International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences
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The effect of life skills training on the eve of the Emotion Maturity and Mental health of young couples married in Tehran
No full textIntroduction: Life skills are abilities, knowledge and behaviors that are learned for happiness and success in life, and teaching these skills leads to bio-psychological success, emotional maturity, and success in professional and personal life. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of life skills training on emotional maturity and mental health of young marrying couples in Tehran, Iran. Method: The target population of the study consisted of all couples who referred to Ahmadi Health Center in the second half of the year 2015, from whom 60 people (30 couples) were selected using convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to two groups of control and experimental. Before introducing the independent variable, the control and experimental subjects were pretested. Subjects completed the SCL-90-r questionnaires of emotional development and mental health. Results: According to the results, life skills positively affect young marrying couples’ emotional maturity and mental health. Conclusion: Couples who were well-educated in life skills are likely to show a high level of emotional maturity and mental health, thus they would establish strong and solid relationships with family and community members, and they socially show more desirable behaviors, and have a more self-contained concept, and this will allow them to assess, understand, and accept their limitations and abilities in a more correct way. Declaration of Interest: None
The relationship between spiritual intelligence, optimism and happiness in university students
Get PDFIntroduction :The Spiritual intelligence represents a different set of skills and abilities, each of which forms appear different in social and historical contexts. And it maybe used to promote optimism and happiness.The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence, optimism and happiness on Iranian university students. Methods: One hundred and fifty students (89 men and 61 women) were selected using cluster sampling and were asked to complete Scheirer and Carver's Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOTR), King's Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Scale (SISRI) and Argyle, Martin, and Crossland's Oxford Happiness Inventory (OHI). Data were analyzed using t-tests and Pearson correlation coefficients and regression analysis. Results: Results of the current study provide additional evidence that based on spiritual intelligence can predict happiness and optimism. There was a significant relationship found between total spiritual intelligence scores and optimism (r =0.219 p > 0.05). Also, Stepwise regression showed that when happiness and spiritual intelligence were entered in the equation, coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.26. This means that happiness alone explains 26% of the total variance for spiritual intelligence. Conclusion: Results of the current study provide additional evidence for the role of spiritual intelligence between students. In the other words, the findings of the present study supports the role of spiritual intelligence in anticipation of optimism and happiness in students. On the other hand, by holding workshops to increase students' spiritual intelligence, can promote two behavioral features of happiness and optimism in them as well. Declaration of Interest: Non
A Cross Sectional Study of Iranian Women and Sex Preference for Children
Get PDFBackground: Children sex preferences may have significant effects in fertility behavior which is an influential component of population dynamics and could control the population size, structure, and composition. One of the core concerns of researches and policy makers is to study these determinants.Objectives: The main objective of this study is to investigate Iranian women’s sex preference and its highly influential factors through applying Classification & Regression Trees algorithm as a practical classification method.Materials: A cross-sectional study during 2014 was conducted to collect demographical data of 1250 Iranian women in age 15-49. To classify sex preferences for children, age, educational level, place of residence, and difference number of siblings for women, were nominated as predictors.Results: 71 percentages of women’s sex preference have been classified correctly (the accuracy of the model=0.71). In extracted decision tree, women's age, educational level and difference number of siblings were significant. One of the vital results indicated that educated Iranian women in different age cohorts are in favor of having girls.Conclusions: Classification & Regression Trees is an effective and easy to interpret non-parametric method which builds classification tree for predicting dependent variables
A Comparison of Leptin, Body Mass Index and Self-Efficacy Modification Levels after LEARN Program and Cognitive- Behavior Intervention among Obese and Subsequent Overweight Women
