian art histor
Na šta mislimo kada kažemo... Novi oblici samoupravljanja: radničko akcionarstvo i drugi oblici demokratskih preduzeća
No full textWho Blames Female Victims of Revenge Pornography?
No full textRevenge pornography refers to any kind of uploading or publishing private photos or videos of someone without their consent. The public can often blame female victims of revenge pornography for engaging in the risky behaviour of taking nude pictures or videos in the first place. Certain individual and socio-demographic characteristics of the public can lead to victim-blaming. We wanted to see if characteristics relevant in the context of blaming rape victims for their victimisation, such as ambivalent sexism, moral foundations, conservatism, age and gender, contribute to blaming victims of revenge pornography. Convenient sample consisted of N = 364 participants (73.3% women), with an average age of 38.07 (SD = 13.74), and slightly more socio-liberal orientation, according to self-ssessment (a broad social attitudes 7-point scale ranging from 1-liberal to 7-conservative (M = 2.97, SD = 1.49)). In an online survey, participants were presented with a vignette describing a bogus case of a woman whose pictures a man posted on the internet. The participant's task was to assess who should take responsibility for this event on a 7-point scale, ranging from 1, meaning the woman, through 4, meaning both the woman and the man equally, to 7, meaning the man. The distribution of answers was trimodal (on word anchors) and negatively asymmetric because 52.2% of participants said that the man should take responsibility. After attributing responsibility, participants filled out the Ambivalent sexism inventory with 22 items (α = .91) and the Moral foundations questionnaire with 30 items (all five subscales, α = .66-.81). Regression model with sociodemographics, together with ambivalent sexism and moral progressivity, explained 19.8% of the variance in victim-blaming (F(5, 354) = 17.22, p < .001). Ambivalent sexism (β = -0.27, p < .001) contributed the most, followed by moral progressivity (β = 0.17, p = .01), while gender, age, and conservatism were not significant predictors. Content analysis of ambivalent sexist attitudes and less progressive moral foundations can help us create a substitute for the victim-blaming narrative around victims of revenge pornography which would still fit the mindset of current victim-blamers (e. g. “women take and share their private photos or videos to special men in their life to please them”). Besides the practical application, the study's findings contribute to the ongoing debate over the theoretical soundness of Moral foundations theory because holding less progressive moral foundations, which are exclusively proposed by this theory, leads to an apology for violence