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HUBUNGAN JUMLAH OBAT YANG DIRESEPKAN DENGAN POTENSIAL PENGGUNAAN OBAT YANG TIDAK TEPAT PADA PASIEN PENYAKIT GINJAL KRONIS DI RS PKU MUHAMMADIYAH YOGYAKARTA
Get PDFAge-related decrease of physiological function caused some healt problem in elderly, so the problem of treatment in the elderly is also not uncommon found as polypharmacy and Potentially Inappropriate medication (PIMs). The purpose of this study to determine the relationship of the number of drug prescribed with PIMs in elderly patients with CKD in PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital. PIMs identification by STOPP criteria, while the number of drugs prescribed seen by drugs control books. To assess the patient's medical history by interviews and search records. Patient characteristics were analyzed descriptively, correlations between variables were analyzed with chi square test. From 53 samples, PIMs identified 17% and average one sample got one PIMs, while of the 410 drugs that prescribed average patient receiving 8 drugs (> 6). Bivariate test results showed that no significant relationship between the number of drug prescribed with PIMs
PENGARUH WAKTU HIDROTERMAL DAN TMAOH DALAM SINTESIS LANGSUNG MCM-41
Get PDFThe MCM-41processing synthesis with variation time hydrothermal and TMAOH at directsynthesis process has been done. The synthesis of MCM–41 was used templating agents withcetiltrimetilammonium bromide (CTAB). The optimization of synthesis of MCM-41 was carried outto produce good material characteristics. Hydrothermal time variation performed in the synthesis ofMCM-41 for 18 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours and 88 hours has been done. So the study of effect TMAOHwas used CTAB/ TMAOH ratio: 1 and 1.25. The results showed that the 24- hour time hydrothermalwas able to produce the good crystallinity with 100% relative crystallinity. However, the best stabilityof MCM-41 materials synthesized in hydrothermal time during the 48 hours. So the effect ofTMAOH additions in the synthesis MCM-41 can bedecreased crystallinity of MCM-41
EFEK ANTI INFLAMASI KITOSAN DARI CANGKANG UDANG PANTAI TRISIK PADA TIKUS MODEL RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Get PDFThis research was conducted to investigate the effect of chitosan as anti-inflammatory in rheumatoid arthritic in reduction of paw edema using plethysmometer. Chitosan was isolated from the shrimp shell on the Trisik Coastal were administered orally on 17-32th day with CMC 0,5%. This research using repeated measure design. To evaluate anti-inflammatory effect of the suspension, an arthritic rats model was developed using Complete Freund`s Adjuvant (CFA) on 1-16th day. In addition, the research was divided into 5 groups (n=6) including normal control groups, positive control groups, negative control groups, 1 group were treated by chitosan suspension at 50 mg/200 gram BW doses and the other group were treated by chitosan suspension at 100 mg/200 gram BW doses. The reduction of paw edema were determined every 3 day after 17th days then analyzed using general linear repeated measure test (p<0,05). The results showed that paw edema of arthritic rats were evidently decreased by chitosan suspension at 100 mg/200 gram BW doses (142,66%) better than chitosan suspension at 50 mg/200 gram BW doses (117,23%). In conclusion, the chitosan from shrimp shell of Trisik coastal is found to be effective as anti-inflammatory in rheumatoid arthritic rats model
AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK RIMPANG TEMULAWAK (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) PADA RADIAL ARM MAZE DAN PASIVE AVOIDANCE TEST TIKUS MODEL DEMENSIA
Get PDFCurcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. is a plant containing curcumin. Curcumin has been shown toreduce oxidative damage and memory deficits associated with aging. The aim of the researchwas to know the effect of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. rhizome ethanol extract to memoryfunction on Wistar rats induced by trimethyltin. The research design was post test onlycontrolled group with 42 rats divided into 6 groups, Each group consist of 7 rats. Group I(healthy controls) were given a solution of 0.5% CMC-Na orally. Group II (negative control)were given a solution of 0.5% CMC-Na orally. Group III, IV, and V were given Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. extract each 120 mg/kgBW, 240 mg/kgBW, and 480 mg/kgBW orally.Group VI (positive control) were given piracetam 500 mg/kgBW intraperitoneally. All groupswere given trimethyltin intraperitoneally except group I. Data indicating memory function wereobtained from radial maze test and passive avoidance test. Radial maze test data were analyzedby ANOVA followed by LSD test, while the passive avoidance test data were analyzed with theKruskal Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney test. In conclusion, ethanol extract oftemulawak rhizome (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) at doses of 120 mg/kgBW, 240 mg/kgBWand 480 mg/kgBW can prevent memory function decline on Wistar rats induced bytrimethyltin
PERBANDINGAN AKTIVITAS REPELAN ANTARA KRIM MINYAK ATSIRI JAHE (Zingiber offinale, Roxb) DENGAN KRIM MINYAK ATSIRI SERE (Cymbopogon citratus (D.C) Stapf) TERHADAP NYAMUK Aedes aegypti BETINA
Get PDFThe one efforts to prevent dengue fever is to prevent mosquito bites by using mosquitorepellent preparations. The nature of the toxicity of synthetic repellent be the reason for theresearch came from the plant. Sere and ginger into one of mosquito repellent plant because it contains of natural essential oils are many. The aim of this study was to determine the comparativeability repelan effects of essential oils cream sere (Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf) and ginger(Zingiber officinale Roxb). The essential oil of sere (Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf and ginger(Zingiber officinale Roxb), obtained by isolation of leaves and rhizome by steam distillation ofwater which is then tested physical properties including test of adhesion, test of spreadability andtest of mosquito repellent activities. The test of mosquito repellent activities using 20 birds Aedesaegypti mosquito female per cage with the using hand of women as volunteers as much as 4people. In this study were divided into sixth formulas of test. The sixth of cream formula withvariations in the concentration of essential oils sere and ginger wherein the formula I, II and IIIcontain essential oils sere as much as 20% v/w; 30% v/ w and 40% v/w, whereas for formula IV; V;and VI contain the essential oil of ginger as much as 6.25% v/w; 12.5% v/w and 25% v/w. Data ofphysical properties test were analyzed statistically using SPSS. The results showed the cream withthe concentration of essential oils sere 40% v/w (FIII) have better outcomes than others formulascream, where than of adhesion test is 0.46 ± 0.04 seconds; of the spreadibility test is 56.32 ± 14.78cm2 and repellent effect of 3014.2 ± 20.16 seconds
PENGEMBANGAN SENYAWA TURUNAN BENZALASETON SEBAGAI SENYAWA TABIR SURYA
Get PDFThe goal of this research was to synthesize benzalaceton derivative i.e. 4-dimethyl-aminodibenzalacetonto increase the potency as sunscreen agent. The synthesis was carried out through aldolcondensation reaction with 4- dimetilamino-benzaldehida as a starting material and NaOH as catalystat various reaction times i.e. 3 , 4 and 6 hours. The characterizations of the product was observed bymelting point, FTIR and 1H NMR spectrometers. The product was obtained as a yellowish orangesolid with a melting point between 62-640C. The activity assay as sunscreen agent showed that the 4 –dimethylamino-dibenzalaseton have a maximum wavelength at 340 nm, so its can be active as asunscreen in the UV - A rays. The SPF value at 15 ppm was 17.409 with ultra protection type
STUDI KELARUTAN PROPAGERMANIUM DENGAN METODE KROMATOGRAFI CAIR KINERJA TINGGI
Get PDFPropagermanium, a synthetic organic compound of germanium is known as β- or biscarboxyethylgermaniumsesquioxide or Ge-132. It is found in some plants such as shelf fungus,ginseng, garlic, and Aloe vera. Ge-132 plays an important role for the pharmacological effectsof the plants. The solubility of propagermanium at a certain pH is not exactly known yet. Untilnow, the analytical methods for the analysis of Ge-132 so far have the shortcoming and thepropagermanium as germanium metal in the sample, so that improvement for propagermaniumanalysis was necessary to be conducted, primarily to be used for solubility assay. This studyaims to determine the effects of pH on the propagermanium solubility using HPLC method foranalysis. The results showed that validation parameters for analysis by using HPLC method e.iaccuracy, precision, and linearity, have met to the quantitative analysis requirements. Increasingthe pH causes increasing the solubility of propagermanium in the pH range of 3.0-3.6. Thesolubility result was 9.8514; 10.4204; 12.5446 mg/mL on pH 3.0; 3.3; 3.6
