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ISOLASI DAN PENENTUAN KADAR FLAVONOID EKSTRAK ETANOLIK HERBA SAMBILOTO (Andrographis paniculata (BURM.F.) NESS)
Get PDF(Andrographis paniculata ( Burm.f. ) Ness ) is containing andrografolid, neoandrografolid,and flavonoids known as apigenin-7,4’-di-O-methyl ether, 5-hydroxy7,8,2’,3’tetrametoxyflavon,dihydroxy-dimetoxyflavon. Flavonoids as antioxidants, have potential as an anti-bacterial activity,anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and anti-thrombosis. The chemical structure of the drug may explainthe nature of the drug and linkage units and structures of drug molecules with biological activity.Compounds with the same functional groups can provide the same biological response due to work onthe same receptors. This present study is determine the total flavonoid content of the ethanol extract ofA. paniculata use Chang method, identification using spectrophotometric method. The measurementresults showed that total flavonoid content of the ethanol extract of A. paniculata amounted to 46.322g/kg
EVALUASI UJI IRITASI DAN UJI SIFAT FISIK SEDIAAN EMULGEL MINYAK ATSIRI BUNGA CENGKEH (Syzigium aromaticum)
Get PDFInflammation is the human body's response to a tissue damage as indicated by an increase of vascular permeability. One of the natural substances that can be used to treat inflammation is clove oil (MABC). This study aimed to evaluate the physical properties and MABC emulgel irritation test (Syzygium aromaticum). This experimental study was initiated by the emulgel formulation with three kinds of formula, with each formula contains MABC levels of 10% (F1), 12.5% (F2), and 15% (F3). The physical tests for emulgel was done including pH, spreading test and adhesive test and irritation test in guinea pigs using Draize test method. Statistical analysis by t test with a level of confidence 95% was conducted to detect a significant differences between the treatment groups. The emulgel formula with a concentration of 10%, 12.5% and 15% were physically stable, moreover the dispersive power test for each formula showed normal distribution data (p>0.05) and homogeneous (p>0.05), ANOVA test results obtained significantly different results in each formula (p<0.05), whereas the stickiness test results for each formula more than 30 minutes with pH 6. The results of irritation test by using Draize test  method, indicated that each formula did not show any irritant effect
PENINGKATAN SISTEM IMUN OLEH KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN AWAR – AWAR (Ficus septica burm. F) DAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera) SEBAGAI KO-KEMOTERAPI KANKER PADA TIKUS PUTIH BETINA GALUR SPRAGUE DAWLEY YANG DIINDUKSI DOKSORUBISIN
No full textUse of the drug doxorubicin for cancer therapy causes decreasing of immune system reported. Leaves of Ficus septica Burm. F and leaves of Moringa oleifera as immunostimulatory agents. The purpose of this study, among others, determine the combined effects of ethanol extract of Ficus septica Burm. F leaves and ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera leaves as co-chemotherapy for in female rats Sprague Dawley strain induced doxorubicin. Eighteen Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six treatment groups, normal group was given 0.9% NaCl 10ml / kgBB, positive control group were given by doxorubicin with dose of 4.67 mg / kgBB, single-dose treatment group were each given ethanol extract of Ficus septica Burm F leaves dose of 750 mg / kgBB and ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera leaves 500 mg / kgBB, treatment groups were given by combination of ethanol extract Ficus septica Burm. F leaves and Moringa oleifera leaves with a dose of 1.25 g / kgBB and a dose of 1 , 75 g / kgBB. treatment carried out for 7 days. On days 1 and 4 of each treatment groups except the normal group induced by doxorubicin 4.67 mg / kgBB intramuscularly. Blood sampling performed on day 0 and 7 th for lymphocytes CD3+ and lymphocytes CD8+ test. The results showed that the combination of ethanol extract Ficus septica burm. F leaves and Moringa oleifera leaves dose of 1.25 g / kgBB and the dose of 1.75 g / kgBB can enhanched immune system relative small which was not statistically significantly different (p> 0.05). However, a single dose of ethanol extract Moringa oleifera leaves dose of 500 mg/kg have immunostimulatory activity as lymphocytes CD3+ and lymphocytes CD8+ were more effective than a single dose of ethanol extract of Ficus septica Burm. F leaves dose of 750 mg/kgBB
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN KELENGKENG (Euphoria longan (L) Steud.) DENGAN METODE PENANGKAPAN RADIKAL 2,2’-DIFENIL-1-PIKRILHIDRAZIL
Get PDFThe degenerative diseases is caused by endogenous antioxidant cannot neutraliced from increased concentration of free radicals, therefore it is necessary to consume antioxidant from the outside ofbody for neutralizing and destroying free radicals. The aim of this research is to evaluate the antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of longan leaves. The experiment of antioxidant activity from extract longan leaves uses the scavenging assay using 2,2’-diphenyl-1-pycrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and quersetin as positive control. The analytical result is processed using linear regression methode in order to get ES50 value. The results of research showed that theincreasing concentration of methanolic extract, and quercetin causes the higher percentage of DPPH radical scavenging. The ES50 values of methanolic extract and quercetin obtained are 40.32 µg/ml and 2.48 µg/ml respectively
STABILITAS FISIKA DAN KIMIA REKRISTAL DAN DISPERSI PADAT PIROKSIKAM-PEG 6000
