Jurnal Kelautan: Indonesian Journal of Marine Science and Technology
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Ecological Index and Distribution Patterns of Seagrass in Banda Sea Tourism Park (TWP)
No full textABSTRACTSeagrass beds have an important role as the main source of primary productivity or organic matter producers, habitat for various biota, nursery grounds, spawning grounds, food sources for rare biota, and support for the diversity of marine biota species, as well as the economic value of seagrass ecosystem services. This study aims to determine the ecological index and distribution pattern of seagrass in the Banda Sea Aquatic Tourism Park (TWP). The method used is a line transect with a quadrant size of 50 cm x 50 cm that is placed perpendicular to the shoreline. The results showed that the seagrass diversity index at the study site consisted of 7 types of seagrass, namely Thalassia hemprichii, Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulata, Halodule uninervis, Halophila ovalis, and Syringodium isoetifilium. The diversity index is categorized as moderate with a value of H' = 0.01-0.05, and a uniformity value of 0.71 has a high uniformity, which means that the number of individual species from one species to another is not much different from a stable environmental condition. The distribution pattern of seagrass with Id 1 is a grouped category. The physicochemical parameters obtained were in accordance with the growth of seagrass life.Keywords: Banda sea, Distribution pattern, Diversity, Dominance, Seagrass, Uniformit
Korelasi Kelimpahan Biota Bentik Pemakan Karang terhadap Kesehatan Terumbu Karang di Perairan Pulau Sabu Raijua, Nusa Tenggara Timur
No full textABSTRAKBiota bentik pemakan karang (Acanthaster planci, Drupella sp. dan Coralliophila sp.) merupakan predator karang yang dapat memangsa karang. Riset ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi terumbu karang, kelimpahan biota bentik pemakan karang dan bagaimana korelasi kelimpahan biota bentik pemakan karang terhadap kesehatan terumbu karang. Riset ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei – April 2021 menggunakan metode UPT (Underwater Photo Transect) untuk pengamatan terumbu karang dan metode Belt Transect untuk pengamatan kelimpahan biota bentik pemakan karang. Parameter kualitas perairan yang diukur meliputi salinitas, pH, kecerahan, kecepatan arus, nitrat dan fosfat. Tutupan terumbu karang hidup di Perairan Pulau Sabu Raijua berkisar antara 16% - 58,72% dengan rata-rata 35,90% yang termasuk kedalam kategori “buruk – baik”. Kelimpahan biota bentik pemakan karang masih dalam batas normal yaitu Drupella sp. 0 – 0,23 ind/m2 dan Coralliophila sp. 0 – 0,07 ind/m2. Hasil analisis regresi linear menunjukan tidak terdapat korelasi antara kelimpahan biota bentik pemakan karang dan kesehatan terumbu karang di Pulau Sabu Raijua, Nusa Tenggara Timur.Kata kunci: Acanthaster planci, Coralliophila sp., Drupella sp., Kesehatan Terumbu Karang, Pulau Sabu RaijuaABSTRACTCoral-eating benthic biota (Acanthaster planci, Drupella sp. and Coralliophila sp.) are coral predators that can prey on corals. This research aims to determine the condition of coral reefs, the abundance of benthic coral-eating biota and how the correlation between the abundance of coral-eating benthic biota on the health of coral reefs. This research was conducted in May – April 2021 using the UPT (Underwater Photo Transect) method to observe coral reefs and the Belt Transect method to observe the abundance of coral-eating benthic biota. Water quality parameters measured include salinity, pH, brightness, current velocity, nitrate and phosphate. The live coral reef cover in the waters of Sabu Raijua Island ranges from 16% - 58.72% with an average of 35.90% which is included in the "bad - good" category. The abundance of coral-eating benthic biota was still within normal limits, namely Drupella sp. 0 – 0.23 ind/m2 and Coralliophila sp. 0 – 0.07 ind/m2. The results of the linear regression analysis showed that there was no correlation between the abundance of benthic coral-eating biota and the health of coral reefs on Sabu Raijua Island, East Nusa Tenggara.Keywords: Acanthaster planci, Coralliophila sp., Drupella sp., Coral Reef Health, Sabu Raijua Islan
Sebaran Ukuran dan Pola Pertumbuhan Kepiting Bakau (Scylla spp.) Pada Ekosistem Mangrove di Perairan Debut, Maluku Tenggara
