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Effect of Methanolic Extract of Justicia Flava on Petroleum-Induced Reduced Cell Division and DNA Damage
Get PDFThe objective of this research was to determine the import of Justicia flava methanolic extract against petroleum-stimulated reduced cell division and DNA fragmentation.
Materials and Methods. Ninety rats were distributed and treated as follows for thirty days: Group A - normal diet; Group B - normal feed + 100mg/kg bwt of Justicia flava methanolic extract; Group C - normal feed + 200mg/kg bwt of Justicia flava methanolic extract; Group D - normal feed + 300mg/kg bwt of Justicia flava methanolic extract; Group E - normal feed + 250 mg/kg bwt of standard ascorbic acid; Group F - crude oil-tainted feed; Group G - crude oil-tainted feed + 250 mg/kg bwt of standard ascorbic acid; Group H - crude oil-tainted feed + 100mg/kg bwt of Justicia flava methanolic extract; Group I - crude oil-tainted feed + 200mg/kg bwt of Justicia flava methanolic extract. After thirty days, the rats were sacrificed under chloroform sedation and the liver and kidney were collected for cellular analysis via standard protocols.
Results. The results showed that administration of Justicia flava methanolic extract decreased petroleum-induced reduced cell division and DNA damage in the liver and kidney of experimental rats. Justicia flava methanolic extract is potent antidote for petroleum-induced DNA damage in the liver and kidney of rats.
Conclusions. It is no doubt that ingestion of petroleum-tainted diet could culminate in DNA damage in organs and tissues of animals. However, the administration of Justicia flava methanolic extract was found to prevent this damage in renal and liver cells of experimental rats
Clinical Features, Course and Indicators of Endothelial Function and Systemic Immune-Inflammatory Response in Patients with Chronic Coronary Artery Disease Depending on Affected Coronary Artery Number
Get PDFIn Ukraine, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and rank second among primary diseases. Nowadays the most common cardiovascular disease is coronary artery disease that accounts for 33.7% of total cardiovascular pathology cases.
The objective of the research was to study clinical manifestations and indicators of endothelial function and immune-inflammatory response in the patients with coronary artery disease, heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction depending on affected coronary artery number.
Materials and methods. The study included 62 patients with chronic coronary artery disease, heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction who underwent coronary artery stenting. Among the examined patients, males prevailed – 52 (83.9%) individuals. All the patients were randomized according to the number of the affected coronary arteries and divided into two groups. Clinical manifestations were studied; the patients’ quality of life was assessed; the functional state of the myocardium was determined according to the six-minute walk test; the indicators of endothelial dysfunction were analyzed by endothelin-l level; the indicators of immune inflammatory response were analyzed by serum levels of C-reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor.
Results. In the examined patients, the clinical course did not depend on the number of the affected coronary arteries; however, to reduce the incidence of cardiac pain, the patients with multivessel coronary artery disease received 2±0.1 extra nitroglycerin tablets.
Conclusions. Quality of life and physical well-being were better in the patients with single-vessel coronary artery disease (p<0.05). Myocardial functional reserves were lower in the patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (p<0.05), while the intensity of immune inflammation and endothelial dysfunction reduced in case of multivessel coronary artery disease that confirmed a strong correlation between the indicators of tumor necrosis factor and endothelin-l
A Revision Arthrodesis of Severe Charcot Foot with Intramedullary Nail: a Case Report and Literature Review
Get PDFDiabetic Charcot foot is characterized by varying degrees of bone and joint disorganization secondary to underlying neuropathy, perturbations of bone metabolism and trauma. Offloading is the most important initial treatment recommendation. Surgery can be helpful in early stages involving acute fractures of the foot or ankle or in later stages when offloading is ineffective. Incorrect diagnosis and improper treatment often result in the extremity having to be amputated.
There are several surgical procedures accepted in Charcot foot surgery. Their goal is to obtain a plantigrade foot and prevent recurrent ulcerations. Arthrodesis is a well-known surgical procedure that addresses severe joint derangement through a surgically induced bony fusion. In Charcot foot, arthrodesis is usually indicated when there is significant skeletal instability. This procedure can be done by internal or external fixation
State of Lipid and Fat-Acidic Spectrum of Blood Plasma in the Residents of the Plain Regions of Transcarpathia Depending on Age and Trophological Status
Get PDFThe objective of the study – is to identify the age peculiarities of the fat-acidic and lipid blood plasma spectrum in the inhabitants of the plain settlements of the Transcarpathian region with overweight and obesity.
Materials and methods. There were examined 107 persons, who applied for the assistance to the Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic №7 in Uzhgorod. The examined persons were estimated the following data: age, gender, BMI, waist circumference, lipid and fat-acidic spectrum.
