Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri
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PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN DAN PEMANGKASAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, STATUS HARA, DAN PRODUKTIVITAS TANAMAN HANDEULEUM (Graphtophyllum pictum (L) Griff.)
No full textEffect offertilizer and pruning on growth, nutrient status, and productivity of caricature plant (Graphtophyllum pictum (L) Grif.)Information on the effect of fertilizer and top cutting application on growth, nutient uptake, and productivity of caricatue plant (Graphtophyllum pictum (L) GrifT.) was limited. Increasing demand for that crop in the future as traditional medicine should be back up by applicable agronomical informations of caicature plant. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of fertilizer and pruning applications on growth, nutrient uptake, and productivity of caricature plant. The pot trial was conducted at the Research Institute for Spices and Medicinal Crops from August 1997 to January 1998. A randomized block design was arranged with two factors and 3 replications. Each treatment consisted of 5 plants. The irst factor consisted of three shoot cutting periods . (I) control; (2) 2 months ater planting (MAP) and (3) 4 MAP. The second factor was 6 fertilizer combinations: (1)-N, -P, -K, and manue (M); (2) -N, +P +K. and +M; (3) . +N, -P, +K, and +M; (4) +N, +P, -K, and +M; (5) +N, +P, +K, and -M; (6) +N, +P, +K, and +M, respectively. It was consideed that there were significant interaction between fertilizer and pruning applications, especially on the gowth and productivity of caricatue plant. Application of NPK and manue impoved plant productivity and nutrient status. Pruning treatments wee able to increase leaves fresh weight signiicantly. The highest productivity of caicatue plant was found at the combination teatment of pruning and N, K, Manue fertilizer applications. Theefore, the optimal growth and productivity could be achieved by early pruning and fertilizer application, especially manure
ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK LAHAN DAN MUTU BIJI PALA (Myristica fragrans Houtt) DAERAH LAMPUNG / Analysis of Land Characteristics and Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Seed Quality of Lampung
No full textLampung Province is one of nutmeg-producing region in Sumatra. Today nutmeg is one of the region's export commodities. The quality is an important factor in global nutmeg trade. The aim of this study was to assess nutmeg development prospect by analyzing the land characteristics and the quality of nutmeg. The study utilized a survey method to characterize the land and performance of smallholder nutmeg plantations, to communicate with farmers and to sample some nutmeg seeds for quality analysis. The survey was carried out in four subdistricts of the main nutmeg producing areas in Tanggamus Regency, namely Kota Agung-Timur, Gisting, Semaka, and Air-Naningan, in each area, 2-3 smallholder nutmeg plantations were assessed. The areas suitable for nutmeg development are Kota Agung-Timur, Gisting, and Semaka. The main supporting factor is water availability throughout the year, whereas the limiting factor are air humidity >75%, low organic C and CEC ≤16 cmol (+)/kg of soil, and erosion hazard due to a slope of >15%. Nutmeg productivity has potentials to be improved through technological innovation as current nutmeg cultivation is still conventional and does not use superior seeds, fertilizer and postharvest technology. On the other hand, the nutmeg seeds qualities have met SNI standards such as specific gravity, refractive index, optical rotation, soluble in alcohol, and chemical properties such as myristicin, α-pinene, sabinene, and safrole. Methyl eugenol is below the threshold of the European Pharmacopoeia standard and the α-pinene is better than nutmeg essential oil of produced from other regions.Keywords: nutmeg, land, physical and chemical qualities of nutmeg, Tanggamus of Lampung Province AbstrakProvinsi Lampung adalah salah satu daerah penghasil pala di pulau Sumatera. Saat ini pala merupakan salah satu komoditas ekspor daerah tersebut. Mutu merupakan faktor penting dalam perdagangan pala global. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengkaji prospek pengembangan tanaman pala berdasarkan analisis karakteristik lahan dan mutu hasil pala di Provinsi Lampung. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei untuk mengkarak-terisasi lahan dan keragaan tanaman pala, serta melakukan tanya jawab dengan petani dan mengumpulkan biji pala untuk bahan analisis mutu. Survei dilaksanakan di empat daerah penghasil pala utama di Kabupaten Tanggamus, yaitu Kecamatan Kota Agung Timur, Gisting, Semaka dan Air Naningan. Di masing-masing kecamatan dikunjungi 2 - 3 kebun pala rakyat. Daerah yang cukup sesuai untuk pengembangan pala adalah Kota Agung Timur, Gisting, dan Semaka (Tanggamus bagian Barat). Faktor pendukung utama pertumbuhan dan produksi pala di daerah ini ialah air tersedia sepanjang tahun, sedangkan faktor pembatas adalah kelembapan udara >75%, kandungan C-organik tanah rendah, dan KTK tanah 16 cmol (+)/kg. Faktor pembatas lainnya adalah bahaya erosi tinggi yang disebabkan oleh kemiringan lahan >15%. Produksi dan mutu pala berpotensi ditingkatkan melalui inovasi teknologi karena budidaya pala masih bersifat konvensional, tanpa bibit unggul, pupuk dan teknologi pascapanen. Potensi lain adalah sifat fisik seperti berat jenis (BJ), indeks bias, putaran optik, kelarutan dalam alkohol, dan sifat kimia seperti kandungan miristisin, -pinen, sabinen, serta safrol biji pala Lampung telah memenuhi SNI. Metil eugenol sebagai senyawa karsinogenik terukur di bawah ambang batas ketetapan European Pharmacopoeia, dan kandungan -pinen terindikasi lebih baik dibanding di dalam minyak atsiri biji pala daerah lainnya di Indonesia.Kata kunci: pala, lahan, mutu fisik dan kimia pala, Tanggamus Provinsi Lampun
KETAHANAN BEBERAPA KELAPA HIBRIDA TERHADAP PENYAKIT BUSUK PUCUK
No full textResistance of some hybrid coconuts to bud rot diseaseBud rot disease by Phytophthora palmivora has caused significant loss lo coconut farmers because the pathogen could kill the palms in relative short time. This disease mainly attacks hybid coconut of PB-121. To anticipate the coconut development in the futue, it is necessary to find supeior coconut or hybrid coconut which resistant to bud rot disease. This research was conducted to test the resistance of 25 combinations of hybrid coconuts to the disease. The research used randomized block design with 25 kinds of hybids, 19 replications with 3 palms for each eplication. The trial was done at Paniki Instalation, North Sulawesi The hybrids were planted in November 1993. The observation of disease for 5 years showed that bud rot symptoms was irstly irst appeared at 40 months old hybrids i.e. 4 palms of the cross GKN x PYT, GRA x PYT, GHJ x WAT, and GHJ x DSA. Until ive yean ater planting there were 17 palms died because of the bud rot. In general, the hybrids of the crossing which used male parent of WAT wee the most susceptible. While the hybrids of the crossing of GSK as a female paent showed resistant to bud rot disease
DETEKSI DINI VIRUS MOSAIK PADA BENIH DAN TANAMAN NILAM / Detection of Early Stage of Mosaic Disease on Patchouli Seed and Plant
Get PDFMosaic disease of patchouli plant caused by viruses is one of the main constraints on patchouli oil production. The viruses are transmitted by patchouli seedlings and insect vectors, therefore their spreadings are very quickly and widely found in the center of patchouli plantations in Sumatera, Java, and Sulawesi. Early detection of the viruses in the seedling is a strategic step for controlling the disease. This study aimed to get an early detection technique of mosaic viruses infecting seedlings and patchouli plants by using serological techniques. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Protection Balittro from February 2015 until April 2016. The serological techniques performed were Tissue Blot Assay Immunobinding (TBIA), Dot Immuno Binding Assay (DIBA) and Enzyme Linked Immuno Assay (ELISA). Samples of the seedlings and patchouli plants showing symptomatic mosaic disease were obtained from nurseries or fields in Bogor, Pandeglang-Banten and Cigombong. A total of 150 samples were tested using the commercial viruses antisera, i.e. Potyvirus, Broad bean wilt virus 1.2; Cucumber mosaic virus [AGDIA-USA] and Anti-Mouse, Rabbit Anti Universal [SIGMA-USA]. The results showed that all the three serological tests used can detect all types of mosaic viruses in infected seedling and patchouli plants with a success rate of 100%. The TBIA and DIBA techniques are faster and easier than ELISA, therefore these techniques are recommended to be used by farmers and patchouli seed producers to prevent the distribution of mosaic viruses.Keywords: P ogostemon cablin, mosaic virus, ELISA, TBIA, DIBA AbstrakPenyakit mosaik yang disebabka n oleh virus merupakan salah satu kendala utama pada produksi minyak nilam. Virus tersebut ditularkan melalui benih nilam dan serangga vektor sehingga penyebarannya sangat cepat dan sudah banyak ditemukan di sentra pertanaman nilam di Sumatera, Jawa dan Sulawesi. Deteksi dini virus pada benih nilam merupakan langkah strategis untuk mengendalikan penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan teknik deteksi dini virus penyebab penyakit mosaik pada benih dan tanaman nilam secara serologi, sehingga mudah diaplikasikan oleh petani dan pengguna di lapangan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Proteksi Tanaman Balittro dari bulan Februari 2015 sampai dengan bulan April 2016. Teknik deteksi secara serologi yang dilakukan adalah Tissue Blot Immunobinding Assay (TBIA), Dot Immuno Binding Assay (DIBA) dan Enzyme Linked Immuno Assay (ELISA). Sampel benih dan tanaman nilam bergejala mosaik diperoleh dari pertanaman atau penangkar benih di Bogor, Pandeglang-Banten dan Cigombong-Kabupaten Bogor. Sebanyak 180 sampel diuji keberadaan virusnya dengan menggunakan antisera komersial, yaitu Potyvirus, Broad bean wilt virus 1.2; Cucumber mosaic virus (AGDIA-USA) dan Anti Mouse, Anti Rabbit Universal (SIGMA-USA). Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa ketiga teknik serologi yang diuji dapat mendeteksi seluruh jenis virus yang menimbulkan gejala mosaik pada benih dan tanaman nilam, dengan tingkat keberhasilan 100%. Teknik deteksi TBIA dan DIBA mosaik lebih cepat dan mudah dibandingkan dengan ELISA sehingga dapat dianjurkan kepada petani dan penangkar benih nilam untuk mencegah penyebaran virus mosaik, karena lebih cepat dan mudah digunakan.Kata kunci: Pogostemon cablin, virus mosaik, ELISA, TBIA, DIB
PENGARUH INTERVAL WAKTU TANAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI EMPAT GALUR WHEN
No full textThe efect ofsowing date interval on the growth andyield of four sesame UnesThe expeiment was conducted in Asembagus Experiment Garden. Baayuputih, Situbondo Distic from August 1994 o April 1993. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of five sowing date intervals on the growth and yield of four sesame (Sesamum indicum L) hues on dry land and dry climate The experiment wss arranged in split plot design with four replications. The main plot consisted of five diferent sowing datemlervab ie. (1)(WT) November 15. 1994, (2) (WT + 20) December 5, 1994, (3) (WT + 40) December 23, 1994, (4) (WT + 60) January 14, 1995 and (5) (WT * 80) February 3, 1993. While the sub plot consisted of four sesame lines i.e. (A) Pachequino, (B) Venezuela, (C) Sesamindo and (D)Grati KKO. The treatments of sowing dates and sesame lines afected the plants height, banch number, harvesting time, plant population, capsule number, weight of 1 000 seeds, weight of seed per capsule, weight of husk pet capsule, and yield of seed. Sesamindo planted at early wet season (first week of December) gave the highest seed yield (1 240 kg/ha)
EVALUASI HIBRIDA HASIL PERSILANGAN TEMBAKAU MADURA DAN ORIENTAL
Get PDFEvaluation of hybrid resultedrom crossing ofMadura and oriental tobaccoProductivity and quality of tobacco could be improved by improving genetical traits through crossing Oiental tobacco was used as donor parent due to high number of leaves and aromatic that was able to enhanced the yield and quality of Madura tobacco. The exploits of heterosis in hybrid were expected to short cut the time of research The experiment was conducted in some villages i.e. [«bbek and Klompang Barat (District of Pamekasan). Por-dapor and Guluk-guluk (District of Sumenep) during 1997 season. The treatments consisted of four hybrids and Prancak-95 as the standard variety Hie purpose of the experiment was to find out the potency of hybrids and their improvement compared to Prancak-95. Sliced tobacco yields of all treatments were not different, except Ft Prancak-95x Ismir produced 0.701 Mia. closed to Prancak-95, i.e. 0.703 Mia Genotype x environment interaction affected on grade index, but this hybrid still the best one in Lebbek. K lompang Barat. and Por-dapor. Its standard heterosis was 43% while standard heterosis for crop index was 31.41%
