Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri
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EVALUASI KESUBURAN TANAH UNTUK PERTANAMAN TEBU DI KABUPATEN REMBANG, JAWA TENGAH / Evaluation of Soil Fertility to Sugarcane at Rembang District, Central Java
Get PDFRembang District is an area of Central Java production center which has the main characteristics dominated by dry land. Dry land issues related to the low availability of water and nutrients. It determines the area of soil fertility conditions. Soil fertility affects the growth, production, and yield of sugarcane. Study of soil fertility conducted through the soil fertility evaluation methods of chemical analysis of matching data criteria soil with soil chemical properties. The sampling method is based on the land unit mapping. Soil fertility assessment based on the analysis of soil chemical properties that include cation exchange capacity (NH4Oac extraction method), pH (pH meter), C-Organic (Walkey and Black method), base saturation (estimation of pH mapping), P2O5 (Olsen and Bray-1 method), and available K (flamephotometer). Soil fertility in Rembang district classified into low until moderate. The limiting factor in soil fertility were consists of nitrogen content, cation exchange capacity, pH, available P2O5, organic carbon, and available
ADOPSITEKNOLOGI DAN INDEK PERTANAMAN POLA USAHA TANI BERBASIS LADA DI NANGABULIK KALIMANTAN TENGAH
No full textTechnology adoption and crops index ofpepper basedfarm¬ ing system in Nangabulik Central KalimantanA research on technology adoption, technology demontration and crops index of pepper based farming system was conducted in UPT Nangabu¬ lik, Central Kalimantan by using survey method. The purpose of the research was to show : (a) the role of technology demontration in increasing the willingness of the fanners in adopting the technology; (b) the crops index of the pepper based farming system as an indicator for income level. The data were analyzed by using nonparametics Wilcoxon sign rank test and cropping intencity index (CII). The results showed that the technology demontration of pepper based farming system had a significant effect in increasing the willingness of the farmers in adoption the technology. So that, the develop¬ ment of the pepper based farming system in IP I Nangabulik would go faster. An economic of scale aea of the pepper based farming system in Nangabulik would be achieved in around two years. The crops index of the pepper based fanning system was 215.30% meaning the level of eiciency of the pepper based farming system in using the land was 215.30% higher than the traditional farming system in Nangabulik. In other words the pepper based farming system would incease the farmers income by 215.30% (ceteis paibus). Compaing with the land in Java cropped with paddy and had crops index of 300% the pepper based farming system in Nangabulik would give higher income to the farmers after 5 years
STABILITAS HASIL DAN MUTU GALUR-GALUR BARU TEMBAKAU TEMANGGUNG
No full textThe stability of yield and quality of the new lines of Temanggung tobaccoThe productivity of Temanggung tobacco is relatively low. One of the causes of the low productivity is genetic deterioration. Fom a series of selection, four lines were potential to be developed. Befoe the new varieties are released they need to be tested at different locations in a central poducing area. The tests were conducted at 1 1 locations in Temanggung District rom 1995 to 1997. The lines tested included four selected lines, original population of Temanggung tobacco.from which the selected lines were produced, and Kemloko, a local variety generally planted by farmers. The trial, were designed as a randomized block in three replicates for respective location. Results showed that two of four tested lines i.e. 2258/2/1/1 and 2132/2/2/1/1 produced stable yield and quality. Compared with Kemloko (local variety) the dry sliced tobacco, grade index and crop index of 2258/2/1/1 increased by 17.57, 6.85, and 26.88% respectively and those of 2132/2/2/1/1 increased by 12.28, 16.03, and 31.88% respectively
EFISIENSIPEMANEAATAN NPV DAN Trichogramma UNTUK PENGENDALIAN ULAT BUAH KAPAS HeUcoverpa armigera HBN