Results of the study. The study involved 74 women (69.1%) and 33 men (30.9%). The average age of the examined persons was 52.4±1.0 years. The BMI of the examined patients was 27.5±0.4 kg/m2, and the waist circumference was – 92.4±1.6 cm. All patients were divided into 6 age groups with intervals of 5 years, starting with 40 years. Starting from the 46 years and older, in each age group, there was a significantly higher BMI compared to persons under 40 years of age. In the examined persons over 40 years the changes of the lipid spectrum in the direction of growth of atherogenic fractions were observed.
Beginning from the age of 46 years, the levels of total ω6-PUFA and ω3-PUFA are significantly higher compared to persons aged under 40 years. In individuals aged under 50 years there is an increase of average levels of PUFA, therefore the highest growth of ω3-PUFAs is observed in the period from 40 to 50 years of age (from 60.10±5.50 μg/ml to 102.9±5.20 μg/ml, p< 0.01), and of ω6-PUFA in the period from 45 to 50 years (from 1288.10±62.40 μg/ml to 1501.10±67.50 μg/ml; p=0.03).
Conclusions. There is a shift in the lipid spectrum, which corresponds to atherogenic dyslipidemia, in the examined persons aged over 40 years. In individuals aged under 50 years there is an increase in total levels of PUFA, thus the highest growth of ω3-PUFA is observed in the period from 40 to 50 years, and ω6- PUFA in the period from 45 to 50 years. The stabilization of the fatty acids composition was revealed in persons aged 50 years and more
Student’s Research Activity
Get PDFBreakthrough technologies and fast development in the informational basis in medicine put on finding different sources for well-timed reception of necessary information in order to keep pace with achievements in medicine (journals, conferences, and webinars). Such demand can be often met only after individual studying, researching necessary information. Each student must be proficient in methods of research activity. In higher educational institutions of Ukraine students are taught to approach search and usage of scientific and practical research projects methodologically in their training.
Objective. To teach students formulate hypotheses, collect and evaluate critical data for problem solving, writing of a research project
Lung Injuries on Computerized Tomography Due to Pellet Gun
Get PDFPellet gun used by law enforcement agencies have the potential to cause grevious or life threatening injuries as metallic projectiles fired at high speeds from pellet gun have potential to damage air containing organs like lungs which occupy a large portion of chest cavity and lie in close approximation to chest wall. Thoracic injury overall is the third most common cause of trauma following injury to the head and extremities.
Objective. The objective of this study was to evaluate lung pellet gun injuries in patients of a conflict zone by a so called non-lethal weapon.
Methods. The study was conducted in post graduate department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Government Medical College, Srinagar Jammu and Kashmir. Our study was performed between the 6th January 2019 to the 22th May 2019. A total of 40 patients with pellet injuries were taken up for study.
Inclusion criteria were patients with pellet gun injuries without any immediate life threatening injury like head injury; patients willing to be part of study. Radiographs of all the patients were studied. Whenever there was suspicion of severe injury, CT scan was done. We obtained thin-section axial CT scans (0.625– 1.25 mm) with multiplanar reformation with an interval of 3-5 mm.
Results. All of the patients were males with most of patients in age group of 20 to 30 years.
About 14 patients out of 40 had lung injuries. The most common pattern of lung injury was pneumothorax followed by pulmonary hemorrhage.
In conclusion, a so called non-lethal pellet gun used by law enforcement agencies has the potential to cause lung injuries which can sometimes be lethal to life especially when fired from short distance
The Use of the Test for Oral Muscular Coordination Ability to Increase the Level of Adaptive Capacity of Oral Cavity Organs to Prosthodontic Treatment of Patients with Completely Absent Dentition
Get PDFIncrease in the level of adaptive capacity of oral cavity organs to the prosthodontic treatment of patients with completely absent dentition is one of the urgent problems of modern dentistry. In order to increase the level of adaptability to complete removable laminar dentures, a set of standard samples according to H. Landt was used to test the ability for precise coordination of masticatory muscles – the MA-test (Muscular-Ability) as a means of a group of muscles stimulation providing precise coordination of masticatory muscles. This adaptation process was called MA-stimulation. The level of adaptive capacity of the oral cavity organs was studied using oral stereognosis. The criteria for oral stereognosis assessment included the average time of one sample determination (sec) and the correctness of the samples determination (%). In order to achieve the objective, we conducted a study of tactile sensitivity in the oral cavity using oral stereognosis in 90 patients with completely absent dentition who applied for the prosthodontic retreatment. The patients’ age ranged from 45 to 89 years. The patients were divided into two groups. Group I included 30 patients who underwent the prosthodontic treatment without preliminary MA-stimulation. Group II included 60 patients who underwent MA-stimulation for 14 days before the prosthodontic treatment.