No full textABSTRAKPermintaan terhadap kepiting bakau ini meningkat dari waktu ke waktu, sementara memenuhi permintaan tersebut masih mengandalkan penangkapan di alam. Penangkapan kepiting bakau yang tidak memperhatikan kelestariannya, dikhawatirkan akan menurunkan populasi dari kepiting bakau tersebut. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengetahui kepadatan, pola distribusi, struktur ukuran, pola pertumbuhan dari kepiting bakau dan kerapatan mangrove. Pengumpulan sampel kepiting bakau menggunakan metode line plot transect. Data komunitas mangrove dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode transek kuadrat. Kepadatan kepiting bakau berdasarkan jenis diperoleh jenis Scylla tranquebarica memiliki kepadatan tertinggi yaitu sebesar 0,0050 ind/m2 sedangkan kepadatan terendah dari jenis Scylla olivacea sebesar 0.0025 ind/m2. Pola penyebaran kepiting bakau adalah mengelompok dengan nilai Id=1.20. Kepiting bakau yang tertangkap memiliki karapas yang berukuran panjang berkisar 9-19 cm dan lebar berkisar 12-22 cm, kaki renang berkisar 8-17 cm, kaki jalan I berkisar 10-22 cm, kaki jalan II berkisar 13-25 cm, kaki jalan III berkisar 12-23 cm, cheliped berkisar 15-35 cm serta berat berkisar 0.34-4.0 kg. Analisis hubungan panjang karapas-berat didapatkan persamaan W = 2.853L0.184 dengan nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0.994 sedangkan lebar karapas-berat didapatkan persamaan W = 3.239L0.197 dengan nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0.997. Jenis mangrove yang diperoleh pada daerah tangkapan kepiting bakau adalah jenis Rhizophora spp. tertinggi adalah jenis Rhizophora stylosa sebesar 0.198 ind/m2 dan terendah adalah jenis Rhizophora apiculata sebesar 0.129 ind/m2.Kata kunci: kepiting bakau; mangrove; pertumbuhanABSTRACTThe demand for mud crabs has increased over time, while meeting this demand still relies on catching them in the wild. It is feared that catching mud crabs that do not pay attention to their sustainability will reduce the population of mud crabs. The aim of the research is to determine the density, distribution pattern, size structure, growth pattern of mangrove crabs and mangrove density. Mud crab samples were collected using the line plot transect method. Mangrove community data was collected using the quadrat transect method. Based on the type of mangrove crab density, it was found that the Scylla tranquebarica type had the highest density, namely 0.0050 ind/m2, while the lowest density of the Scylla olivacea type was 0.0025 ind/m2. The distribution pattern of mud crabs is clustered with a value of Id=1.20. The caught mud crabs have a carapace measuring around 9-19 cm long and a width ranging from 12-22 cm, swimming legs ranging from 8-17 cm, walking legs I ranging from 10-22 cm, walking legs II ranging from 13-25 cm, walking legs III ranges from 12-23 cm, cheliped ranges from 15-35 cm and weighs around 0.34-4.0 kg. Analysis of the relationship between carapace length and weight obtained the equation W = 2.853L0.184 with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.994, while carapace width and weight obtained the equation W = 3.239L0.197 with a coefficient of determination (R2) value of 0.997. The type of mangrove obtained in the mangrove crab catchment area is Rhizophora spp. The highest was the Rhizophora stylosa type at 0.198 ind/m2 and the lowest was the Rhizophora apiculata at 0.129 ind/m2.Key words: mud crab; mangroves; growt
Karakteristik Pola Arus dan Nutrien Perairan Pada Areal Budi Daya Rumput Laut Di Pantai Bone-Bone Kota Baubau
No full textABSTRAKBudidaya rumput laut banyak dijadikan sebagai mata pencaharian bagi masyarakat pesisir Pantai Bone-Bone, dalam budidayanya rumput sangat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor oseanografi perairan, seperti faktor kimia nitrat dan fosfat yang dapat memengaruhi pertumbuhan rumput laut, dan faktor fisika perairan seperti arah dan kecepatan arus. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret 2022. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik pola arus dan kaitannya dengan kandungan nitrat dan fosfat pada areal budi daya rumput laut. Pengukuran arus dilakukan secara insitu dengan menggunakan current meter EAM 213-D, selanjutnya datanya diolah menggunakan software MIKE 21. Pengambilan sampel nutrien menggunakan botol sampel kaca 150 ml pada permukaan perairan yang dilakukan pada 5 titik stasiun, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis laboratorium, dengan metode analisis Brucine (nitrat) dan analisis spektrofotometer (fosfat). Hasil didapatkan pola arus di lokasi penelitian saat pasang menuju ke arah Barat dengan kecepatan arus 0,1-0,25 m/s dan saat surut menuju arah ke Timur dengan kecepatan 0,016-0,080 m/s. Nilai konsentrasi nitrat yang diperoleh di lokasi penelitian berkisar 0,074-0,112 mg/L sedangkan nilai konsentrasi fosfat berkisar 0,023-0,040 mg/L. Pola dan kecepatan arus memberikan pengaruh terhadap sebaran nutrien, semakin tinggi kecepatan arus perairan maka semakin luas sebaran nutrien di perairan. Berdasarkan nilai kecepatan arus dan nilai konsentrasi nutrien yang diperoleh di setiap stasiun, secara keseluruhan Pantai Bone-Bone termasuk layak digunakan sebagai daerah budi daya rumput laut.Kata kunci: Arus, nutrien, Pantai Bone-Bone, pasang surut, rumput laut.ABSTRACTSeaweed cultivation is widely used as a livelihood for the coastal people of Bone-Bone Beach; in its cultivation, the grass is strongly influenced by several marine environmental factors, such as nitrate and phosphate, and physics factors, such as currents velocity that can affect the growth of seaweed. This study was held on March 2022. This study aims to determine the characteristics of current patterns and their relation to nitrate and phosphate content in seaweed cultivation areas. Current measurement is carried out in situ using the current meter EAM 213-D, then the data is processed using MIKE21 software. Nutrient sampling using a 150 ml glass sample bottle on the surface of the waters was carried out at 5 station points, then continued in the laboratory with the Brucine (nitrate) analysis method and spectrophotometer (phosphate) analysis. The results obtained a current pattern at the study site when the tide was heading Westwards with the speed of the current 0,1-0,25 m/s and then at low tide towards the East with the speed 0,016-0,080 m/s. The nitrate concentration value obtained ranges from 0.074-0.112 mg/L, and the phosphate concentration value ranges from 0.023-0.040 mg/L; the pattern and speed of the current have an influence on the distribution of nutrients, the higher the rate of the water current, the wider the distribution of nutrients in the waters. Based on the value of the current velocity and the value of the concentration of nutrients obtained at each station, overall Bone-Bone Beach is decent for use as a seaweed cultivation area.Keywords: Bone-bone beach, currents, nutrients, seaweed, tides
Variasi dan Komposisi Bentuk Pertumbuhan Karang (Life Form) di Perairan Bintan Timur
No full textABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengkaji tentang keanekaragaman bentuk kehidupan pertumbuhan karang di perairan Bintan bagian timur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bentuk kehidupan bentuk life form karang dan untuk mengetahui persentase jenis tutupan terumbu karang, indeks keanekaragaman, keseragaman. Indeks dan indeks dominasi spesies di Bintan bagian timur. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode under photo transect (UPT) dengan panjang transek garis yang digunakan adalah 50m dengan luas pemotretan (58 x 44) cm2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada stasiun satu di perairan Kawal persentase tutupan karang hidup sebesar 41.80% termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Ada 8 jenis pertumbuhan karang bentuk kehidupan, yaitu CM, CF, ACE, ACT, CS, CE, CB, CMR. Pada stasiun dua di perairan Teluk Bakau persentase tutupan karang hidup sebesar 47,40% dikategorikan sedang. Ada 7 jenis pertumbuhan karang bentuk kehidupan yang ditemukan, yaitu CM, CF, CE, CS, ACT, ACS, ACE. Pada stasiun tiga perairan Malang Rapat persentase tutupan karang hidup sebesar 41,53% termasuk kategori sedang. Ada 9 jenis pertumbuhan karang bentuk kehidupan yang ditemukan, yaitu CM, ACE, CS, CF, CE, CMR, ACS, ACT, CB.Kata kunci: Keanekaragaman, Life form Coral, Under Photo Transect (UPT),Tutupan karang, Perairan Bintan TimurABSTRACTThis research examines the diversity of life form coral growth in the waters of the eastern part of Bintan.The purpose of this research aimed to determine the growth form of life form corals the percentage of coral reef cover types, diversity index, uniformity