International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences
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Studying the Emotional Intelligence and Emotion Regulation Skills in Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Get PDFIntroduction: Several Studies have shown that the clinical symptoms of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) include an emotional dysregulation and deficits in emotional intelligence. Present study aimed to study emotional intelligence and emotion regulation skills in adults with ADHD. Methods: Participants were 40 newly diagnosed adults with ADHD (65% female, 35% male, mean age 27.5 years, ranged from 19 to 43 years old). Symptoms were assessed using Conner’s Adult ADHD Rating Scales. The control group included 40 subjects who were selected using convenient sampling method. Both groups completed the 36-item Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and the 90-item Persian version of Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i). Data were analyzed using MANOVA. Results: Findings showed that clinical group differed significantly from control subjects with respect to their overall emotion regulation skills and emotional intelligence scores (p<0.01). Conclusions: Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder had more difficulties in emotion regulation and more deficits in emotional intelligence compared to normal subjects. Declaration of Interest: None
The Effectiveness of Self-Compassion Training on Self-Criticism and Academic Achievement in Female Students with Generalized Anxiety Disorder
No full textIntroduction: generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is the most common type of anxiety disorder and has high rates of comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders. Sever anxiety is the main diagnostic criteria for GAD.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive self-compassion training on self criticism and academic achievement in second grade female high school students with GAD.Methods: The present experimental study included pre-test, post-test with the control group design. The statistical population of this study consisted of all female second grade students of high schools in Izeh city in the academic year of 2015-2016. Screening was conducted and 302 participants completed the Penn State Worry Questionnaires, Then 40 individuals suffering GAD identified and were assigned randomly to experimental and control groups. The instruments used in this study was Slef-Criticism Questionnaire and student's average scores were used to measure academic achievement. The experimental group received self-compassion training for ten 90-minutes sessions, one session in a week lasting for two months. Analysis of the data was done using descriptive and inferential tests such as covariance analysis was conducted.Results: Experimental group showed significant decrease in self-criticism after being Trained (P<0/001). It also increased academic achievement in experimental group (P<0/001).Conclusion: Based on the result we can say that cognitive self-compassion training is an important factor in reducing self-criticism and to improve academic achievement in students suffer from GAD
The Efficacy of Emotion Regulation Skills in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Reduction of Psychopathological Symptoms, Emotion Regulation Problems and Improvement in Quality of Life: a case series
No full textBackground and Purpose: Emotion regulation therapy (ERT) is one of the third wave of cognitive behavioral therapies which address patients’ problem by improving four emotion regulation skills (i.e. mindfulness, allowing or acceptance, distance, and reappraisal). ERT could be applied for disorders with strong emotional element. Therefore, this study aims to determine the efficacy of emotion regulation skills on reduction of psychopathological symptoms, difficulty of emotion regulation and improvement of quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Method: In an experimental single-case design of baseline type, 5 patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were included in the therapy process after they satisfied necessary condition. The patients had 9 sessions therapy (i.e. 90 minutes). In order to evaluate efficacy of the therapy, the measures of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quality Of Life (IBS-QOL34) were used. To analyze the collected data, certain diagrams, reliable change index, improvement percentage, and corrected size effect (i.e. Hedges' g) were used. Findings: The emotion regulation therapy reduced the psychopathological symptoms, difficulty of emotion regulation and increase of quality of life in patients with IBS. Total percentages of improvement of anxiety, depression, difficulty of emotion regulation and quality of life were 32.25, 34.68, 40.21 and 58.44 percent respectively. Conclusion: The ERT reduced psychopathological symptoms and difficulty of emotion regulation and improved quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome significantly. Consequently, therapists seem to be able to use the skills of this treatment to reduce the psychological problems of these patients
Comparison of health- related quality of life between obese women with binge eating disorder and obese women without binge eating disorder
Get PDFNowadays obesity It is an important factor in onset of disease and early mortality followed by personal and social consequences. One of the effects of the obesity is its impacts on quality of individual's life while some studies proved that Binge eating disorder affects obesity consequences. So in this cross sectional study, among all of clients to obesity clinic Sina Hospital with sampling health- related quality of life61 obese women with binge eating disorder was compared with those of 74obese women withoutbinge eating disorder through performing sf-36 questionnaire and the results were analyzed by using independent t-test. Results showed that in six subscales of health-related Quality of Life, the group of women without binge eating disorder ranked over those women with binge eating disorder. Parallel to weight loss in obese and overweight people and due to its impacts on the consequences over the obese people, it seems necessary to equally focus on the treatment of binge eating disorder simultaneously
Investigating the components of English Listening Learning anxiety and English Language Classroom Anxiety in Predicting Adolescents Students’ English language Academic Performance
Get PDFIntroduction: The present research aimed to investigate the components of listening anxiety & English language classroom anxiety in predicting students’ English language academic performance.Methods: Considering the objective, the statistical population included all the female students in the age range of 13 to 18 years old studying in Shokouh language institutes located in Sari, Ghaemshahr, Babol, Babolsar, and Amirkola in the summer trimester of 2016, out of which a sample of 545 language learners was selected through multi-stage random sampling. To collect the data, Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale, Foreign Language Listening Anxiety Scale and Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were used and to assess the students’ English academic performance , their final scores was used.Results: Pearson correlation and stepwise regression analysis were employed to analyze the data subsequent to the administration of the research questionnaires. Research findings indicated the correlation between the components of English language class anxiety, listening anxiety and academic performance in the English language lesson. Based on the results of step-wise regression analysis,these variables explained 41 percent of the changes of academic performance in the language lesson. Given the Betta coefficients, Tension and worry over English Listening had the highest predictive power for academic performance.Conclusion: The practical implications of the present research indicate that necessary plans should be employed to control and decrease the effective factors of students’ anxiety in English language class and anxiety in listening skill.
