Majalah Kedokteran Andalas
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Gangguan Ginjal Akut akibat Keracunan Jengkol
Full text linkJengkolic acid intoxication is one of the causes of acute kidney injury in children. This case report discusses the diagnosis and management of jenkol intoxication in children. We reported a 12-year-old boy with painful urination accompanied by low back pain and urine was initially whitish-colored sand then turned red-colored urine accompanied by reduced urine volume after consuming jengkol. The patient was diagnosed with acute kidney injury due to jenkolic acid intoxication, urinary tract infection, and bilateral hydronephrosis with initial conditions of oliguria, elevated urea, the impression of an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was stage failure, and planned emergency hemodialysis. The patient was managed with bicarbonate sodium and other symptomatic therapy. During monitoring of patients with increased urine output, decreased ureum and increased estimated GFR, hemodialysis was not performed. The patient was treated for 6 days and recommended for control at the pediatric clinic
The Enhancement of COVID-19 Severity on Coagulation Markers: a Cross-sectional Study in West Sumatra, Indonesia
Full text linkObjective: This study aimed to determine the description of the coagulation marker and how it implicates COVID-19 patients based on clinical outcomes in the form of enhancement severity and death. Method: The subjects were collected from patients with positive COVID-19 RT-PCR with medical records including demographic data, and laboratory results such as hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocytes, platelets, coagulation markers (D-dimer, PT, and APTT), and patients outcomes post-treatment. Statistical analysis is performed by using chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were considered statistically difference level of significant between variables. Result: The COVID-19 patients is classified into mild group with 27 subjects (44.2%) and moderate-severe group 34 subjects (55.8%). Leukocytes, D-dimer, and PT levels significantly differed between mild and moderate-severe groups. All coagulation markers had a symptomatic effect on Covid-19 patients, increased D-dimer and prolonged prothrombin time in adult COVID-19 patients tend to be followed by the enhancement of severe symptoms and deat
Organoleptic and Nutrient Tests of Bareh Randang Formula with the Addition of Curd to Reduce Hypercholesterolemia
No full textObjective: This study aims to determine the organoleptic test and nutritional content of the Bareh Randang formula with the addition of curd to reduce hypercholesterolemia. Method: This type of research is experimental by conducting direct experiments using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four levels of curd addition, namely 0 gr, 15 gr, 25 gr and 35 gr per dough formula which is carried out in two repetitions. Organoleptic tests were carried out by 25 panelists. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test and Mann Whitney advanced test. Laboratory tests carried out proximate nutrient content tests and BAL tests. Results: Based on organoleptic tests, the best formula was obtained with the addition of 25 grams of curd. The results of the Kruskal Wallis test showed that there was a significant difference of P<0.05 in color, taste and texture, while in aroma there was no significant difference of P>0.05. From testing the LAB content, it was found that the bareh randang product contained LAB 108 CFU/g which is useful as a probiotic food. Conclusion: When making bareh randang products, it is best to add 25 grams of curd
The Impact of Pulmonary Rehabilitation on Advanced Stage Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy or Radiotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
