Majalah Kedokteran Andalas
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Gambaran Tekanan Darah dan Profil Lipid Pada Pasien Stroke Iskemik Akut
Get PDFObjective: To determine the description of blood pressure and lipid profile of patients with ischemic stroke who were hospitalized at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan. Methods: This study used a descriptive method with a cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study were patients with ischemic stroke who were treated at the Haji Adam Malik General Hospital. Data was taken using medical records. The variables collected were gender, age, blood pressure and lipid profile. Results: A total of 80 patients with ischemic stroke were included in this study. Most patients with ischemic stroke are above the age of 50 years with the proportion of sex both male and female is the same. 73.75% of patients with ischemic stroke have hypertension. From the lipid profile, 57.5% of patients had total cholesterol above normal, 71.25% of patients had triglycerides within normal limits, 73.7% of patients had low HDL levels and 65% patients had LDL levels above normal. Conclusion: Most stroke patients in this study had hypertension, had total cholesterol levels above normal, had normal triglyceride levels, had low HDL levels and had LDL levels above normal
Reduksi Hipertrofi Tonsil Lingual Grade 4 dengan Mikrodebrider
Get PDFHipertrofi tonsil lingual (HTL) merupakan salah satu kondisi klinis yang sering ditemukan pada praktik klinis di THT-KL. Rasa mengganjal menjadi salah satu gejala yang sering dikeluhkan. Adapun pemicu terjadinya HTL adalah Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (LPR), riwayat tonsilektomi dan alergi. Dilaporkan satu kasus pasien wanita, 35 tahun dengan keluhan utama rasa mengganjal di tenggorok yang semakin memberat sejak 1 bulan yang lalu dan berdasarkan anamnesis serta pemeriksaan fiberoptic laryngoscopy didapatkan hipetrofi tonsil lingual grade 4 dan LPR. Dilakukan tindakan reduksi tonsil lingual dengan mikrodebrider setelah sebelumnya diterapi LPR selama 6 bulan. Tindakan pembedahan HTL dapat dilakukan pada terapi medikamentosa yang gagal serta pada HTL grade3 dan 4. Mikrodebrider dilaporkan menjadi salah satu pilihan teknik pada pembedahan HTL.Kata kunci: Hipertrofi tonsil lingual, Laryngopharyngeal Reflux, mikrodebrider, alerg
The Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Wharton Jelly on Alzheimer’s Rat with Y-Maze Test Method
Get PDFObjective: This study aims to examine the y-maze test in alzheimer's rat after giving mesenchymal stem cell wharton jelly. Methods: This study used the y-maze test method to test the cognitive test of rat with the Y arm model. The treatment group consisted of a control, AlCl3, MSC-WJ and a combination of AlCl3 and MSC-WJ. The results obtained were analyzed in the form of a percentage. Results: The results of this study showed that the y-maze test showed that MSC-WJ had a significant effect compared to the AlCl3 control group in the alzheimer’s rat, namely 51.33% and 12.31%. Conclusion: In this study it was concluded that that MSC-WJ has a significant effect on alzheimer’s rat with y maze test.Keywords: AlCl3; Alzheimer’s; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Wharton Jell
Uji Aktivitas Antidiare Ekstrak Daun Mangkokan Terhadap Mencit yang Diinduksi Oleum Ricini
Get PDFObjective: the purpose of this study was to determine the antidiarrheal activity against mice induced by oleum ricini by giving various dose of mangkokan leaf extract; Method: this is an experimental research with post-test randomized control group design. This study used samples of male Balb/C mice weighing 20-35 grams which were acclimatized for a week before given any treatment. Mice were divided into 5 treatment groups: group A (given CMC 0.5% as negative control), group B (given loperamide as positive control), group C (given extract 150 mg/kgBW), group D (given extract 300 mg/kg), group E (given extract 600 mg/kgBW). Parameters observed were frequency of diarrhea, onset of diarrhea, duration of diarrhea, stool consistency, and stool weight; Result: Â statistical test analysis showed significant results (P<0.05) on each observation parameter; Conclusion: Mangkokan leaf extract with a dose of 150 mg/kgBW, 300 mg/kgBW and 600 mg/kgBW has potential as antidiarrheal which shown in each parameter of observation. Dose that produced the best antidiarrheal activity was the mangkokan leaf extract at a dose of 600 mg/kgBW
Variasi Genetik Region Binding Motif (RBM) Gen Spike SARS CoV-2 Pada Isolat Lokal Sumatera Barat
Get PDFTujuan: untuk mengetahui sebaran titik mutasi pada sekuens Region Binding Motif (RBM) gen Spike SARS CoV-2 yang berasal dari isolat lokal Sumatera Barat. Metode: studi deskriptif eksploratif menggunakan koleksi spesimen laboratorium Pusat Diagnostik dan Riset Penyakit Infeksi (PDRPI) Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas yang diisolasi, dilanjutkan tahap sequencing dan analisa data secara bioinformatika. Hasil: terdapat tiga titik mutasi non-synonimous disepanjang RBM gen Spike SARS Co-2. Kesimpulan: mutasi Asn439Lys merupakan titik mutasi tersering pada RBM gen Spike sebesar 11% diikuti Ser477Gly dan Thr478Ile masing-masingnya 3% dan 1%
Total-to-HDL Cholesterol Ratio and Visceral Adiposity Index Correlation in Type Two Diabetics with or without Ischemic Stroke