Validation of Worry Behaviors Inventory (WBI) among Normal Population
Get PDFObjective: This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of Worry Behaviors Inventory (WBI) in normal population.Method: For this purpose, 286 participations (first study) and 40 participations (Second study) were selected in 2017. Then Worry Behaviors Inventory (WBI), Patient Health Questionnaire-9, WHODAS-II, HAQ, PHQ-15 and CABAH were distributed among them to respond. After collecting data, the reliability of the Inventory was assessed by using SPSS-22 and Lisrel 8.8, Cronbach's alpha, retest and split-half coefficient, then the Construct validity with other questionnaires to determine the psychometric properties of the Worry Behaviors Inventory (WBI). The Factor structure was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis.Results: The results of the factor analysis indicated that WBI has two factors and checking the reliability of the Inventory using Cronbach's alpha, test-retest and split-half coefficient reflects the stability of the scale, the Construct validity of the WBI with other questionnaires showed desirable discriminant and convergence validity.Conclusions: Overall, the findings indicated that WBI has good psychometric properties in normal population, and the tool can be used in studies in somatoform disorders. However, it seems that Worry Behaviors is the fundamental structure of somatoform disorders.
Modifying Alexithymia by Implementing Emotional Regulation Skills among Anxious Students
Get PDFObjective: The main purpose of this study was modifying anxiety and alexithymia by instructing emotional regulation skills among anxious female students in Tehran. Method: Quasi-experimental design was applied in this study. Convenient sampling method with 50 volunteer female high school students was utilized. Their scores ranged from 26-36 in Beck anxiety questionnaire and eligible to exclude- include criteria were selected and participants were randomly assigned into two experimental, and control group (each group included 25 subjects). Results: Data analysis and applying ANCOVA methods revealed the instructing emotional regulation skills could significantly decrease anxiety, and alexithymia among subjects in experimental in comparison to subjects in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Implementing cognitive and emotional regulation skills such as restructuring of content and process of sabotaging beliefs, modifying negative emotions, using reappraisal, reinterpretation, problem solving, mindfulness techniques, and emotional regulation could reduce anxiety and alexithymia symptoms in anxious students.
Relationship between transactional and transformational styles and turnover in sport organizations
Get PDFIntroduction: The purpose of this research was relationship between effective style’s management with employee’s efficiency and turnover in sport organization.Methods: Statistical population consist of all sport manager and sports staff of Golestan physical education that n= 37 top sport manager and n= 137 performational and middle manager selected as sample size. The multi-factor leadership questionnaire (MLQ, Bass & Avolio, 1996), Amabil (1996) organization creativity questionnaire and Felts (1998) self-efficiency questionnaire were used. To data analysis the MANOVA test, multi-regression analysis and Pearson coefficients in significance level of (P≤0.05) were used.Results: The results indicated that transformational style management (F=9.74, β=0.316) in comparison with transactional style management (F=5.019, β=0.109) and laissez-faire management (F=4.263, β=0.002) is the strongest factor in determination of employee creativity. Also there were significant relationship between transformational style management with staff efficiency(r= 0.23, p≤ 0.05) and turnover in employees(r = - 0.11, p≤ 0.05) .But there weren't significant and meaningful relationship between management styles with turnover. In other organizations that were use laissez-faire management, there were significant relationship between laissez-faire management style with turnover (r= 0.14, p≤ 0.05).Conclusion: Based on findings of research, suggests that employee turnover may be substantially reduced if sport manager exhibit behaviors which reflect employees’ expectations of quality management
Effectiveness of Educating Problem Solving and Decision making Skills on Mental health and Resilience of Female University Students
No full textBackground: The term resilience is used in mental health to describe a person’s capacity to cope with changes and challenges, and to bounce back during difficult times. Good problem-solving and decision making skills help young people to think abstractly, reflectively and flexibly. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of educating problem solving skills and decision-making on mental health and resilience of female university students.Material and Methods: It was done through a quasi-experimental design with pre-test - post-test and control group. The sample consisted of 30 university students who were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The experimental group was trained in problem solving and decision-making for seven sessions of 2 hours. The assessment tool consisted of Ryff scales of psychological well-being (RSPWB), Symptom Checklist (SCL-25), and Connor-Davidson Resilience scale (CD-RISC). Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance.Results: The results showed that educating problem-solving and decision-making skills increased mental health and resiliency of female university students (p≤.05).Conclusion: It can be concluded that educating problem-solving and decision-making skills can promote mental health and resiliency and can be effective in preventing the incidence and severity of mental health problems
A Comparative aggressiveness and assertiveness in coping styles students
No full textIntroduction : Assertiveness behavior may lead to failure of passive behaviors such as shyness and withdrawal, and in some people, can lead to aggression.The purpose of the present research was to compare the coping styles with assertiveness and aggressiveness in students Imam Khomeini University. Methods: The number of samples in this research includes 200 of students University (121females and 79 males) from Emam khomeini international university that selected using random cluster sampling and completed the coping styles (CISS) and interpersonal responsibility models(IRM). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one way analysis of variance and T- test. Results: [B1] The difference between the behavior aggression and the coping style was 55.31 and the difference between the behavior assertiveness and coping style was 7.03. Also, Data indicated it was relationship between assertiveness and aggressiveness students who have variety coping styles. on the other hand, students who have problem focused coping style, were more assertive and students who have emotion focused coping style, were more aggressive. Also, there were no relationship between females and males assertiveness. But was significant relationship between females and males aggression. males were more aggressive than females. Conclusion: Considering the positive relationship between assertiveness and aggressiveness with coping styles students, and attention to problem focused coping style can reduce aggression and improve assertiveness in students. Declaration of Interest: None