Agriekonomika
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AGRO-ECOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF CROP PROTECTION IN CHILI-BASED AGRIBUSINESS IN CENTRAL JAVA
No full textThe purpose of this study is to analyze the socio-economic and agro-ecological aspects of chili production in three selected communities of three districts —Magelang, Brebes, and Rembang—that represent distinct agro-ecosystems of chili cultivation within Central Java province. This is to answer a problem statement that chili farming still faces crop protection aspects as limiting factors in chili production. This study uses quantitative descriptive methods. Data were compiled from a survey of 160 chili farmers in 2010-2011. The results show that yield loss due to pests and diseases was considerable, and some of these problems were becoming difficult to control. The three top pests were thrips, mites, and whitefly; and the top three diseases were Anthracnose, Gemini-viruses, and Phytophthora. During the wet season, risk of anthracnose was very high; in the dry season, risk of yield lost to Gemini-viruses and Phytophthora was high. The potential losses could reach 100%. There is a crucial need to solve the problems by enhancing farmers’ knowledge and involving research institutions focusing on crop protection strategy
DAMPAK TRANSFER FISKAL (CONDITIONAL GRANT) TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN PERTANIAN, KEMISKINAN DAN KETIMPANGAN DI INDONESIA: ANALISIS DATA PANEL
No full textKemiskinan menjadi permasalahan utama bangsa Indonesia, jumlah penduduk miskin sebesar 28.55 juta orang (11. 47%), sementara ketimpangan pendapatan meningkat hingga mencapai 0.41 (BPS, 2013). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dampak Dana Alokasi Khusus (DAK) yang berupa conditional grant terhadap pembangunan pertanian, kemiskinan, dan ketimpangan pendapatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan model persamaan simultan dengan data time series tahun 2009-2013 dan data cross section pada 11 provinsi di Indonesia. Metode untuk estimasi parameter menggunakan 2SLS. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan alokasi DAK jalan dan irigasi dapat meningkatkan kinerja fiskal, sektor PDRB pertanian, total PDRB, dan total penyerapan tenaga kerja, tetapi penyerapan tenaga kerja sektor pertanian menurun disebabkan adanya kenaikan upah, menurunkan ketimpangan pendapatan dan mengurangi kemiskinan baik di daerah pedesaan maupun perkotaan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan bahwa pemerintah pusat hendaknya meningkatkan injeksi dana langsung ke daerah lewat dana alokasi khusus (DAK) bidang infrastruktur karena dampaknya efektif menurunkan kemiskinan.THE IMPACT OF FISCAL TRANSFER (CONDITIONAL GRANT) ON AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, POVERTY AND INEQUALITY : PANEL ANALYSIS DATAABSTRACTPoverty is the main problem in Indonesia, the number of the poor is 28.55 million people (11.47%), while income inequality increased until 0.41 (BPS, 2013). The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of Special Allocation Fund on agricultural development, poverty, and income inequality. This study uses simultaneous equation models with time series data of 2009-2013 and cross section data of 11 provinces in Indonesia. Method for parameter estimation is 2SLS. The simulation results show that the increased allocation of DAK road and irrigation can increase fiscal performance, the agricultural sector GRDP, total GRDP, but the labour force absorbtion of agricultural decreases because of the increasing of wages, the decreasing of income inequality and the reducing of poverty either in rural or urban areas. This study recomends that the central government should improve the injection of funds directly to the regions through a special allocation fund for rural infrastructure and agriculture because it gives an effective impact on poverty alleviation.Keywords : Special allocation fund, poverty, income inequality, fiscal transfer
KARAKTERISTIK DAN PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT DESA WONOASRI, KECAMATAN TEMPUREJO, KABUPATEN JEMBER TERHADAP KEGIATAN PEMULIHAN EKOSISTEM TAMAN NASIONAL MERU BETIRI