Get PDFObjective: The study aims to analyze clinical and laboratory data differences, also the correlation of Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) with other observed parameters in type 2 diabetics with or without ischemic stroke. Methods: This study was conducted as analytic observational study with cross-sectional design. Clinical data were directly collected from patients, followed by laboratory data collection. There was a comparison (Mann-Whitney or independent T-tests) and correlation analysis (Pearson or Spearman). Results: In the ischemic stroke group, the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio and VAI were significantly higher (p=0.033 and 0.002, respectively) than the non-ischemic stroke group. The total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio and VAI had a significant correlation (p<0.001). Clinical (WC and VAI) and laboratory data (total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, and total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio) differ significantly in type 2 diabetics with or without ischemic stroke. Conclusion: In both diabetes groups, with or without ischemic stroke, there was a significant correlation between VAI and the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio
Hubungan pengetahuan pasien dengan penyalahgunaan obat resep dokter golongan analgesik
Get PDFTujuan: Obat golongan analgesik merupakan salah satu golongan obat yang sering diresepkan oleh dokter dan digunakan untuk meredakan rasa nyeri. Penggunaan obat analgesik yang tepat dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan pasien yang baik mengenai obat analgesik yang diresepkan, sehingga dapat mencegah masalah penyalahgunaan obat khususnya golongan analgesik. penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan pasien dengan penyalahgunaan obat resep dokter golongan analgesik. Metode: analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional terhadap 81 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner pada bulan Oktober – November 2019 di RS Sumber Waras. Data dianalisis dengan uji fisher-exact dan frekuensi statistik program SPSS versi 26. Hasil: 71 pasien (87,7%) berpengetahuan baik dan 10 pasien (12,3%) berpengetahuan rendah mengenai obat analgesik yang diresepkan. Sembilan pasien (11,1%) menyalahgunakan obat resep dokter golongan analgesik dan 72 pasien (82,9%) lainnya tidak menyalahgunakan. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan nilai signifikansi p = 0,000 (p<0,005). Kesimpulan: pengetahuan pasien berhubungan dengan penyalahgunaan obat resep dokter golongan analgesik
Karakteristik Pasien Otitis Media Supuratif Kronik di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan
Get PDFObjective: Knowing the current picture regarding the profile of patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan. Â Method: This study is a descriptive study to get an overview of CSOM patients at the Haji Adam Malik General Hospital. The sampling technique in this study used total sampling. Data on CSOM patients were taken from medical records. Samples that meet the criteria for inclusion in this study are CSOM patients with complete medical records. Results: A total of 130 CSOM patient data were included in this study. The majority of CSOM patients are in the age range of 11-20 years and 21-30 years, each with 33 patients (25.4%). Most of the patients were male (63.1%) and did not work (55.4%). The main complaint of most CSOM patients in this study was otorrhoea (36.9%) and 63.8% of CSOM cases were benign. About 20.8% of CSOM patients had no complications and the most treatment for CSOM patients was collapsed wall tympanomastoidectomy (36.2%). Conclusion: The description of CSOM patients at Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan has a similar picture with CSOM patients in general
Hubungan Antara Rule of Ten Terhadap Kejadian Komplikasi Pasca Labioplasty
Get PDFObjective: To determine the relationship between the use of the rule of ten on the occurrence of postoperative complications. Methods: This study is an analytic study with a cross-sectional design. Samples were taken from cleft lip patient medical records at Accuplast Hospital Medan from 2016 to 2018. The sample size was taken using the total sampling technique. Data taken in the form of gender, age, weight, hemoglobin levels and postoperative complications. The data that has been obtained is then analyzed using SPSS. Results: A total of 86 patients were included in this study. The majority of patients were male (55.8%), body weight above 4.5 kg (98.8%), patient age over 10 weeks (97.7%), and hemoglobin levels above 10 g/dL (96 ,5%). A total of 80 patients (93%) met the rule of ten criteria and 7 patients (8.1%) had postoperative complications. From the results of the Fischer exact test analysis, it was found that there was no significant relationship between the rule of ten and postoperative complications. Conclusion: In this study, there was no significant relationship between the rule of ten and the incidence of post-labioplasty complication
Efektivitas Kandungan Bahan Aktif Agen Anti Plak Gigi Komersial Terhadap Penurunan Plak Gigi
Get PDFYellowish plaque on the teeth can cause tartar and caries until causing swollen gums. Objective: To compare the antibacterial effect on plaque reduction of toothpaste containing zinc-citrate, fluoride, sodium monofluorophosphate. Methods: This study uses a pretest-post-test control group design with 20 participants aged 16-23 years through a zoom meeting, the calculation of the Oleary Index which is categorized as good (score 0-20%), moderate (score 21-40%), poor (score 41-60%) and very bad (score > 60%). Results: In group A, using 1.12% sodium monofluorophosphate and 2% calcium carbonate showed that most of the study participants showed a decrease in plaque in the second week. Group B using 5% Pyrophosphate and 0.3% sodium fluoride experienced a decrease in plaque index in the second week, the calculation of the O'Leary plaque index, especially in study participants B5 who experienced a significant decrease in plaque index. In group C, using 5% pyrophosphate, 0.2% sodium fluoride and 0.2% zinc citrate. experienced a decrease in plaque index in the second week, but with a less significant difference in the percentage of plaque index. Conclusion: The index decreased significantly in group B toothpaste containing plaque agents in the form of pyrophosphate and 0.3% sodium fluoride