No full textThe purpose of this esearch was to study the efficiency in using HeUcoverpa armigera Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (HaNPV) and Trichogrammatoidea armigera Nagaraja to improve and simplify' Integrated Pest Control recommendation package for farmers. This research was conducted in Asembagus Experimental Station, Situbondo, East Java, from December 1997 to May 1998. Cotton plants were planted in monocultue system and the pests were controlled using IPM-3 recommendation package. This research was designed in randomized block with 3 treatments, and 3 eplicates. HaNPV spraying was based on the treshold; releasing T. armigera was based on the theshold, and the schedule of insecticide spraying was every 10 days. The esult showed that treatment of eleasing T armigera followed by application of insecticide was the most efficient (B/C ratio ■ 1.39), compared with the insecticide spraying schedule (B/C ratio = 1.21), and spraying of HaNPV fB/C ratio =1.12)
PENGARUH JENIS ADSORBEN DAN LAMA PEMUCATAN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK MUTU MINYAK KEM1RI
No full textEffect of adsorbent type and bleaching process time on the characteristics ofcandle nut oilResearch on bleaching of candle nut oil was conducted in Laboratory of Postharvest Technology, RISMC from November 1995 to March 1996. The crude candle nut oil has to be purified so that it can be used for many purposes and it can increase the storage peiode One of the stages in puification is bleaching The aims of study were lo find out the type and amount of adsorbent and the bleaching time The experiment used completely randomized design with factoial expeiment and two replications Treatments tested were types of adsorbent (A): activated charcoal, coconut shell charcoal and ash of paddy busk, amount of adsorbent with 1. 2. aid 3% oil weight; and bleaching time (B): 1. 2. and 3 hours. Result showed that type of adsorbent gave a significant effect on saponification vahie, acid value and FFA content; bleaching time affected on acid value and FFA content. There was no significant effect on iodine value in all of the treatments tested. The optimum treatment combina¬ tion was activated charcoal, with 1% concentration for one hour
RESPON KAPAS (Gossypium hirsutum L.) TERHADAP PUPUK KALIUM PADA VERTISOL DI BANGKALA JENEPONTO
No full textResponse of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum I.) to potassium fertilizer at vertisol Bangkala JenepontoThe study on the response of cotton o potassium on upland was carried out in vertisol Bangkala Jeneponto, South Sulawesi. The experiment was held on January 1994 to July 1994. The teatments consisted of seven rates of Potassium fertilizers viz : 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 kg K20/ha or equal to 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150 kg KCI/ha. The teatments were arranged in a randomized block design, with four replications. The esearch results indicated that cotton responded to potassium applications. Potassium ertilizer could improve cotton esponded o potassium applications. Potassium ertilizer could improve coton growth and yield component, and seed cotton production. The response curve was still linear. The moe KCI applied, the better the cotton growth and yield component, and the seed cotton yield. The application of Potassium ertilizer 125 kg KCI or 75 kg KjO/ha on coton planted on vertisol Bangkala Jenepono produced seed coton yield I 911 kg/ha
RESPON TANAMAN LADA (PIPER NIGRUML) VARIETAS CIINTEN TERHADAP IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA / Respons of Gamma Irradiation on Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Ciinten Variety
Get PDFPepper is an introduced species and has always been propagated vegetatively, so it has narrow genetic base. High genetic diversity is necessary to produce new varieties, especially for breeding of resistance to foot rot disease. Increasing genetic diversity can be done through gamma ray irradiation. This research aims to evaluate response of black pepper Ciinten variety at seed and radicle emergence phases to gamma ray irradiation. The research was conducted in PAIR BATAN and greenhous e IMACRI from June 2014 to April 2015. The plant material was Ciinten variety at the seed and radicle emergence phases. The experimental design used was completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor which is dose of irradiation with seven levels (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150) Gy. Each treatment consisted of three replications, each replication consisted of 60 seeds. Both phases showed significant differences in perfomances between dose in plant height, leaf length, number of leave, number of internode. Radiosensitivity of pepper on radicle emergence phase was higher than the seed phase indicated by LD50 (Lethal Dose 50). LD50 at seed phase was 68.15 Gy, whereas LD50 of the radicle emergence phase was 30 Gy. The higher irradiation dose that given to both treatment phases caused reduction in plant height, leaf length, while the number of leaves and nodes decreasing. Irradiation dose 25 dan 50 Gy in seed phase and 25 Gy in radicle emergence phase significantly increase genetic diversity base on quantitative, qualitative characters, anatomy and leaf resistence to P. capsici infection. Eighteen putative mutants resistant to infection P. capsici. Eighteen mutant putative Ciinten pepper varieties were expected to be high yielding varieties with more research in the greenhouse and in the field to determine the production and quality potential
