International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences
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The role of Mediator’s Spirituality in Relationship between Resilience and the Quality of life in Patients with type II diabete
Get PDFIntroduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mediator of spirituality in the relationship between resilience and quality of life in patients with type 2- diabetes. Methods: In this descriptive-correlational study, 300 patients with type 2-diabetes participated in this study with purposive sampling method. Quality of life, resilience and spirituality questionnaires were used to collect data. In order to analyze the data, structural equation modeling was used. Results: The results showed that resilience and spirituality are good predictors of quality of life. Also, based on the findings of structural equation modeling, there are significant and positive causal relationships between resilience, spirituality and quality of life, and the role of mediator of spirituality in the relationship between resilience and quality of life has been confirmed. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the use of spirituality as a coping strategy in people with high resilience will lead to improvement in quality of life. Declaration of Interest: None
The efficacy of the emotion regulation intervention on coping styles in patients with alexithymia
Get PDFBackground and Purpose: Alexithymia that is known as a kind of insufficiency in emotion regulation is a dangerous factor for many mental disorders. This study is conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of emotion regulation intervention on coping styles in patients with the symptoms of alexithymia.Materials and methods: The research method is experimental with the pretest – post-test and control group. The study population has included the B.A students of Kharazmi University in the year 2014. The study sample has been consisted of 40 students who had the symptoms of alexithymia in the Kharazmi University in the year 2014; these students in the scale of alexithymia have been scored higher than 60 and during the interviews they have been approved in terms having the symptoms of alexithymia and the lack of accompanying symptoms. Then, by getting their permission, these people have been randomly assigned in two intervention and control groups (N =20). But with the primary reduction of the sample, the number of participants in each group has been reduced to 12 people. The intervention group has been trained in 8 sessions of emotion regulation intervention training that each session has been lasted for 90 minutes per week. But the control group did not receive any training programs. The research tools have been consisted of the Tehran Coping Styles Inventory of Karvar et al (1989) and Toronto alexithymia of Besharat (2007). After collecting the data, in addition to using the descriptive statistics, the covariance analysis has been used to analyze the data.Results: The data analysis has shown that the emotion regulation intervention will significantly increase the use of problem-focused coping style (p<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the emotion regulation intervention can be an effective method to improve the problems that are associated with alexithymia in the patients who have alexithymia, and it can be considered as a preventive intervention to prevent the bigger problems of the people who have alexithymia
Prediction of emotional intelligence on the basis of executive functions and metacognitive awareness among female
Get PDFBackground: the aim of this correlational study was to predict emotional intelligence according to executive functions and metacognitive awareness in junior high school female students.Method: the study sample consisted of 182 secondary school female students at District 2, Tehran, Iran, who were selected using multi-stage random sampling method. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSEIT) and Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ) (2006) were used to collect data. In order to analyze the data, in addition to descriptive statistics methods, simultaneous multiple regression analysis was implemented using the SPSS statistical software.Results: the results showed that 39.9% of the variance in emotional intelligence can be accounted for based on linear combination of variables from executive functions, including number of classes, preservation error and other errors, and variables from metacognitive awareness, including planning/assessment and personal knowledge. These results could have numerous tacit applications in planning to prevent negative consequences of problems caused by weakness in executive functions and metacognitive awareness.
The Effectiveness of Group Choice Theory and Reality Therapy Training on Reducing the Aggression in Female Students
No full textBackground: Nowadays violence and aggression are one of the problems that have been seen in several levels and dimensions in the world. The present study investigated the effect of group choice theory and reality therapy training on the reduction of aggression among female students.Materials and Methods: The study employed a quasi-experimental method and a pretest- posttest with control group design. The population included all female high school students in academic year 2015-2016. Research instruments was Buss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). 34 participants who achieve higher scores on BPAQ were randomly selected and assigned into one experimental and one control group (each group17 students). Experimental group received eight sessions of 1/2 hours training and control group receive no intervention till the end of the study. Data analyzed by using ANCOVA test.Results: Findings showed that group reality therapy training, significantly decreased aggression scores in experimental group (P<0.05).Conclusion: This study confirmed the effect of group choice theory and reality therapy on the reduction of aggression among high school aggressive female students.
The Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Play Therapy on Anxiety and Academic Achievement among Children with LD
Get PDFIntroduction: The slow progression of academic achievement is one of the symptoms of children with learning disabilities (LD), which can be regarded as an obstacle to achieve educational goals along with anxiety. Play therapy is a way of changing the behavior of the child that is based on the interaction between parents and the child. This aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral play therapy on reducing the anxiety and academic achievement of children with LD. Methods: In a double blind randomized clinical trial, 30 students with learning disabilities were randomly selected through targeted method and were assigned into two experiment and control groups through completely randomized blocks method. Play therapy was presented based on Landreth's protocol to the experimental and the control group received merely the training of motivational skills. Subjects were evaluated in two time intervals of pre-test and post-test by the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale and three mathematical, dictation, and Persian courses. Data were analyzed by covariance analysis through SPSS software. Results: Primary outcomes indicated that play therapy was effective in reducing the anxiety index. Also, secondary outcomes indicated intervention based on play therapy was associated with increased academic performance (p<0.000). Conclusion: These results can be of importance in influencing psychological interventions as an independent or complementary approach along with other therapies in children with special needs. . Declaration of Interest: Non
The Effectiveness of Quality of Life Therapy on Depression and Anxiety among Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Get PDFIntroduction: Many patients with incurable disease, like multiple sclerosis (MS), experience depression and anxiety, therefore, this study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of quality of life therapy (QOLT) among patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), depression and anxiety. Methods: The design of the study was semi-experimental with an experimental group and a control group, including three phases; a pre-test, a post-test and a follow-up test. Statistical population consisted of patients suffering from MS referring to health centers in Shiraz, Iran. 24 patients were selected using convenience-sampling method. They were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (each 12 members). The experimental group received QOLT during eight 50minute weekly sessions. The control group received no treatment. All participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory–II and Beck Anxiety Inventory. The data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance method. Results: Comparison of the means of depression and anxiety scores of two groups in post-test phase showed that quality of life therapies had significant effects on reduction of depression (p<0.001) and anxiety (p<0.001) rates in MS patients. Comparing two groups in a follow-up phase showed that the effect of intervention was stable. Conclusion: This research showed that quality of life therapy has decreased depression and anxiety rate significantly in MS patients. It seems that using psychological intervention can improve the well-being of MS patients and they can benefit from the positive effects of a quality time program. Therefore, it is recommended that, in addition to prescription of medications, psychological interventions be done for these patients. Declaration of Interest: Non
Effectiveness of Transactional Analysis Training on Modifying Communication Apprehension among Individuals with Poor Communication Skills
Get PDFIntroduction: this study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of transactional analysis training on improving communication apprehension in people with poor communication skills. Method: The method of this research was quasi-experimental with two experimental and control groups and pre- and post-test implementation. The statistical sample was comprised of 28 people with poor communication skills (obtaining score one in standard deviation below the mean score in the communication skills questionnaire). They were selected based on inclusion-exclusion criteria by convenience sampling method. Subjects in both groups in one session responded to all items of communication skills questionnaire and Personal report of communication apprehension before and after training. The data were analyzed using software SPSS-20, ANOVA and MANOVA tests. Results: showed the transactional analysis training reduced communication apprehension but increased communication skills in experimental group compared to the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion: It is concluded that transactional analysis training makes a person familiar with his/her personality system, the relationships with others and improve his/her communication skills. Declaration of Interest: None.
Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (IERQ) in Persian speaking population: Adaption, Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties
Get PDFThere is an urgent need to develop appropriate instruments to measure student Interpersonal Emotion Regulation for the fields of research and practice. In this study, we sought to validate a brief measure to assess Interpersonal Emotion Regulation in students. The aim of research was validation of Persian (Farsi) translation of this inventory.Participants were 392 Persian speaking students from Ferdowsi University students by quota sampling. Participants completed interpersonal emotion regulation questionnaire, Kashdan emotional styles scale and stress, depression, anxiety and attachment styles of Collins. In order to determine the reliability of the questionnaire Cronbach’s alpha method was used, also confirmatory factor analysis method, content validity and construct validity were used to determine the validity of the questionnaire.The results indicate that there is positive and significant corelation between IERQ and secure attachment subscale. It means that students' predominant emotional styles are considered as adjustment and it is mostly used by people to control their emotion regulation. Alpha coefficient was 0.88 for internal consistency of IERQ. Also the results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the structure of the questionnaire is significantly fitted with data and all fitting indexes may confirm the model.It can be interfered from the results of the research that 20-item form of interpersonal emotion regulation questionnaire is sufficiently reliable and validated among Persian speaking students. So this questionnaire is a useful tool for determining inter-personal emotion regulation
The Effectiveness of Group Logotherapy in Increasing Resilience and Decreasing Depression among Individuals Affected by Substance Abuse in Tehran
Get PDFIntroduction: Substance use disorder is one of the chronic and often recurrent disorders that predispose a person to serious problems, such as AIDS, hepatitis and other chronic disorders. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of group logotherapy in increasing resilience and decreasing depression among individuals with addiction in Tehran. Method: Semi-experimental research method with pre-test, post-test design and control group was utilized in this study. The statistical population of this study included all individuals affected by substance abuse referred to drug rehabilitation clinic in Tehran. The sample consisted of 36 individuals with substance abuse; whose depression and resilience scores were as much as two standard deviations lower than the mean. Subjects were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Beck Depression Inventory and Caner-Davidson’s Resilience Questionnaire were adopted. Ten 90-minute group logotherapy sessions were held for the experimental group. Data were analyzed using multivariate covariance method. Results: The findings of this study indicated that group logotherapy, increased resilience and decreased depression in the experimental group. Conclusion: Logotherapy can be considered as a new way of introducing purposefulness and meaningfulness in life. It increases the level of resilience and increase happiness for patients with substance abuse through assisting them in discovering their real self, selecting individual values, and finding the meaning of life. Declaration of Interest: None
fectiveness of play therapy based on cognitive behavior therapy on physical ,relational and verbal aggression of preschool children's
Get PDFIntroduction: Aggression is overt, often harmful, social interaction with the intention of inflicting damage or other unpleasantness upon another individual. The present study was conducted with the purpose of studying the effectiveness of play therapy based on cognitive behavioral therapy on physical, relational and verbal aggression of preschool children. Method: The research type was experimental with pre-posttest design. Population was all children who were accepted in a counseling center Kermanshah City. 20 mothers of children were assessed with Shahin aggression test and then assigned into 2 groups (experimental and control) randomly. 2 groups were diagnosed with aggression and also matching conducted based on inclusion-exclusion criteria. 8 sessions of cognitive behavior play therapy were conducted for experimental group. The data were analyzed through multiple analysis of covariance using the SPSS-22 statistical software. Results: Research findings showed that there is a significant difference between experimental and control groups in physical aggression. Moreover, the findings indicated that cognitive behavior paly therapy is effective on reducing relational and verbal aggression in preschool children. Conclusion: The application of cognitive behavior play therapy is effective on reducing physical, relational and verbal aggression in these children. It could be concluded that Considering the capabilities of CBT, its application in children's behavioral problems, including aggression, is effective. Declaration of Interest: None