PERBANYAKAN SERANGGA Helopeltis antonii SIGN. PADA BUAH KETIMUN DAN PUCUK JAMBU MENTE
No full textRearing of Helopeltis antonii Sign (Hemiptera; Miridae) on cucumberfruit and cashew shootHelopeltis antonii is well known as a major pest of cashew, cacao and tea plantations A suficient number of the insect is frequently needed for esearch purposes. Rearing of // antonii on cucumber fruit was conducted from October 1997 to May 1998. Under laboratory condition. total eggs layed were 3.2 per female per day, while female longivity was 18.9 days. Egg period was 6.1 days and the total hatched was 93.5 percent. The egg and the irst unlil the ifth instar nymph periods were 6.1; 2.3; 2.0; 1.8; 1.9 and 3.2 days espectively. The adults emerged from earing of 10, 20 and 30 newly hatched nymph were 7. 13. and 17 insects or 71.3; 65.0, and 58.0 percent respectively. Eggs and nymph periods on cashew shoot almost the same as on cucumber fruit. The hatched eggs on cutted cashew shoot was 12 percent, while on the shoot of cashew seedlings was 89.0 percent This study indicated that cucumber fruit is very suitable and easier as well as more economical for mass rearing of // antonii
PENGARUH PUPUK DAN JARAK TANAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI JAHE ASAL KULTUR JARINGAN
No full textAn alternative to produce healthy planting materials of ginger is through tissue cultue. However, the information on productivity and cultural practices or such mateial is still limited. Among the cultural aspects, fertilizer application and plant spacing mostly afect plant growth and yield. The objective of this study, was o evaluate the effect of fertilizer application and plant spacing on the growth and yield of rhizome. Planting materials (tissue culture and conventionally derived rhizomes) wee espectively planted in two plant spacings (60 cm x 40 cm and 40 cm x 30 cm) and applied with two levels of ertilizers (with and without fertilizer). The fertilizers applied were 40 tons stable manure and urea, TSP, and KCI wee 400 kg/ha. The expeiment was conducted in the Sukamulya Expeimental Station (Sukabumi)) rom August 1994 to December 1995 in a split-split plot design in four replicates. Die main plot was ertilizer application, the sub plot was plant spacing and the sub-sub plot was planting material. The parameters used for evaluating the response of the plants to the treatments wee growth components (plant height stem circumeence, number of tillers and leaf size), and yield components (weight and size of rhizome). Results revealed that plants rom tissue culture generally showed the lower growth performances with lower yield and size of rhizomes, except in the number of tillers. The application of urea, TSP, and KCI at a respective rate of 400 kg/ha significantly increased plant height (rom 49 o 60 cm), stem circumerence (rom 2.2 o 2.6 cm) and weight of rhizome/clump (rom 206 o 379 g). Plant spacing did not affect any parameter observed. Interaction efect was shown between the source of planting materials and fertilizer application on the number of tillers and the thickness of rhizomes. For the plants rom tissue cultue ertilizer application significantly increase the number of tillers (rom 18 o 30 tillers/clump) and for those rom conventional rhizome the treatment did not afect the parameter. On the other hand, for the plants rom conventional rhizome ertilizer application improved the thickness of rhizome (rom 2.51 o 3.17 cm) while for those rom tissue cultue the teatment did not give any efect on the parameter. The thickness of rhizome was also afected by the interaction between fertilizer application and plant spacing. For the plant spacing of 40 cm x 30 cm, ertilizer application inceased the thickness of rhizome (from 1.68 to 2.11), while those of 60 cm x 40 cm, the teatment did not afected the parameter