No full textPemulihan Ekosistem di Taman Nasional Meru Betiri (TNMB) dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk mencapai suatu kondisi masa depan tertentu sesuai dengan tujuan pengelolaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan persepsi masyarakat desa Wonoasri terhadap kegiatan Pemulihan Ekosistem.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak terhadap 34 petani yang tergabung dalam Kelompok Tani Mitra Rehabilitasi (KETANMERAH). Data selanjutnya dianalisa menggunakan pendekatan skala Likert. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik masyarakat desa Wonoasri berusia produktif dan rata-rata telah berpartisipasi selama 13 tahun. Persepsi petani KETANMERAH terkait pengetahuan Pemulihan Ekosistem dan kesediaan melakukan pembibitan mandiri memiliki nilai tinggi dikarenakan Program Rehabilitasi di TNMB telah berjalan sejak tahun 1999. Persepsi terkait jumlah tanaman pokok yang dipersyaratkan dan kesediaan meninggalkan lahan rehabilitasi memiliki nilai sedang. Hal ini terkait jumlah dan jenis tanaman pokok petani yang belum sesuai Kesepakatan serta ketergantungan yang tinggi terhadap lahan rehabilitasi.CHARACTERISTIC AND PERCEPTION OF WONOASRI COMMUNITY TEMPUREJO DISTRICT JEMBER ON ACTIVITIES OF ECOSYTEM RECOVERY IN MERU BETIRI NATIONAL PARKABSTRACTEcosystem recoveryin Meru Betiri National Park (TNMB) was conducted to reach a certain condition as it listed in the objective of management. This research was conducted to evaluate the characteristic and perception of Wonoasri communityon the activities of ecocystem recovery. This reseach method was descriptive. Data were collected random on thirty-four (34) respondens member of KelompokTani Mitra Rehabilitasi (KETANMERAH). Data were then analyzed with Likert scale. The results showed that charateristic of Wonoasri community involved in therecovery activities were in productive age. The average of their participations in those activities was around 13 years. Perception of those farmers on knowledge of ecosystem recovery was high as the rehabilitation program in TNMB have been conducted since 1999. Perception on the number of major plants and willingness to leave the rehabilitation area was moderate. The species and total amount of major plants was not appropriate according the agreement with TNMB as well as there was a high dependency of farmers on the rehabilitation area
PERGESERAN PANGSA PASAR PRODUK SUSU FERMENTASI BERMEREK DALAM KEMASAN DI KOTA MAKASSAR
No full textDalam memperebutkan konsumen, persaingan perusahaan tidak lagi terbatas pada kegunaan produk, tetapi sudah dikaitkan dengan pergeseran merek. Saat ini banyak bermunculan merek susu fermentasi yang cukup bersaing. Top Brand Survey menunjukkan bahwa Yakult menduduki peringkat teratas kemudian disusul dengan merek Cimory. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memprediksi pergeseran pangsa pasar produk susu fermentasi bermerek dalam kemasan di Kota Makassar. Teknik sampling yang digunakan yaitu purposive sampling. Responden disyaratkan sedang atau pernah mengonsumsi susu fermentasi bermerek dalam kemasan. Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan rantai markov. Hasil penelitian bahwa telah terjadi pergeseran pangsa pasar susu fermentasi bermerek di Kota Makassar sebagai akibat adanya perpindahan merek susu fermentasi. Merek Yakult dan Cimory mengalami peningkatan jumlah pangsa pasar sedangkan merek Vitacharm mengalami penurunan. Dari hasil temuan tersebut dapat diramalkan kecenderungan permintaan susu fermentasi bermerek dalam kemasan di Kota Makassar dan merancang strategi bersaing dalam menguasai pasar. SHIFT MARKET OF PACKAGING DAIRY MILK FERMENTATION PRODUCT IN MAKASSARABSTRACTIn order to gaining the consumers, companies competition is no longer limited to the usefulness of the product, but the brand it selfs already associated with a shift. Today many brands popping fermented milk is quite competitive. Top Brand Survey showed that Yakult was ranked top followed by Cimory brand. The aim of this study is to predict the shift in market share in the branded fermented milk products packaged in Makassar. Sampling technique used is purposive sampling. Respondents were required or never consume fermented milk brand in the packaging. This study analyzed by using Markov chain method. The results of the research that has been a shift in market share fermented milk brand in Makassar as a result of the displacement of fermented milk brand. Yakult brand and cimory brand are increasing number of market share while brand Vitacharm decreased. The findings can be predicted demand trends in the packaging of fermented milk brand in Makassar and devise a strategy to compete in the market.
