Repositorio Institucional USIL - Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola
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The Lexicographical Notes in Bilingual Dictionaries
Get PDFDictionary notes play an important role in description of a title unit. A note is an abbreviated word or phrase which gives a certain characteristic to the language unit. Traditionally, different types of notes are distinguished: grammatical, stylistic, sectoral, chronological, etc. The object of this research is a lexicographic note which can be justified if it demarks the usage sphere and language peculiarities of the title unit. The material for the research is bilingual (Russian-Tatar and Russian-Chinese) dictionaries of various types of the end of the 20th – beginning of the 21st centuries. The paper presents the results of comparative analysis of the notes system in bilingual dictionaries. The study revealed the following: 1) when lexical units are supplied with notes, the authors and compilers of bilingual dictionaries, as a rule, use the data from thesauri of the entry language, though not always consistently; 2) stylistic notes (разг., груб., бранн., сниж., пренебр., презр., etc.) do not have distinct boundaries, thus, a user may have difficulties seeing the difference between the properties; 3) the problem of singularia tantum and pluralia tantum words should be specially highlighted, namely, if one meaning of a word is singularia tantum and another is pluralia tantum; 4) a certain group of notes is rare in the analyzed dictionaries, for example, statistical notes, the notes pointing out the dialectical character of the described unites, etc. Terminological notes should be used only for describing polysemantic words to distinguish between their meanings and homonyms; 5) when using lexicographic notes, one of the linguography principles is often violated – to describe similar things in a similar way
Lingvocultural Types in the British Language Picture of the World
Get PDFOne of the mainstreams in linguistics at the end of the XXth - beginning of the XXIst century is a linguocultural modeling of linguistic consciousness and communicative behaviour, i.e. the creation of a certain linguocultural archetype. By itself, the term "linguocultural archetype" is an interdisciplinary concept of cultural linguistics, linguistic conceptology and linguistic personology. The authors of the paper consider a linguocultural archetype, on the one hand, as a set of indicators, which make it possible to find a recognizable image of some individual, and on the other hand, reveal the features typical for a social or ethnic group, which is a binding basis for the archetype. The linguocultural archetypes presented in the paper are considered as typified individuals from a certain ethno-social group; they are recognisable by their characteristic features of verbal and non-verbal behaviour and value orientation in the society. The paper deals with conceptual, figurative, value and associative features of British linguocultural archetypes such as "English policeman", and "knocker up".The important indicators of linguocultural archetypes in cognitive consciousness of people are recurrence, associativity and textuality. The recognisability of the linguocultural archetypes "English policeman" and "knocker up" is stipulated by the mentioning of these professions in films, works of writers and artists, as well as in mass media materials
La resiliencia como factor fundamental en tiempos de Covid-19
Get PDFAt present, where there is a global health crisis due to a virus called Covid-19, presenting a great challenge for the field of medicine and a drastic change in people's lives, a different way must be devised to be able to mourn because the virus is still in force in the environment, in addition to having lost many lives, a duel is not allowed with the respect and custom that is had in different cultures. Throughout the pandemic, there are moments of anguish, pain,depression and chaos; having to overcome drastically and resiliently. The present investigation is of a mixed, exploratory-descriptive type, the results of which are carried out for the academic context by means of a simple random sampling, based on the calculation of the sample and the predisposition of the respondents to participate voluntarily, taking as a sample 261 people between youth and adults aged 20 to over 60 years. In conclusion, post-pandemic resilience can be seen in respondents who are proneto a state of depression and anxiety, the same that must be attended by specialists providing psychosocial support.En la actualidad, en donde se vive una crisis mundial de salud a causa de un virus llamado Covid-19, presentando un gran reto para el campo de la medicina y un cambio drástico en las vidas de las personas, se debe idear un modo diferente de poder llevar el duelo porque el virus sigue vigente en el entorno, además de haber perdido muchas vidas, no se permite realizar un duelo con el respeto y costumbre que se tiene en distintas culturas. A lo largo de la pandemia, se muestran momentos de angustia, dolor, depresión y caos; debiendo superar de manera drástica y resiliente. La presente investigación es de tipo mixta, exploratoria- descriptiva, cuyos resultados se realizan para el contexto académico mediante un muestreo aleatorio simple, en base al cálculo de la muestra y la predisposición de los encuestados de participar en forma voluntaria, teniendo como muestra a 261 personas entre jóvenes y adultos de 20 a más de 60 años. En conclusión, la resiliencia post pandemia se puede advertir en los encuestados que se encuentran proclives a un estado de depresión y ansiedad, el mismo que debe ser atendido por los especialistas brindando un apoyo psicosocial
El trabajo con las familias ante las drogas porteras con un enfoque de derechos
Get PDFChildren, adolescents and young people at the family level are exposed to a variety of risk factors such as street drugs. One of them, smoking, must be reconciled from a legal approach to mitigate this situation within the family. The purpose of this paper is to describe the family influence on smoking and its consequences from the epidemiological, legal and social point of view. Family history of smoking has a significant influence on tobacco consumption.Los niños y adolescentes se encuentran expuestos al nivel familiar, tienen una diversidad de factores de riesgo y entre ellas se encuentran las drogas porteras. El tabaquismo, desde un enfoque de derecho debe tenerse en cuenta para atenuar esta situación en el marco de la familia. Este trabajo tiene como propósito describir la influencia familiar ante el tabaquismo y las consecuencias que acarrea desde el marco epidemiológico, legal y social
Investigating the effect of internet addiction on the tendency to marital infidelity in couples in Shiraz
Get PDFBackground and Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Internet addiction on the tendency to marital infidelity in couples in Shiraz. Method: The statistical population includes all men and women who referred to counseling centers in Shiraz for marriage counseling in 2015. These people completed the Internet Addiction Questionnaire and were divided into two groups: Internet addicts and normal. Samples were selected by available sampling method from Shiraz city counseling centers, 60 Internet addicts and 60 normal people. Findings(Results): The results showed that there is a significant difference between Internet addicts and people who use the Internet normally in the tendency to betray and addicted people have a greater tendency to betray. The difference between men and women in the tendency to betray is not significant and the duration Marriage is also a poor predictor of marital infidelity. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that people with Internet addiction are more prone to betrayal. This issue can be both a sign of betrayal and a cause for it. In any case, the extreme presence in cyberspace facilitates the tendency to betrayal in people