No full textObjective: This study aims to analyze the efficacy of pulmonary rehabilitation on exercise capacity, lung function, and quality of life (QoL) in advanced lung cancer. Method: This Systematic Review and meta-analysis were conducted based on Randomized Clinical Trials and Prospective articles obtained through searches in PubMed, Google Scholar, Europe PMC, and Cochrane Library. The review focuses on the predetermined topic. The quality of the study was assessed by the Jadad scale for clinical trial studies and Newcastle Ottawa Scale for Cohort. Statistical analysis was done using Review Manager 5.4 software. Result: A total of 6 RCT studies with 251 participants were included in this metaâ€analysis. Patients with lung cancer who have received chemotherapy and or radiation therapy and undergo pulmonary rehabilitation programs have a significant impact on exercise capacity The Six Minute Walk Test (MD=72.06 [95% CI 25.45, 118.67], p=0.002), Forced Expiratory Volume (MD=13.03 [95% CI 0.18,25.89], p= 0.05), Forced Vital Capacity (MD=12.44 [95% CI 0.58, 24.30], p= 0.04) dan HRQoL Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung Cancer Subscale (MD=1.64 [95% CI 0.07,3.21], p= 0.04). Conclusion: Our study suggests that pulmonary rehabilitation impact exercise capacity (6MWT), improvement in lung function, and quality of life.Keywords: Lung cancer; Pulmonary Rehabilitation; Chemotherapy; Radiotherap
Diet Rendah Protein pada Gagal Ginjal Kronik
Full text linkTujuan: Menyediakan informasi mengenai diet rendah protein pada gagal ginjal kronik. Metode: Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan metode literature review. Sumber yang dipakai berupa artikel dari jurnal internasional. Artikel diambil dalam menggunakan Bahasa Inggris. Pencarian sumber artikel menggunakan bantuan mesin pencari Google Scholar dan PubMed. Hasil: Diet rendah protein (Low Protein Diet/LPD, 0,6-0,8 g/kg/hari) dan bahkan diet protein sangat rendah (Very-Low Protein Diet/vLPD, 0,3-0,4 g/kg/hari) direkomendasikan untuk pasien CKD. Diet rendah protein (Low Protein Diet/LPD) memiliki banyak keunggulan dalam pengelolaan pasien CKD dengan mengurangi produk limbah nitrogen dan mengurangi beban kerja ginjal melalui penurunan tekanan intraglomerular, yang memiliki efek protektif ginjal, terutama pada mereka yang memiliki cadangan fungsi nefron yang berkurang. Kesimpulan: Pengelolaan pasien Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) dengan diet protein rendah (LPD) telah diidentifikasi sebagai strategi potensial untuk mengendalikan gejala uremik dan komplikasi metabolik, serta menunda kebutuhan untuk dialisis. Meskipun memiliki manfaat potensial, keberatan terkait Protein-Energy Wasting (PEW) telah membatasi adopsi luas strategi ini di kalangan klinisi. Penting untuk menekankan bahwa penerapan LPD memerlukan pemantauan gizi yang ketat. Sebuah pendekatan multidisiplin, melibatkan spesialis seperti dokter, perawat, ahli gizi, dan pekerja sosial, diperlukan untuk memastikan keberhasilan dan keamanan penerapan LPD dalam pengelolaan pasien CKD
Gambaran Karakteristik Pasien Tuberkulosis Pasien di Puskesmas I Denpasar Selatan
Full text linkTujuan: Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Penyakit ini masih memiliki morbiditas dan mortalitas yang sangat besar di seluruh dunia. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran karakteristik pasien tuberkulosis di Puskesmas I Denpasar Selatan. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dari data register pasien tuberkulosis di Puskesmas I Denpasar Selatan pada Januari 2022 – Maret 2023 dengan teknik total sampling.Hasil: Sebanyak 53 pasien dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Sebagian besar pasien adalah laki-laki (n=34;64,2%), dan berusia <60 tahun (n=46;86,8%). Sebanyak 9 pasien memiliki riwayat diabetes mellitus tipe 2 (17,0%). Sebagian besar pasien terkonfirmasi bakteriologis (n=44;83,0%), dengan hasil pemeriksaan tes cepat molekuler (TCM) yang paling banyak dijumpai adalah MTB detected medium (n=21;47,7%), diikuti dengan MTB detected high (n=9;20,5%), dan MTB detected low (n=8;18,2%). Mayoritas pasien tergolong ke dalam tuberkulosis paru (n=50;94,3%) dan hanya 3 pasien tergolong ke dalam tuberkulosis ekstra paru (n=3;5,7%). Terkait dengan profil pengobatan, mayoritas dari pasien mendapatkan pengobatan kategori I (n=47;88,7%), dan hanya 6 pasien mendapatkan pengobatan dengan dosis harian (n=6;11,3%). Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar pasien tuberkulosis pada studi ini adalah berjenis kelamin laki-laki, berusia <60 tahun, dan terkonfirmasi secara bakteriologis. Mayoritas pasien mendapatkan pengobatan kategori I
Pengaruh Pemberian Makanan Cair Formula Tinggi Lemak terhadap Nilai PCO2 dan Lama Pemakaian Alat Bantu Nafas Pasien COVID 19 dengan Sakit Kritis