DAMPAK PERUBAHAN IKLIM TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS PUCUK TEH PADA BERBAGAI KETINGGIAN TEMPAT / Impact of Climate Changes on Leaves Productivity in Various Elevation Levels
Get PDFRainfall is one of the climate elements influence the growth and leaves productivity of tea plant. During 2005-2014 El-Nino had happened with strong intensity in late 2009 and early 2010. El Nino influence on changes in rainfall patterns and decreasing leaves production. This experiment was conducted to determine the impact of climate change on leaves productivity at each elevation level of tea plantation. The experiments conducted in 9 tea plantation in West Java, grouped in to 3 different elevation levels based on Schoorel 1974, low elevation level plantaion (<800 above MSL), medium elevation level (800-1200 above MSL), high elevation level plantation (>1200 above MSL) and presented in histogram and graphic to descript the annual distribution pattern. The results showed that the decreasing rainfall pattern in high and middle elevation tea plantation in 2010-2014 (after El-Nino) compare to 2005- 2009 (before El-Nino). The productivity of the tea plant at each elevation in 2011-2014 was lower than in 2005-2008. In high elevation tea plantation there is a close relationship between decreased in rainfall patterns followed by a decrease in productivity with linear regression value R2 = 0.85.Keywords: climate change, rainfall, leaves poductivity, tea plantation, altitude level AbstrakSalah satu unsur iklim yang berpengaru h terhadap pertumbuhan dan produktivitas pucuk tanaman teh adalah curah hujan. Selama periode tahun 2005-2014 telah terjadi El-Nino dengan intensitas terkuat pada akhir tahun 2009 dan awal 2010. Peristiwa El-Nino ini berpengaruh terhadap pola curah hujan dan berakibat kepada penurunan produksi tanaman teh. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dampak perubahan iklim terhadap penurunan produktivitas pucuk teh pada berbagai ketinggian tempat. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada 9 perkebunan teh di Jawa Barat yang dikelompokkan menjadi 3 ketinggian tempat berdasarkan Schoorel 1974 yaitu perkebunan teh dataran rendah (<800 m dpl), sedang (800-1200 mdpl) dan tinggi (>1200 m dpl). Pengumpulan dan pengamatan data iklim (curah hujan) dan produksi dilakukan terhadap data 10 tahun terakhir (2005-2014), disajikan dalam bentuk grafik dan histogram untuk melihat pola sebaran tiap tahunnya. Hubungan antara curah hujan dengan produktivitas pucuk dianalisis dengan metode regresi linear. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi penurunan intensitas curah hujan di perkebunan teh dataran tinggi dan dataran sedang tahun 2010-2014 (sesudah El-Nino) dibandingkan tahun 2005-2009 (sebelum El-Nino). Produktivitas tanaman teh di tiap ketinggian tempat pada tahun 2011-2014 lebih rendah dibanding tahun 2005-2008. Pada perkebunan teh dataran tinggi, penurunan produktivitas seiring dengan penurunan curah hujan, hal ini ditunjukkan dengan hubungan linear yang erat dengan nilai R2 = 0,85.Kata kunci: perubahan iklim, curah hujan, produktivitas pucuk teh, perkebunan teh, ketinggian tempa
PENGARUH AZADIRACHTIN A TERHADAP SERANGGA Dolleschalia polibete
No full textResearch on the effect of azadirachtin A isolated from neem tree (Azadirachla tndica A Juss) on msect Dolleschalia polibete. the most poten¬ tial insect destroying Graptophyllum pictum crop was caried out at the Entomological laboratory duing November 1997 to May 1998 The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of azadirachtin A on some biological aspects of D. polibete. The formulation was obtained from FID Parry Ltd. (India), containing 1% azadirachtin A. The concentration recommended was 2-4 ml of formulation It of water or equal to 20-40 ppm of azadirachtin A The insects tested were obtained by reaing them in a screen house. Research was arranged in a completely randomized design, and randomized block design (for ovicidal). 