Jurnal Kelautan: Indonesian Journal of Marine Science and Technology
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Salinity Distribution Pattern in Spermonde Waters Using Remote Sensing Data (Copernicus Marine Service) in 2022
No full textABSTRACTSalinity is the total concentration of ions found in water. Salinity is important for the survival of organisms. Almost all marine organisms can only live in areas that have small changes in salinity. The aim of this research is to determine the distribution pattern of salinity in Spermonde waters in 2022 and to find out a comparative picture of the salinity distribution pattern on Kapoposang Island, Samatellu Lompo Island, Kuninggareng Lompo Island and Lanyukang Island in Spermonde waters in 2022. This research was conducted from August to October 2023 in Hasanuddin University Makassar, Makassar City, South Sulawesi Province. Research was conducted at the Indraja Laboratory, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries Sciences. The data used was satellite image data, namely CMEMS satellite image. The pattern of salinity distribution in Spermonde Waters with an average value of 34.04 ppt is the highest salinity in August, and for the average value of salinity distribution of 32.52 ppt is in January. The comparison pattern of salinity distribution in 2022 on Kapoposang Island, Lanyukang Island, and Samatellu Lompo Island has the same average value, namely the lowest January and the highest August, except for Koninggarang Lompo Island the highest average value is in September and the lowest is in January.Keywords: Salinity, Kapoposang Island, Lanyukang Island, Koninggareng Lompo Island, Samatellu Lompo Islan
Estimasi Arus Geostropik di Perairan Indonesia Bagian Timur dengan Menggunakan Satelit Altimetri
No full textABSTRAKLetak Indonesia yang berada di antara Samudera Pasifik dan Samudera Hindia menjadi jalur utama transportasi massa air dari Pasifik menuju Hindia juga menjadi tempat bercampurnya massa air dengan karakteristik yang berbeda. Pergerakan arus dari Samudera Pasifik menuju Samudera Hindia melewati perairan Indonesia Timur dikenal dengan Indonesian Trough Flow. Arus geostropik yang merupakan komponen penting dari sirkulasi samudera penting di perairan Indonesia bagian timur yang meliputi Laut Banda, Laut Arafura, Laut Timor, Laut Halmahera, dan Laut Sulawesi. Satelit Altimetri adalah teknik penginderaan jauh untuk memantau ketinggian permukaan laut, telah menawarkan wawasan penting ke dalam interaksi antara arus geostropik dan penentuan cuaca karena adanya interaksi laut dengan atmosfer. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi sirkulasi geostropik di perairan Indonesia Timur dengan menggunakan data satelit altimetri Jason-3 dan Sentinel-3 selama 2016-2021. Penentuan arus geostropik dilakukan dengan metode numerikal menggunakan persamaan Stewart yang memanfaatkan nilai Dynamic Ocean Topography dari data altimetri sehingga diperoleh komponen arus zonal dan arus meridional. Dari perhitungan korelasi antara Dynamic Ocean Topography dan Indeks Multivariate ENSO (MEI) Index diperoleh koefisien -0,8176 (memiliki hubungan sangat kuat tetapi berkebalikan) sedangkan untuk arus zonal dengan indeks angin muson diperoleh -0,2312 untuk Australian Monsoon Index dan 0,4472 untuk Western North Pasific Monsoon Index.Kata Kunci: Arus geostropik, Dynamic Ocean Topography, Satelit AltimetriABSTRACTThe location of Indonesia, which is between the Pacific and Indian Ocean, is the only route for air mass transportation from the Pacific to the Indian Ocean. It is also a place where water masses with different characteristics mix. The movement of currents from the Pacific Ocean to the Indian Ocean through East Indonesian waters is known as the Indonesian Trough Flow. Geotropic currents which are an important component of important ocean circulation in eastern Indonesian waters which include the Banda Sea, Arafura Sea, Timor Sea, Halmahera Sea and Celebes Sea. Satellite altimetry, a remote sensing technique for monitoring sea level elevation, has offered important insights into the interaction between geotropic currents and weather due to the interaction of the ocean with the atmosphere. The purpose of this work is to investigate and evaluate the geotropic circulation in East Indonesian waters using data from the Jason-3 and Sentinel-3 altimetry satellites during 2016-2021. The handling of geostrophic currents is carried out by a numerical method using the Stewart equation which utilizes Dynamic Ocean Topography values from altimetry data so that the components of zonal and meridional currents are obtained. From the calculation of the correlation on the Dynamic OCean Topography and the Multivariate ENSO Index, a coefficient of -0.8176 is obtained, while for zonal currents with a monsoon index, it is -0.2312 for the Australian Monsoon Index and 0.4472 for the Western North Pacific Monsoon Index.Keywords: Geotropic currents, Dynamic Ocean Topography, Altimetry Satellite