Full text linkTujuan: Penulisan artikel penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian makanan cair formula tinggi lemak terhadap nilai PCO2, dan lama pemakaian (jam) alat bantu nafas pasien COVID 19 sakit kritis. Metode: membandingkan nilai PCO2, dan durasi penggunaan alat bantu pernapasan pada pasien COVID-19 dengan penyakit kritis, antara kelompok pasien COVID-19 yang diberikan nutrisi formula lipid tinggi dan pasien yang diberikan nutrisi formula cair standar. Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil analisis, tidak terdapat perbedaan pemberian PULMOSOL dan formula standar berdasarkan PCO2 pada penggunaan ventilator pada pasien kritis COVID-19 di RSUP Dr. M Djamil Padang (p>0,05) dengan HR = 1,39 (95% CI 1,55-3,55). Pada pasien dengan peningkatan PCO2, ditemukan bahwa kelompok intervensi yang meninggal sebanyak 55,6%, lebih rendah dibandingkan kelompok kontrol (62,5%). Namun, pada pasien dengan penurunan pCO2, kelompok intervensi yang meninggal sebanyak 50,0%, lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok kontrol (40%). Kesimpulan: Uji statistik menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara pemberian PULMOSOL dan hasil akhir penyakit kritis COVID-19 (p>0,05)
Effect of Topical Application of Black Seed Oil (Nigella Sativa) on Wound Healing in Diabetic Rat Ulcer Model
Full text linkObjective : This study aims to evaluate the use of topical black seed oil on wound healing in a diabetic rat model. Method:10 experimental rats were induced with streptozotocin at a dose of 55 mg/kg BW. Diabetic rats were anesthetized and then the wound was made with a biopsy push with a diameter of 10 mm. The rats were divided into 2 groups, namely the untreated group and the topical treatment group with 1 ml of 100% Black Seed Oil every day for 14 days. Wound healing evaluation was carried out on days 7 and 14. Gene expression analysis was performed using molecular technique RT PCR an histopathologically using He staining. Data analysis used T test. Result: On day 7 there was a decrease in TNF expression with p <0.05, while on day 14 it also showed a decrease in TNF alpha expression with p <0.01. Histopathological showed positive development by showing better wound healing with complete epithelialization, granulation with lower inflammatory cells, higher fibroblasts and collagen compared to the control group. Conclusion :Black seed oil can increase the speed of wound healing in diabetic rat models by inhibiting TNF alpha expression
Potensi Probiotik dalam Peningkatan Kesehatan Lanjut Usia
Full text linkTren demografi menggambarkan bahwa jumlah orang lanjut usia (lansia) terus meningkat secara dramatis. Semakin bertambahnya usia, tubuh semakin rentan mengalami gangguan kesehatan dikarenakan menurunnya berbagai fungsi organ. Investigasi faktor yang mendasari penyakit pada lansia mengungkapkan peran mikrobiota usus. Studi menunjukkan bahwa gut-brain axis (GBA) yaitu rute komunikasi dua arah antara saluran pencernaan dan sistem saraf pusat memainkan peran penting dalam fisiologi dan penyakit inang.  Tujuan: Mengetahui peran probiotik dalam meningkatkan status kesehatan lansia; Metode: Artikel ini ditulis dengan metode studi kepustakaan yang berhubungan dengan probiotik dan kesehatan lansia ; Hasil: Mikrobiota usus memainkan peran penting dalam kesehatan karena terlibat dalam proses metabolisme yang memengaruhi kognisi, dan fungsi imunitas, yang penting untuk mencapai penuaan yang sehat. Intervensi tepat waktu untuk lansia harus dilakukan untuk memperbaiki komposisi mikrobiota usus selama proses penuaan, termasuk suplementasi probiotik. Probiotik adalah mikroorganisme hidup yang bila diberikan dalam jumlah yang cukup akan memberikan manfaat pada inangnya. Penelitian mengenai peran probiotik terhadap kesehatan lansia menunjukkan manfaat probiotik pada lansia, antara lain terhadap imunitas, neurodegeneratif, kardiovaskuler, dan sistem tubuh lainnya ; Kesimpulan: Probiotik bermanfaat terhadap berbagai sistem organ dan dapat meningkatkan kesehatan lanjut usia
Pengamatan Jangka Panjang dan Intervensi Anak dengan Rakhitis dan Hipovitaminosis D
Full text linkRickets is associated with impaired calcium and phosphate homeostasis, which can lead to short stature and joint deformities. Nutritional rickets results from deficiencies of vitamin D, calcium and phosphate. Vitamin D regulates calcium and phosphorus in the blood, if there is a deficiency of vitamin D it results in inadequate mineralization of osteoid produced by osteoblasts. It is important to ensure adequate vitamin D supplementation in nutritional rickets and rule out vitamin D deficiency in other forms of rickets, which may hinder healing of rickets. Medical rehabilitation can improve functional independence by reducing pain and improving joint mobility, muscle strength, endurance, and gait in rickets patients