6 treatments and 4-6 eplications. The treaments were concentrations of azadirachtin A (I) 80 ppm (2) 40 ppm (3) 20 ppm, (4) 10 ppm. (S) 5 ppm and (6) 0 ppm. Research consisted of three activities, i.e. effect of neem extract on (1) insect mortality and the survival rate. (2) as antifeedant, and (3) asovicidaon the insect. Results showed that azadirachtin A killed the insect slowly, it needed 3-10 days. Azadirachtin A acted as a growth inhibitor shown by the fact that at 5 and 10 ppm azadirachtin A, some pupae became malformed adults and other pupae died in a failed molt attempt Azadirachtin functioned as an antifeedant on some adult insects where the pupae were malformed and died on antifeedant and inhibit about 40% of feeding deference. Azadirachtin A also acted as an ovicidal inhibited about 50% egg-hatching
SERAPAN HARA N, P, K PADA TUJUH NOMOR HARAPAN SERAI DAPUR PADA TANAH LASOTOL / The Nutrient Uptake of N, P, and K of Seven Promising Numbers of Lemongrass in Latosol Soil
No full textThe constrain of lemongrass cultivation is crop nutrient requirement does not estimate yet as a reference for determining the dosage of fertilizer needed to produce good yield and quality. The study aims to determine the NPK uptake of seven lemongrass promising numbers grown in latosol soil in Cibinong research garden, Bogor, namely: Cyci 0003, 0004, 0006, 0009, 0012, 0018 and local. Seven lemongrass promising numbers were from Boyolali, Yogyakarta, Cipatat, Cisaroni, East Nusa Tenggara, Bogor, and Cibinong which had been characterized. The design used was randomized block design with four replications and 25 plants per plots. The parameters observed were number of tillers, plant height, leaf length and width, stem diameter weight per clump, oil yield and quality, and chlorophyll content. The results showed that there were differences of nutrient uptake pattern, as well as the amount of fertilizer requirement N, P and K on all seven promising numbers of lemongrass. Local and Cyci 0003 had highest oil and sitral production compared to other lemongrass promising numbers. To generate the essential oil yield 81,39 kg ha-1 and production of citral 14,25 tonnes ha-1, Cyci 0003 absorbed 284,65 kg Urea, 49,15 kg SP-36, and 308,95 kg KCl ha-1, while local Cyci absorbed 230,29 kg Urea, 49,97 kg SP-36, and 161,8 kg KCl ha-1 to produce 97,94 kg essential oils yield ha-1 and 16,01 tonnes citral ha-1. Essential oil content of Lemongrass increased with increasing uptake of N and P, and citral oil content increased with increasing nutrient P uptake. Local Cyci promising number was relatively efficient in N, P, and K nutrient absorption.Keywords: Cymbopogon citratus Stapf., promising number, yield, quality, the uptake of N, P, and K. AbstrakSalah satu kendala dalam pengembangan budidaya serai dapur adalah belum ada perhitungan kebutuhan hara tanaman secara riil sebagai acuan dalam menentukan dosis pupuk yang dibutuhkan untuk menghasilkan produksi dan mutu terna yang baik. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui serapan hara N, P, dan K dari tujuh nomor harapan serai dapur yang ditanam di tanah latosol. Tujuh nomor harapan serai dapur yang telah dikarakterisasi yaitu Cyci 0003, Cyci 0004, Cyci 0006, Cyci 0009, Cyci 0012, Cyci 0018 dan Cyci lokal berasal dari Boyolali, Yogyakarta, Cipatat, Cisaroni, NTT, Bogor, dan Cibinong ditanam di kebun percobaan Cibinong, Bogor. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok, dengan 4 ulangan dan jumlah tanaman sebanyak 25 per petak. Parameter yang diamati meliputi jumlah anakan, tinggi tanaman, panjang dan lebar daun, diameter batang, bobot kering terna per rumpun, kadar minyak, mutu minyak, serta kandungan klorofil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pola serapan hara, jumlah serta kebutuhan pupuk N, P, dan K dari ke tujuh nomor harapan serai dapur. Cyci lokal dan Cyci 0003 menghasilkan minyak atsiri dan sitral tertinggi. Untuk menghasilkan minyak atsiri 81,39 kg ha-1 dan sitral 14,25 t ha-1, Cyci 0003 menyerap 284,65 kg Urea, 49,15 kg SP-36, dan 308,95 kg KCl ha-1, sedangkan untuk menghasilkan minyak atsiri 97,94 kg ha-1 dan sitral 16,01 ton ha-1, Cyci lokal menyerap 230,29 kg Urea, 49,97 kg SP-36 dan 161,8 kg KCl ha-1. Kadar minyak atsiri serai dapur meningkat sejalan dengan peningkatan serapan hara N dan P, dan kadar minyak sitral meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan serapan hara P. Cyci lokal merupakan nomor harapan serai dapur yang relatif efisien dalam penyerapan hara N, P, dan K.Kata kunci: Cymbopogon citratus Stapf, nomor harapan, produksi, mutu, serapan hara N, P dan K.