index and species dominance index in the eastern part of Bintan. This research was conducted using the under photo transect (UPT) method with the length of the line transect used was 50m with a photo area (58 x 44) cm2. The results showed that at station one in Kawal waters, the percentage of life coral cover was 41.80%, categorized as medium. There were 8 types of life form coral growth, namely CM, CF, ACE, ACT, CS, CE, CB, CMR. At station two in the waters of the Teluk Bakau, the percentage of live coral cover was 47,40% categorized as moderate. There were 7 types of life form coral growth found, namely CM, CF, CE, CS, ACT, ACS, ACE. At station three in Malang Rapat waters, the percentage of live coral cover was 41,53% categorized as medium. There were 9 types of life form coral growth found, namely CM, ACE, CS, CF, CE, CMR, ACS, ACT, CB.Keywords: Diversity, Life form coral, Under Photo Transect (UPT), Coral cover, East Bintan water
Pemetaan Perubahan Garis Pantai di Pantai Tanjung Siambang, Pulau Dompak Dengan Metode Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS)
No full textABSTRAKPantai Tanjung Siambang merupakan tempat wisata yang rentan akan pengaruh alam karena memiliki topografi yang landai, substrat berpasir dan berlumpur serta banyaknya kegiatan manusia. Hal ini mempengaruhi posisi garis pantai di Pantai Tanjung Siambang dari tahun ke tahun sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian pemantauan perubahan garis pantai yang terjadi di pantai tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jarak dan laju perubahan garis pantai yang terjadi di Pantai Tanjung Siambang menggunakan citra satelit Sentinel-2A. Metode yang digunakan untuk menghitung perubahan garis pantai yaitu metode Net Shoreline Movement (NSM) dan End Point Rate (EPR) yang terdapat dalam Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama 5 tahun terakhir, Pantai Tanjung Siambang mengalami abrasi dengan rata-rata perubahan sebesar -10.18 meter dengan laju -2.12 meter/tahun. Akresi juga terjadi dekat muara sungai dengan rata-rata akresi sebesar 1.43 meter dan laju 0.3 meter/tahun. Secara keseluruhan, pada periode 2016-2021 Pantai Tanjung Siambang dominan mengalami pengurangan daratan (abrasi). Pemanfaatan data penginderaan jauh dan berbagai software pengolahan data penginderaan jauh sangat bermanfaat untuk penyediaan informasi mengenai perubahan garis pantai yang akan berguna dalam pengambilan kebijakan terkait pembangunan di wilayah pesisir dan juga pencegahan atau mitigasi terhadap kemungkinan bencana yang akan terjadi di wilayah pantai tersebut.Kata Kunci: Abrasi, Akresi, Citra Satelit Sentinel-2A, Digital Shoreline Analysis System, Pantai Tanjung SiambangABSTRACTTanjung Siambang Beach is a tourist spot that is vulnerable to natural influences because it has a sloping topography, sandy and muddy substrate and lots of human activities. This affects the position of the coastline at Tanjung Siambang Beach from year to year, so it is necessary to conduct research to monitor shoreline changes that occur on the beach. This study aims to determine the distance and rate of change of coastline that occurs at Tanjung Siambang Beach using Sentinel-2A satellite imagery. The methods used to calculate shoreline changes are the Net Shoreline Movement (NSM) and End Point Rate (EPR) methods contained in the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS). The results showed that during the last 5 years, Tanjung Siambang Beach experienced abrasion with an average change of -10.18 meters at a rate of -2.12 meters/year. Accretion also occurs near river mouths with an average accretion rate of 1.43 meters and a rate of 0.3 meters/year. Overall, in the 2016-2021 period Tanjung Siambang Beach has predominantly experienced land reduction (abrasion). Utilization of remote sensing data and various remote sensing data processing software is very useful for providing information about changes in the coastline that will be useful in making policies related to development in coastal areas as well as prevention or mitigation of possible disasters that will occur in these coastal areas.Keywords: Abrasion, Accretion, Sentinel-2A Satellite Imagery, Digital Shoreline Analysis System, Tanjung Siambang Beac
The Spatial Composition of Beach Litter in North Central Timor Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia
No full textABSTRACTMarine litter is currently an environmental problem that has become a global issue and attracts everyone's attention because it has a significant negative impact on the marine and coastal environment. One of the concerns at this time is the amount of marine litter in coastal areas. The purpose of this study is to determine the type and composition of waste on the beach. This study was conducted on nine coastal beaches of the North Central Timor Regency in August 2020. The sampling technique was used by adapting the Guidelines on Survey and Monitoring of Litter method. Sampling was carried out by drawing a line 100 m long parallel to the coast and a transect width of 10 m from land to sea with sampling boundaries, namely dunes, vegetation and anthropogenic activities. The results of the study show that the composition of plastic waste is 79,7%, paper and cardboard 3,5%, foam and cork 2,7%, cloth 1,8%, glass and ceramics 1,6%, rubber 2,6%, wood 1,9%, metal 1%, and others 5,3%. The category of litter that dominates the entire study beach is plastic.Keywords: Beach, litter, plastic, North Central Timor Regency, Timor Lest
Perbandingan Penerapan Hasil Metode Admiralty dan Least Square untuk Peramalan Pasang Surut di Selat Bintan, Kepulauan Riau
No full textABSTRACTThe Bintan Strait is an area where some of the community's activities are influenced by tidal phenomena, such as; sea transportation for shipping, crossing, and traditional fishing. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of the tide include; sea level elevation, harmonic constant value, tidal type and tidal forecast for the next year. The calculation of the harmonic constants is carried out using the Admiralty and Least Square methods. This research has been carried out from March to July 2021. Primary data collection of high water level is carried out with the Tide Master instrument for 7 days. In addition to primary data, secondary data used for 22 days of high water levels from BIG (Geospatial Information Agency). The Admitralty and Least Square methods are operated using Microsoft Excel software, while for tidal forecasting analysis using MIKE21 and World Tides software. The results show that the Formzahl Admiralty and Least Square numbers are 0.35 and 0.97, respectively, with the types of tides being mixed tide prevailing semidiurnal. The MSL values for each method of Admiralty and Least Square obtained values of 154.11 cm and 118.37 cm, MHWL = 233.47 and 268.31, LLWL = 43.11 and 254.56, MHWS = 230.22 and 215, 52, MLWS= 78.01 and 21.22, MLWL= 74.75 and -31.57. The results of the forecasting test for the next 3, 6 and 12 months using the Admiralty method produced the smallest RMSE of 0.664.Keywords: Admiralty, Least Square, Tides, Bintan straitABSTRAKSelat Bintan merupakan sebuah daerah dimana sebagian aktivitas masyarakatnya dipengaruhi fenomena pasang surut, seperti; transportasi laut untuk keperluan pelayaran, penyeberangan, maupun penangkapan ikan tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik pasut meliputi; elevasi muka air laut, nilai konstanta harmonic, tipe pasut dan peramalan pasang surut untuk satu tahun kedepan. Perhitungan konstanta harmonik dilakukan dengan metode Admiralty dan Least Square. Penelitian ini telah dilakasanakan pada bulan Maret sampai dengan Juli 2021. Pengumpulan data primer tinggi level muka air dilakukan dengan istrumen Tide Master selama 7 hari. Selain data primer digunakan data sekunder tinggi level air selama 22 hari berasal dari BIG (Badan Informasi Geospasial). Metode Admitralty dan Least Square dioperasionalkan menggunakan perangkat lunak Microsoft Excel, sedangkan untuk analisis peramalan pasut menggunakan perangkat lunak MIKE21 dan World Tides. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bilangan Formzahl Admiralty dan Least Square masing-masing sebesar 0.35 dan 0.97 dengan tipe pasang surut keduanya adalah campuran condong keharian ganda (mixed tide prevailing semidiurnal). Nilai MSL untuk masing-masing metode Admiralty dan Least Square diperoleh nilai sebesar 154.11 cm dan 118,37 cm, MHWL= 233,47 dan 268,31, LLWL= 43,11 dan 254,56, MHWS= 230,22 dan 215,52, MLWS= 78,01 dan 21,22, MLWL= 74,75 dan -31,57. Hasil uji peramalan pada waktu 3, 6 dan 12 bulan kedepan pada metode Admiralty menghasilkan RMSE terkecil sebesar 0,664. Kata kunci: Admiralty, Least Square, Pasang surut, Selat Binta