EFEK HEPATOPROTEKTIF SERBUK AKAR PASAK BUMI (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) DILIHAT DARI AKTIVITAS SGPTSGOT TIKUS JANTAN YANG DIINDUKSI CCl4
Get PDFThis study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of the powder Eurycomalongifolia Jack. From the activity level of SGPT-SGOT on CCl4-induced in male rats. Twentyfive male rats (150-250 g) divide in to 5 groups. Group I treated with aquadest was kept asnormal, group II treated with a single dose of CCl4 (1 ml/ kg BW i.p), group III and IV weretreated with Eurycoma longifolia Jack. (100 mg/kg BW and 200 mg/kg BW p.o) respectivelyand CCl4 (1 ml/kg BW i.p), group V treated with a single dose of curcumin (100 mg/kg BWp.o) and CCl4 (1 ml/kg BW i.p). Blood was collected from vena porta for determination ofSGPT-SGOT. The study showed the activity level of SGPT from the rats was treated byEurycoma longifolia Jack. 100 mg/kg BW and 200 mg/kg BW, Curcumin, and control groupsare 150.0±5.099 U/L; 113.6±5.508 U/L; 60.5±2.887 U/L; and 129.0±6.055 U/L respectively. Mean while the activity level of SGOT from the rats was treated by Eurycoma longifolia Jack.100 mg/ kg BW and 200 mg/ kg BW, Curcumin, and control groups are 369.4±11.165;263.0±1.803; 194.5±7.448; and 451.5±16.759 U/L respectively. The Eurycoma longifoliaJack. powder and Curcumin significantly (p < 0.05) declines two enzymes (SGPT and SGOT)than control group. The results concluded that Eurycoma longifolia Jack. powder hashepatoprotective effect
VALIDASI METODE ANALISA PENETAPAN KADAR EPIGALOKATEKIN GALAT DENGAN KROMATOGRAFI CAIR KINERJA TINGGI
Get PDFHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was one of analytical methods commonlyto determine the concentration of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on green tea extract. The methodmust be validated in order to fit to its purpose. The aim of this research was to prove that the usedmethod has selectifity, liniearity, precise, accurate and know limit of detection (LOD) and limit ofquantification (LOQ) is acceptable. The selectifity of analytical method was determined bycalculating the resolution value between two peak. Data from 10 ug/ml and 100 ug/ml with 5replicates would give precition and accuration. Precition was known from CV value and accurationwas known from recovery value in each concentration. Liniearity was known from regression linearbetween concentration and wide area of peak. From regresion linear could calculate LOD and LOQ.Research show that method of analyse have selectificity with Rs= 2,27>1,5; liniearity with r= 0,99;precision with CV 8,74% at concentration 200 µg/ml and 3,74% at concentration 500 µg/ml;accuration with recovery 99,76% at concentration 200 µg/ml and 100,52% at concentration 500 µg/mland the value of LOD is 33,28 ug/ml and LOQ is 110,93 ug/ml
PENGEMBANGAN FORMULASI MASKER EKSTRAK AIR DAUN ALPUKAT (Persea americana Mill) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus UNTUK PENGOBATAN JERAWAT
Get PDFSkin problems are often on the spotlight, one of them is acne. Inflammation of acne can betriggered by the bacteria Propionibacterium acne, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcusaureus. One of the herbs that can be used for acne treatment is the leaves of avocado (Perseaamericana). This study aims to determine the potential antibacterial activity of avocado leafwater extract on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria that causes acne and mask-makingformulation preparation. Antibacterial activity test was carried out by the diffusion method and theobserved inhibition zone that occured in a series of concentrations of avocado leaf water extract (15%, 17.5% , 35% , 50% , 75%). Antibacterial activity test was also conducted on some avocado leafwater extract mask formula (17.5% , 35% , 50% , 75%) was evaluated the physical properties of themask and irritation test was done. The results showed that the avocado leaf water extract mask formulahad antibacterial activity greater than the extract form. The physical condition evaluation and irritationtest showed that the best mask formulation was concentration of 35%