No full textIntroduction: This research is conducted with the aim of making a comparison of effectiveness of LEARN program and cognitive- behavioral intervention (CBT) on modifying leptin and body mass index levels as well as subsequent eating and exercise self-efficacy among overweight and obese women. Method: after announcement, 30 female volunteers with BMI more than 25 who were eligible for exclude- include criteria of experiment, were chosen and randomly assigned to two experimental groups including multidimensional LEARN and CBT intervention program, two groups of 15 member. After that, all the participants were replied (responded) to of eating and exercise self-efficacy items embedded in the questionnaires they received. Their BMI were calculated. Furthermore, to determine the Leptin levels, subjects’ blood samples were also measured and analyzed. Results: Analysis of data was carried out using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) which is a statistical method, with Frequent measuring revealed that both interventions culminate in a significant decrease in BMI and leptin levels and also an increase in eating and exercise self-efficacy (P<0.05); but, there were no significant differences, between two interventions, in these factors except Leptin (P>0.05). Besides, decrease in leptin levels were more significant in the LEARN group in comparison to those of CBT (P<0.05). Discussion and Conclusion: Both interventions by receiving positive feedback from health status and subsequent weight loss and improved physical function will lead to an enhancement in physical-bio-psychological components; But, LEARN program intervention due to its concentration on behavioral pathways could leads to more changes in biological components’ levels such as leptin
Efficacy of intramuscular haloperidol versus haloperidol plus promethazine in controlling aggressive behavior of psychiatric patients admitted to emergency rooms
Get PDFIntroduction: The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic and adverse effects of haloperidol to the combination of haloperidol and promethazine (antipsychotic + antihistamine) for controlling patients with aggressive or violent behavior referred to psychiatric emergency rooms. Methods: Using a double-blind randomized controlled trial, 100 psychiatric patients admitted to emergency room of Taleghani hospital, Tehran/Iran, randomly received intramuscular haloperidol or haloperidol plus promethazine. The patients were observed at 20, 40, 60, 120 minute intervals and then at 6, 12 and 24 hourly intervals to determine if they were tranquil or asleep, need for further injection, serious adverse effects, acute dystonia, akathisia, need for other medications, and need for admission to hospital based on clinical judgment. Results: The mean age of patients was 36.25 years and 69% were male. Patients receiving promethazine plus haloperidol were more tranquil after 2, 6 and 12 hours and sustained sleep after hours 2 and 6. Adding promethazine to haloperidol decreased the need for repeated involvement of the psychiatrist on duty, using additional medications and hospital admission. Patients taking the combination of haloperidol and promethazine did not experience more adverse effects than those taking only haloperidol. Conclusion: The combination of haloperidol plus promethazine can be safely used in emergency rooms for controlling patient with agitation and aggressive behavior resulting in a sustained tranquilization or asleep and lower need for further intervention
The Efficacy of Emotion Regulation Therapy (ERT) in Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): symptom reduction and improving of emotion regulation and mindfulness skills
Get PDFBackground: According to Emotion Dysregulation Model (EMD), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) symptoms may be maintained by emotional hyperarousal, experience of intense emotion, poorer understanding of emotions, negative attitudes about emotions, and maladaptive emotion regulation and management. based on the EMD, Emotion Regulation Therapy (ERT) is a mechanism-targeted intervention that cultivating emotion regulation skills. Materials and Methods: Four men with generalized anxiety disorder were selected from Counseling Center of University of Tehran and Talieh Mehr clinic. Anxiety and Related Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-IV (ADIS-IV) were used to diagnosis GAD and other disorders. Subjects were selected using purposeful sampling, multiple baseline experimental single case study was used as the method of the present study. The treatment program was carried out for 14 weekly sessions (14-session version), with a follow-up period of 2 months subsequent to treatment termination. Subjects completed the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7), The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) in the baseline, during treatment, post-treatment and follow-up period. Results: The patients demonstrated distinct improvements in symptom severity (i.e., worry, anxiety and GAD cretria in GAD-7), and in model-related outcomes including, mindful attending/acceptance, and cognitive reappraisal. Patients maintained gains across the two month follow-up period. In addition to, ERT was very well tolerated by patients and all of patients completed sessions. Conclusion: Results of present study provide additional evidence for the efficacy of the ERT in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and additional support for the role of emotion dysregulation in the onset, maintenance, and treatment GAD
Hyperaldosteronism and bipolar mixed episode: A case report