Kajian Mikroplastik Pada Ikan Ekonomis di Pasar Tradisional Kota Palu
No full textABSTRAKMikroplastik merupakan luruhan dari serpihan plastik yang terbuang atau sengaja dibuang ke laut. Dampak dari cemaran mikroplastik ini sangat berbahaya, terlebih lagi jika masuk kedalam jaringan tubuh hewan bahkan manusia. Ketergantungan konsumsi lokal tersebut menyebabkan tingginya resiko terpapar cemaran mikroplastik dari ikan laut yang dipasarkan melalui pasar-pasar tradisional. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghitung konsentrasi mikroplastik pada sistem pencernaan ikan laut konsumsi pada pasar tradisional di Kota Palu dan mengkaji jenis kandungan plastik yang terdapat pada pencernaan ikan konsumsi tersebut. Sampling ikan yang diambil adalah ikan laut yang dipasarkan di 4 (empat) pasar tradisional Kota Palu, sampel yang diambil adalah ikan yang segar dan biasa dikonsumsi masyarakat. Pengukuran mikroplastik dilakukan dengan metode destruksi bahan organik pada saluran pencernaan ikan menggunakan larutan KOH 10% dan H2O230% hingga 50%, perendaman antara 48 hingga 72 jam. Sampel diamati menggunakan mikroskop, untuk memastikan bahwa objek adalah mikroplastik metode Hot Needle Test. Berdasarkan pengamatan diperoleh hasil Ikan Kembung (Rastrelliger kanagurta) terdapat kandungan mikroplastik sebesar 0,375 item/ind atau 0,022 item/gr berat badan ikan, jenis mikroplastik yang ditemukan adalah jenis serpihan plastik. Ikan Baronang (Siganus canaliculatus) ditemukan kandungan mikroplastik sebesar 3,75 item/ind atau 0,071item/gr berat badan ikan, jenis mikroplastik yang ditemukan adalah jenis serpihan dan serat.Kata Kunci: mikroplastik, ikan, pencernaan, konsumsi, pasarABSTRACTMicroplastics are the decay of plastic flakes that were wasted or deliberately thrown into the sea. The impact of microplastic contamination is very dangerous, especially if it enters the body tissues of animals and even humans. This dependence on local consumption causes a high risk of exposure to microplastic contamination from marine fish marketed through traditional markets. The purpose of this study was to calculate the concentration of microplastics in the digestive system of consumption fish at traditional markets in Palu City and to examine the types of plastic content found in the digestion of consumption fish. The fish samples taken were marine fish marketed in 4 (four) local markets in Palu City, the samples were fresh fish and commonly consumed by locals. Microplastic measurements were carried out by the method of destroying organic matter in the digestive tract of fish using a 10% KOH solution and 30% to 50% H2O2, soaking between 48 to 72 hours. The samples were observed using a microscope, to ensure that the objects were microplastic using the Hot Needle Test method. Based on observations, it was found that mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) contained a microplastic content of 0.375 item/ind or 0.022 item/gr fish body weight, the type of microplastic found was a type of plastic flake. Baronang fish (Siganus canaliculatus) was found to contain microplastics of 3.75 items/ind or 0.071 items/gr fish body weight, the types of microplastics found were flakes and fibers.Keywords: Microplastic, fish, digestion, consumption, local marke
Model Hidrodinamika 2 Dimensi Gelombang Laut Permukaan di Sekitar Lokasi Reklamasi Kota Tanjungpinang
No full textABSTRAKPesisir dan pantai Kota Tanjungpinang saat ini mengalami reklamasi. Aktivitas reklamasi di pesisir akan memberikan dampak terhadap perubahan kondisi fisik pantai terutama akibat gelombang laut yang merupakan salah satu parameter hidro-oseanografi yang mempengaruhi perubahan wilayah pesisir dan pantai selain parameter arus dan pasang surut (Denestiyanto et al., 2015). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gelombang laut yang terjadi di sekitar lokasi reklamasi Kota Tanjungpinang menggunakan model hidrodinamika. Metode penelitian yang digunakan metode survei. Data yang akan diukur di lapangan adalah batimetri dan angin. Data lain yang digunakan adalah data pasang surut yang diperoleh dari prediksi menggunakan MIKE 21 dan garis pantai. Alat selama penelitian terdiri dari alat survei dan analisis gelombang laut menggunakan software MIKE 21 dengan modul Spectral Wave (SW). Hasil model kondisi gelombang laut dari musim utara hingga musim barat di sekitar lokasi reklamasi Kota Tanjungpinang secara umum arah dan kondisi penjalaran gelombang sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi angin muson yang berganti setiap 3 (tiga) bulan sekali. Angin dominan berhembus dari arah utara dengan persentase kejadian angin musim secara umum cukup dominan, terutama pada kisaran 3,60-5,70 m/s. Sementara itu angin yang berpotensi membentuk gelombang laut adalah angin dari arah