ANALISIS PENGEMBALIAN KREDIT KETAHANAN PANGAN DAN ENERGI (KKP-E) PETANI PADI DI KABUPATEN KUDUS
No full textTujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui : (1) tingkat pengembalian KKP-E yang sudah dibayarkan oleh petani padi dan untuk mengetahui tingkat kelancaran serta kemampuan pengembalian KKP-E dan (2) faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat pengembalian KKP-E oleh petani padi di Kabupaten Kudus. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 31 responden petani padi yang mengambil KKP-E yang telah jatuh tempo pengembalian kredit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengembalian KKP-E di Kabupaten Kudus dikategorikan lancar dan tepat waktu dengan persentase tingkat tunggakan adalah sebesar 8%, Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan pengembalian KKP-E padi di Kabupaten Kudus secara parsial signifikan berpengaruh adalah jumlah pinjaman, lama usahatani, luas lahan, serta umur. Sedangkan yang tidak signifikan berpengaruh adalah pendapatan usahatani, pendidikan, jumlah tanggungan keluarga dan dummy wilayah. Secara simultan, faktor-faktor independen bersama-sama mempengaruhi jumlah pengembalian KKP-E padi (F sig α = 5%). Nilai adjusted R2 adalah 0.883 atau 88.30%.ANALYSIS OF REPAYMENT OF ‘FOOD AND ENERGY SECURITY’ CREDIT AMONG RICE FARMERS IN KUDUS REGENCYABSTRACTThe aims of this study are (1) to find out various uses of ‘Food and Energy Security’ Credit (Kredit Ketahanan Pangan dan Energi—KKP-E) and its proportion used in rice farming among farmers in Kudus Regency, (2) to examine the repayment of KKP-E ever paid by the rice farmers as well as the smoothness and ability of repaying the credit and (3) to identify the factors affecting the repayment rate of KKP-E by rice farmers in Kudus Regency. This study to collect a sample of 31 respondents among rice farmers taking KKP-E with the expired credit repayment.. The results of the credit repayment rate in Kudus Regency was categorized as smooth and timely with a percentage of back payment was 8% and the factors affecting the success of credit repayment were the amount of credit, farming period, land size, and age, while the factors that did not affect it were farming income, education, number of family member, and dummy of regions. All the independent factors simultaneously affect the amount of KKP-E repayment for rice commodity was F α = 5%. The value of adjusted R2 was 0,.883 or 88,.30%
FAKTOR PENENTU PRODUKSI SAYURAN DAERAH DATARAN TINGGI DI KECAMATAN SUKAPURA KABUPATEN PROBOLINGGO
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pendapatan petani sayuran dataran tinggi dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi sayuran dataran tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif dan regresi linear berganda dengan model Cobb-Douglass. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa: (1) usahatani sayuran dataran tinggi menguntungkan dengan nilai R/C1, (2) bibit, luas lahan, pupuk buatan, pupuk kandang, tenaga kerja, dan pestisida berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produksi sayuran.DETERMINANTS OF UPLAND AREA VEGETABLE PRODUCTION IN SUKAPURA, PROBOLINGGOABSTRACTThis study aims to analyze the income of upland vegetable farmers and the factors-factors that effect the production of high land vegetables. This research uses descriptive analysis method and multiple linear regression with Cobb-Douglass model. The result of the analysis showed that: (1) upland vegetable farming profitable with R/C1, (2) seeds, land area, artificial fertilizer, manure, labor, pesticide have significant effect on vegetable production
PERANAN HOME INDUSTRI EMPING MELINJO DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN KELUARGA DI KECAMATAN BURNEH KABUPATEN BANGKALAN
No full textABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hal-hal sebagai berikut: (1) Untuk mengetahui pendapatan tenaga tenaga kerja Industri Emping Melinjo di Kecamatan Burneh Kabupaten Bangkalan, (2) Untuk mengetahui kontribusi pendapatan tenaga kerja terhadap pendapatan keluarga di sektor industri Emping Melinjo di Kecamatan Burneh Kabupaten Bangkalan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan keluarga di Kecamatan Burneh Kabupaten Bangkalan (Dengan jumlah pendapatan terkecil yaitu 38 orang atau 44% yaitu Rp 750.000-Rp 1.100.000. Kemudian pada jumlah pendapatan terbesar yang diperoleh tenaga kerja ialah Rp.2.150.000-Rp.2.500.000 berjumlah 2 orang atau 2%. Sedangkan kontribusi terhadap pendapatan di sektor industri Emping Melinjo di Kecamatan Burneh Kabupaten Bangkalan bahwa kontribusi pendapatan keluarga terbesar/Tinggi sebanyak 24 orang atau 28 %, kemudian nilai yang terkecil/sangat rendah ialah 10 orang atau 11 %.HOME INDUSTRY MELINJO ROLE IN IMPROVING INCOME FAMILIES IN THE DISTRICT DISTRICT BURNEH BANGKALANABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the following matters: (1) to determine the earnings of industrialworkers in the district chips melinjo Burneh Bangkalan district. (2) to determine the contribution of labor income to the family income in theindustrial sectorin the sub chips melinjo Burneh Bangkalan district.the result showed that the income of families in the district (with the smallest amount of income that is 38 or 44% is Rp 750.000-Rp 1.100.000, then the largest amount of income earned is labor Rp.2.150.000-2.500.000 amounted to 2 or 2%.While the contribution to earning in the industrial sector in the sub chips melinjo Burneh Bangkalan district that contributes the largest family incomeas many as 24 people or 28%, then the smallest value is 10 or 11