No full textIntroduction: Aldosterone is a steroid hormone produced by the outer section of the adrenal cortex. Both glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids receptors are present in brain structures (e.g. hippocampus and amygdala) that are involved in behavior such as fear and anxiety. Methods: We report a 54 year old male who was referred from the endocrine ward presented with a dysphoric mood, irritability, insomnia, decreased in appetite, talkativeness, anhedonia, hopelessness, worthlessness, recurrent thought of death, somatic symptoms, which include palpitation and sweating. Mental status examination revealed bipolar 1 disorder, single episode mixed, severe, without psychotic feature based on diagnostic statistical manual of mental disorder (DSM4TR) The aldosterone was high and renin was low. Other clinical examination was normal. Conclusion: The age of onset, no history of mood episodes, atypical feature of this episode and associated hyperaldosteronism suggest the causal role of aldosterone in this episode. The patient was treated with Depakin 500m/d, Quetiapine 50mg/d and Haloperidol 5mg/d. His mental and somatic symptoms improved in 4 weeks. This case can show the relationship between hyperaldosteronism and mood episodes. For future studies, it is decent to do more investigation to find the role of aldosterone in mood regulation. Declaration of Interest: Non
Relationship between mother,s personality traits with perfectionism and Academic procrastination in first grade of high school girl student
Get PDFIntroduction: The Aims this ready project has done to determine relationship between mother’s personality traits with perfectionism and academic procrastination in first grade of high school girl students. Group of studying in this search involve all girl student who studied in first grade of high school in Robatkarim city. Methods: this sample chose base on science contained 200 person by simple random sampling method. For collecting data has used of NEO five factor inventory (short form) and Solomon & Roth Blum academic procrastination scale and frost perfectionism scale. Finding: This project is type of correlation. For data analyze has used describing statistic and perennial statistic person correlation and multi variable Regression step by step and was used. Results: There is significant positive correlation between academic procrastination and mother (neuroticism) and negative or relation with (extraversion, openness, agreeableness, consciententiousness). Also analyze regression showed that mother’s conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness are suitable predictor for academic procrastination. Conclusion: Some of the mother, personality traits, are predictors for perfectionism & girls academic procrastination .This subject confirm more than before intending parent-finials relationship interaction, especially Mother in shape some behavioral characteristic
The investigation of relationship between behavioral and decisional procrastination with personality characteristics among students of Tehran Universities
Get PDFIntroduction: The present study was carried out with the aim to investigate the relationship between behavioral and decisional procrastination with personality characteristic among students of Tehran Universities. Methods: the number of samples in this research includes 400 students (114 female and 286 male) from Tehran universities that selected using random cluster-multistage sampling and completed behavioral, decisional procrastination and five factor personality questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test and Pearson correlation. Results: Data indicated that the most prevalence of behavioral and decisional procrastination was between Shahid Beheshti and Tabatabaie universities respectively. On the other hand, procrastination was related positively to neuroticism and negatively to consciousness, extraversion and agreeableness. Also, there were no relationship between procrastination and openness. Conclusion: Considering the positive relationship between procrastination and neuroticism and negative relationship with consciousness, extroversion and agreeableness, attention to personality characteristics can reduce procrastination and in turn, improve engagement in educational activities. Declaration of Interest: None.
Distribution of sensory processing disorder in children 5 to 11 years in Tehran city
Get PDFIntroduction: Sensory Processing Disorder as defined by difficulties in setting up and organizing the variety and intensity of responses to sensory input for compliance with environmental requirements. This study was designed to investigate the distribution of sensory processing disorder in children 5 to 11 years in Tehran city based on sensory profile questionnaire. Methods: This study was a descriptive and cross sectional study that performed in children who have 5 to 11 years old. Data collection included a demographic questionnaire and a sensory profile questionnaire Results: In this study 2191 cases were evaluated in terms of sensory processing factors. According to this study morbidity from sensory processing disorder in boys is higher than for girls. Also the most common disorder was observed in sensory sensitivity factor and the lowest was fine movement and perception. Conclusion: Different sensory processing function in these children may explain their abnormal behaviors. These sensory processing dysfunction effects on child's daily life in areas such as play, academic skills and peer relationships, self-help activities. Therapists should consider the child's sensory processing functions when they set therapeutic plans. Declaration of Interest: None