utara, selatan dan barat dengan rentang ketinggian gelombang setiap musim dominan berada di antara 0,1-1,5 m.Kata Kunci: Model Hydrodynamic, Gelombang, Kota Tanjung Pinang, AnginABSTRACTThe coastal of Tanjungpinang city currently experiencing reclamation. Reclamation activities on the coastal will have impact on changes in coastal physical conditions, especially due to ocean waves is one of the hydro-oceanographic parameters that affect changes to coastal areas in addition to currents and tidal parameters (Denestiyanto et al., 2015). This research aim to obtain information about ocean waves conditions arounds the coastsl reclamation site of Tanjungpinang city using hydrodynamic model. The research method used is the survey. The data used include is batimetri and wind. Other data used is prediction tidal using MIKE 21 and shoarline. The research equipment consists of equitment survey and analysis ocean wave using MIKE 21 software with the modul Spectral Wave (SW). The results of conditions model ocean waves from the north season to the west season around the coastal reclamation site of Tanjungpinang city, in general the direction and conditions of wave propagation are strongly influenced by monsoon wind conditions which change every 3 (three) months. The dominant wind blows from the north with the percentage of seasonal winds in general being quite dominant, especially in the range of 3,60-5,70 m/s. Meanwhile, winds that have the potential to form ocean waves are winds from the north, south and west with a range of wave heights per dominant season between 0,1-1,5 m.Keywords: Hydrodynamic Model, Ocean Wave, Tanjungpinang City, Win
The Effect of Shipbuilding Material Type on Biofouling Growth at Boom Marina, Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia
No full textABSTRACTThe presence of biofouling has an impact on the ship’s performance, which is reduced to require more fuel, in the end, it contributes significantly to cost increases. Biofilms provide a suitable substrate for the growth of microorganisms. Ship hull as a substrate for biofilms has many kinds of material. Steel, wood, laminated bamboo, and fiber are often used for ship hulls. Different material makes different characteristics of substrate for biofilms. The aim of this research is to determine the growth rate of biofouling in each shipbuilding material and to find out which vessel material is suitable for use in the Bali Strait. The experiment was located in Boom Marina, Banyuwangi. The materials used in this research are wood, laminated bamboo, and fiber. The daily growth rate (DGR) is calculated every week of observation. Wood had the most biofouling with a DGR of 2,646 g/day. Laminated bamboo had the least biofouling in this research after 2 months of immersion with a DGR of 0,086 g/day. Keywords: Biofouling, shipbuilding material, daily growth rate
Hubungan Kerapatan Dengan Laju Produksi Serasah Mangrove di Kawasan Muara Badak Kutai Kartanegara Kalimantan Timur
No full textABSTRAKEkosistem mangrove mempunyai fungsi yang sangat penting karena memiliki fungsi fisik dan ekologis. Mangrove adalah satu di antara ekosistem produktif yang produksi primernya terdiri dari serasah, dekomposisi dan nutrisi. Tingginya produktivitas mangrove akan terkait dengan rantai makanan yang bergantung pada serasah yang terurai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kerapatan mangrove dengan laju produksi serasah di kawasan Muara Badak Kutai Kartanegara Kalimantan Timur. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli – Agustus 2022. Data kerapatan dan produksi serasah mangrove diambil pada transek berukuran 10 m2. Serasah mangrove diambil pada 2 stasiun penelitian menggunakan litter-trap dengan ukuran 1x1 meter selama 1 bulan dengan pengambilan sampel sebanyak 3 kali setiap selang waktu 10 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis mangrove yang dominan ditemukan pada 2 stasiun penelitian yaitu Sonneratia alba, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, dan Avicennia marina. Sementara itu, kerapatan mangrove pada pada stasiun I rata-rata sebesar 1.100 ind/ha dan stasiun II sebesar 1.133 ind/ha. Laju produksi serasah mangrove pada stasiun I rata-rata sebesar 0,74 g/m²/hari dan pada stasiun II sebesar 1,64 g/m²/hari. Hasil uji korelasi menggunakan regresi linear menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi yang kuat antara kerapatan mangrove dengan laju produksi serasah.Kata Kunci: Kerapatan mangrove, Muara Badak, produksi serasah.ABSTRACTThe mangrove ecosystem has a very important function because it has physical and ecological functions. Mangroves are one of the productive ecosystems whose primary production consists of litter, decomposition and nutrients. The high productivity of mangroves will be related to the food chain that depends on decomposed litter. This study aims to determine the relationship between mangrove