According to the results of oral stereognosis in Group II of patients, the average time of one sample determination after fourteen days of MA-stimulation decreased by 24.5% (p˂0.05) and the index of correctness of the samples determination increased by 32.0% (р˂0.001); the average time of one sample determination decreased by another 19.3% in 1 month after the prosthodontic treatment, and it decreased by 17.4% (р˂0.05) in 3 months after the prosthodontic treatment; the index of the correctness of the samples determination increased by 17.5% (p˂0.001) and 10.5% (p˂0.01) respectively in 1 and 3 months after the prosthodontic treatment.
Oral stereognosis indices changed significantly only in 1 month after the prosthodontic treatment in Group I of patients who did not undergo MA-stimulation: the average time of one sample determination decreased only by 14.7% (p˂0.05), and the index of correctness of the samples determination increased only by 24.5 (p˂0.05).
According to the results of the research, MA-stimulation is advisable to be included into the prosthodontic treatment of the patients with completely absent dentition as a means of increasing the adaptive capacity of the oral organs
Home Based Management of Uncomplicated P. falciparum Malaria in Children Below Five Years in Delta State
Get PDFBackground: The world health organization (WHO) estimates that every 45 seconds an African child dies of malaria while several others lay ill. Also, studies have shown that home-based management of malaria could improve prompt access to antimalarial medications for African children.
Objective: This study aimed at assessing the home based management practices among care givers of children below five years in Delta State.
Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey used to assess the home based management practices of malaria in children under age five. 459 consenting Caregivers of children under five (6 to 59 months) were purposively selected from different churches during Sundays and Wednesdays midweek services through balloting from two communities in Central and North Senatorial Districts of Delta State (Oghara and Obiaruku). Prior to the commencement of the study, the caregivers were thoroughly counselled on the objectives of the study, and a pretested structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used for administration in English, Urhobo and Ukwuani languages.
Results: The study revealed that 86.93% respondents have good knowledge of malaria, and 60% commenced treatment within 24hrs. It also showed that 58.4% preferred anti-malarial combination therapies with arthemether-lumefantrine combination accounting for 34.0% drug options. Drug sources for home based malaria management were mainly from Pharmacy 40.5%, Drug sellers such as chemist 55.1% while information sources on choice of therapy and dosage were mainly from chemist 32.7%; health personnel 25.7%; neighbours 7.5% and self-based on previous experience 36.6%.
Conclusion: The study revealed very good knowledge of malaria and good management practices as well as good treatment seeking behaviours amongst the caregivers
Influence of Adenosine-5-Triphosphogluconate-Magnesium Trisodium Salt and Levocarnitine on Clinical Course, Structural and Functional Changes and Myocardial Fibrosis in Patients with Myocardial Infarction
Get PDFModern strategies of STEMI/NSTEMI management, that include revascularization by coronary stenting, bypass grafting, nowadays are used in 30-40% of urgent patients of such category. The prevalent part of patients is treated by administration of the optimal drug therapy.
The objective of the research was to study the influence of adenosine-5-triphosphogluconate-magnesium trisodium salt and levocarnitine on the clinical course of STEMI/NSTEMI.
Materials and methods. 100 patients with STEMI/NSTEMI were included into the research. Depending on the therapy scheme, patients were divided into three groups and the control one. Determination of the key parameters was performed initially after hospitalization and at the day of patient discharge.
Results. Promising results were shown while slowing the myocardial fibrosing. Limiting of the infarcted and `stunned` myocardium area resulted in ejection fraction increase, increase of the myocardial reserve, measured by echocardiographic indexes.
Conclusions. Decreasing of myocardial fibrosing can be potentiated by the pharmacological postconditioning as well as limiting of the necrotic myocardium area and increase of viable myocardium area. Pharmacological postconditioning is effective and save, that can be proved by the absence of any serious complications
Metabolic Cage for Urine Collection from Small Animals with High Level of Performance and Low Cost
Get PDFThe results of designing the original metabolic cage for urine collection from small laboratory animals consisting of a case, a cylindrical animal chamber with the floor, a funnel, a urine collection vessel and two graded drinking bottles that can be placed at a different height depending on animal age are presented. The case was made of laminated particle board; a cylindrical animal chamber was made of polyethylene terephthalate; a circular floor of the animal chamber was made of stainless steel wire cloth mesh. As a funnel for urine collection, a ribbed glass funnel SIMAX (Czech Republic) was used. To prevent rat feces from entering the urine collection vessel, there were installed two stainless steel wire mesh filter discs, namely a larger disc located on the internal ribbed surface of the funnel and a smaller disc located close to the hole of the funnel tube. To support the urine collection vessel, a metal vessel stand with a deepening was made. Between the vessel and the funnel, there was placed a fine stainless steel metal cylinder preventing urine evaporation.
In addition to low cost, the proposed design of the metabolic cage provides high levels of performance as confirmed by its high ability to allow urine to flow freely, as well as to collect urine, significantly smaller volume of urine evaporated, improved housing conditions for animals and allows us to collect the amount of urine more fully reflecting animal diuresis