A study of socio-cultural elements in common proverbs in Khorasan Razavi with emphasis on Kashmar city
Get PDFOne of the manifestations of culture and civilization and even literature of any country is the proverbs, rulings and short and rich words that arise from the greats of science and literature or from the common people and in our vast and ancient language there are thousands of proverbs and words Which has taste, thought and kindness and good interpretation in saying the meaning. The people of a society, when they find their experiences and reserves and those of the past as accepted and certain facts, express them in short sentences, in the form of poetry or prose, so that when they use them, the audience Immerse yourself in deep thought and leave a lasting impression on him. In fact, proverbs are the essence of a nation's collective wisdom that has been polished over time and passed down to us heart to heart. In our country, due to its ancient history, there are many proverbs. Although in different Iranian ethnic groups these proverbs have differences in language and dialect, but many of them are common in terms of meaning or concept. This article tries to examine the socio-cultural elements of the proverbs common in Kashmar city, its roots, dialect and their uses
Critical Thinking Technology in the Training of Law Professionals
Get PDFAccording to the Federal State Educational Standards of Secondary Vocational Education (FSES SVE), graduates should master general and professional competencies according to the specialty. Students should acquire a certain set of knowledge and skills and gain practical experience in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard through the study of professional modules. The professional modules are subdivided into interdisciplinary courses. In practice, the challenges in the educational process of secondary vocational education are in the development of general competencies. General competencies include the ability to apply acquired knowledge, skills and practical experience in solving general problems in a wide field of activity. Professional competency is the ability to apply the knowledge, skills and experience gained in solving professional problems in particular activities. The competency-based approach corresponds to the demands of society and employers for specialists capable to apply knowledge in practice, to independently set tasks and solve them in specific situations. Based on the foregoing, the technology for the development of critical thinking is able to satisfy the needs of teachers and students in the conditions of a competency-based approach. The development of thinking skills and abilities of students in the educational process is necessary not only during vocational training or in professional activity, but also in everyday life. This is especially important in the unstable economic and political situation in the Russian Federation and the world at the present time, when it is necessary to quickly, sometimes even radically reorganize their career under the prevailing circumstances. A specific feature of the educational process of secondary vocational education is not only a competency-based approach to learning, but also a modular approach implemented through professional modules. Professional modules and interdisciplinary courses included in them are defined by the FSES SPE, however, in some cases, the variability of the content of the module is allowed, i.e. the educational institution independently decides which interdisciplinary courses to include in the module
Evaluation of the Relationship between Personality and Conservatism of Investors in the Stock Exchange (Case Study: Insurance Companies)
Get PDFThe purpose of this research to "investigate the relationship between personality and conservatism of investors of insurance companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange." The present study was applied research in terms of purpose, which has employed a descriptive and correlational method. The statistical population of this research included all people who buy and sell shares of insurance companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. According to Cochran's formula, the sample size was determined as much as 384 people collected by a simple random sampling method. The research instruments were the Conservative Questionnaire based on the Gribel and Leighton (1999) and McCrae and Costa (1985) five-factor personality questionnaire. The questionnaire’s validity was confirmed by 20 experts, and the reliability of all three questionnaires was acceptable for all three questionnaires due to Cronbach's alpha above 0.79. The data analysis was conducted using the Pearson correlation test and regression analysis. The results indicated a significant relationship between the investors’ personality and their conservatism in the Tehran Stock Exchange. There was also a significant relationship between all personality components except for extraversion with the investor’s conservatism in the Tehran Stock Exchange
Analysis of ethnic differences of Iranian sports fans in the variables of Islamic cohesion, national identity, and perception of sports success
Get PDFIran is a country with different ethnicities and religions and some negative experiences of conflicts throughout history. It is believed that; Sports success is a factor in the greater convergence of a country's citizens. This article analyzes the ethnic differences of Iranian sports fans in Islamic cohesion, national identity, and perception of sports success. The research was a descriptive survey. The statistical population was all Iranians interested in national sports, 968 of whom participated in the study voluntarily. The research instruments were the researcher-made questionnaire of Perception of Sports Success, the National Identity Questionnaire of Hear and James (2007), and the Islamic Cohesion Questionnaire of Baghbanian and Morowat (2011). The content and face validity of the questionnaires were confirmed by the professors and their reliability was calculated with Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.78, 0.88, and 0.83, respectively. The test of hypotheses showed that; the variables of Islamic cohesion and national identity have a statistically significant difference between Shiite and Sunni respondents (P <0.05). The variables of Islamic cohesion and national identity also had a statistically significant difference between the respondents of ethnic groups (P <0.05) while there was no statistically significant difference in the perception of sporting success between the respondents of different ethnic groups and religious groups (P <0.05). The findings of the study emphasized the positive functions of sports success in the convergence of more religious and ethnic groups in the country
Analysis of Public Procurement of Medicines in Russia
Get PDFOne of the main components of the drug supply of the country's population with medicines is public procurement, which at the legislative level implements the principle of universal access to medical care and guarantees the quality of medical services provided. The authors analyzed the system of public procurement of medicines in Russia: the main sources of financing, customers and suppliers, territorial distribution, structure of methods of placing state orders are determined