density and litter production rate in the Muara Badak Kutai Kartanegara area, East Kalimantan. This research was carried out in July – August 2022. Data on mangrove litter density and production were taken on a 10 m2 transect. Mangrove litter was taken at 2 research stations using a 1x1 meter litter trap for 1 month with 3 samples taken every 10 days. The results showed that the dominant mangrove species were found at 2 research stations, namely Sonneratia alba, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, and Avicennia marina. Meanwhile, the density of mangroves at the station I averaged 1,100 ind/ha, and at station II was 1,133 ind/ha. The production rate of mangrove litter at station I was an average of 0.74 g/m²/day and at station II it was 1.64 g/m²/day. The results of the correlation test using linear regression showed that there was a strong correlation between mangrove density and litter production rate.Keywords: Litter production, Muara Badak, mangrove densit
Diversity of Coral Reefs at Insrom Beach, Biak Numfor Regency
No full textABSTRACTCoral reef represent tropical ecosystem encompassing a diverse marine biota associated with it. The aim if this study was to determine the types of coral reefs, diversity of coral reefs species, and the water quality on the Insrom coast. This study used a line transect method that stretched 50 meters in 3 stations at a depth of 3-5 meters. The results of this study indicated that there are 53 types of coral reefs. Overall diversity index (3.27). The water quality measurements yielded the following result: temperature 28-30oC, pH 7- 8- 2, salinity 30-32%, brightness ranging from 2.5-3 meters, current 3-8 m/sec, dissolved oxygen levels of 3-5 mg/l. The study’s conclusion is that there are 53 types of coral reefs. The insrom coast’s diversity index is 3.27 which shows high category according to Shannon-Wienner. The water quality of Insrom coast remains within tolerable range for the growth of coral reefs.Keywords: Diversity, Types, Coral reefs
Karakteristik Mikroplastik pada Ikan Kakatua Anglu (Chlorurus sordidus) dan Ikan Kurisi Sirip Pucat (Nemipterus thosaporni) di Perairan Teluk Jakarta
No full textABSTRAKPencemaran laut oleh plastik saat ini menjadi ancaman penting karena meningkat secara signifikan hingga mencapai 47-85% setiap tahunnya. Sampah plastik dapat terfragmentasi menjadi lebih kecil atau disebut mikroplastik yang mempunyai ukuran 5 mm. Permasalahan mikroplastik juga banyak ditemukan di Indonesia, salah satunya adalah perairan Teluk Jakarta sebagai sumber perikanan demersal. Jenis ikan demersal yang mempunyai nilai ekonomi tinggi antara lain ikan kakaktua anglu (Chlorurus sordidus) yang merupakan ikan herbivora dan ikan kurisi sirip pucat (Nemipterus thosaporni) yang merupakan ikan omnivora. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik mikroplastik pada insang, gastrointestinal, dan daging pada dua ikan tersebut. Karakteristik mikroplastik diamati menggunakan mikroskop stereo dengan bantuan OptiLab. Kelimpahan mikroplastik pada 10 ekor ikan kakatua anglu sebesar 132,75 partikel/gram pada insang, 146,4 partikel/gram pada gastrointestinal, dan 32,2 partikel/gram pada daging. Pada 10 ekor ikan kurisi sirip pucat terdapat 120,5 partikel mikroplastik/gram pada insang, 219,75 partikel/gram pada gastrointestinal, dan 27,7 partikel/gram pada daging. Bentuk yang dominan pada ketiga organ dari kedua jenis ikan adalah bentuk fragmen dan warna yang dominan adalah hitam.Kata Kunci: Daging, Insang, Gastrointestinal, Mikroplastik, Teluk JakartaABSTRACTPollution in the sea by plastic is currently an important threat because it has increased significantly to reach 47-85% each year. Plastic waste can be fragmented into smaller pieces or called microplastics which have a size of 5 mm. Microplastic problems are also found in Indonesia, one of which is the Jakarta Bay waters as a source of demersal fishery. Demersal fish species that have high economic value include the anglu parrotfish (Chlorurus sordidus) which is a herbivorous fish and the palefin bream fish (Nemipterus thosaporni) which is an omnivore fish. The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of microplastics in the gills, gastrointestinal, and flesh in different two species. The characteristics of microplastics were observed using a stereo microscope with the help of OptiLab. The abundance of microplastics in 10 anglu parrot fish was 132,75 particles/gram in the gills, 146,4 particles/gram in the gastrointestinal, and 32,2 particles/gram in the flesh. In 10 palefin bream fish, there were 120,5 microplastic particles/gram in the gills, 219,75 particles/gram in the gastrointestinal, and 27,7 particles/gram in the flesh. The dominant shape of the three organs of both species of fish is the fragment shape and the dominant color is black.Key words: Flesh, Gastrointestinal, Gill, Jakarta Bay, Microplastic