Get PDFIt is hoped that solid dispersion and recrystalization can solve the problem of low solubility of piroxicam. Metastable polymorph or amorph state can be formed in solid dispersion and recrystalization preparation, leading to a better dissolution. During storage, the metastable polymorph or amorph will be changed to stable crystal, so that the dissolution will be decreased (physical instability), beside that the increasing of solubility also trigger the higher rate of decomposition (chemical instability). This research was purposed to reveal these two instability. The research was began by preparing recrystal of piroxicam (R) and solid dispersion piroxicam-PEG 6000 (DP) by solvent method using aseton. These preparate were stored in room temperature (25oC). The dissolution was tested after 1, 2, 3, and 4 month of storage, using dissolution efficiency for 60 minutes (DE60) as parameter, and also the drug content in bulk preparate was determined. The result showed that recrystalization and solid dispersion preparation did not decrease the piroxicam content. During storage, the DE60 and piroxicam content in R and DP were not changed (p>0.05). It could be concluded that R and DP prepared had a stable dissolution and purity
EFEK EKSTRAK ETANOL GANGGANG HIJAU (Ulva Lactuca L) TERHADAP BERAT BADAN DAN KADAR TRIGLISERIDA TIKUS JANTAN YANG DIBERI DIET LEMAK TINGGI
Get PDFPrevious studies showed the potential of melatonin of green algae ( Ulva lactuca L ) to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease with the activity of antihiperlipidemia. Obesity and hiperlipidemia were the risk factor of degenerative diseases such as heart disease. This research aims was explore the effect of ethanol extract of green algae against weight, consumption of rat feed test white male rat were given high fat diet . Research was started with extraction green algae with ethanol 96 % to obtained concentrated extract. The extract was tested to wistar rats age of 2 months. Animals test divided into 6 group. Group I was control group, treated with high fat diet of lard 2 ml / 200g BW, of group II given high fat diet and simvastatin, group III, IV and V given high fat diet and green algae extract doses 50 mg/ Kg BW, 100 mg/Kg BW and 200 mg/ Kg BW. Group VI is the control group without diet fat high. Treatment was conducted over 28 days. Measuring normal of his weight every five day for 28 days and in measuring consumption feed with measure weight feed the rest of feed early 20 g. The difference of data weight rats per 5 days and consumption fodder for 28 days counted area under curve ( AUC ) from curves time versus weight. The measurement of triglycerides levels. The result showed the high fat diet with lard 2 ml / 200g BW for 28 days reduce weight and consumption feed mice in a significantly than control without high fat diet. The treatment with extract ethanol dose of 50 , 100 and 200 mg / Kg BW did not reduce weight, feed consumption, triglyceride levelsof mice were given high fat diet
PENGARUH PEMAKAIAN KOMBINASI MINYAK JINTEN HITAM (Nigella sativa) dan MADU (Apis mellifera) SEBAGAI ANTI-ACNE SECARA TOPIKAL PADA SUKARELAWAN WANITA
Get PDFAcne mostly affects teenagers with prevalence of 85%. Changing habits of cosmetics may affect the incidence of acne vulgaris. Healing acne can use herbal ingredients such as black cumin oil and honey. Black cumin oil effective for treating mild acne vulgaris and moderate acne vulgaris. Honey has property that can kill the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes.  The purpose of this study is to determine the anti-acne activity in use of black cumin oil and honey combination in 1:1 ratio for 14 days in women. This study included experimental study with pre-post treatment study design. There are 2 groups, control group (six women volunteer) and treatment group (six women volunteer). For 14 days, control group use chemical drugs anti-acne, while treatment group use black cumin oil and honey combination in 1:1 ratio. Analysis of data used independent sample t-test with confidence interval 95%. The results show that treatment group of women who use black cumin oil and honey combination in 1:1 ratio for 14 days compared with the control group of women there is no difference in reducing the number of parameters black blackheads, white blackheads, papules, pustules, hyperpigmentation, erythema, pruritis, xerosis, desquamation, and sunburn with a value of p> 0.05. The conclusion of this study is the use black cumin oil and honey combination in 1:1 ratio for 14 days has effect as  anti-acne in women, but statistically not significant.Â
FORMULASI GEL EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT BUAH MANGGIS (Garcinia mangostana L.) DENGAN VARIASI GELLING AGENT SEBAGAI SEDIAAN LUKA BAKAR
Get PDFPericarp of mangosteen is waste that has been shown have efficacy as an anti-inflammatory and accelerate the proliferation of fibroblasts. Therefore  it need to be formulated in the form of gel to make easy in the use of preparation. It is needed an appropriate gelling agent to produce the good character of gel. This research aimed to know the type of the gelling agent who has the physical properties gel and the activity of the best treat burns. There are three gel formula designed with various  type of the gelling agent i.e. FI (the gelling agent carbopol); FII (the gelling agent CMC na); FIII (the gelling agent tragacanth). The obtained gels were tested organoleptic, of homogeneity, pH, spreadibility, adhesivity, consistency and the effect of healing burns in nine groups. The collected data were analyzed statistically using SPSS version 16 with kolmogorov-smirnov and continued one way ANOVA or  Kruskal-Wallis, with level of trust 95 %. The results show that all formula mixed homogeneous gel. Formula I have a pH 3,5 while formula II and III having a ph 5 (p < 0,05). The greater spreadibility given by formula III (p < 0,05) and the longest time of adhesivity given by formula II (p < 0,05). The best activity of wound healing given by formula I (p > 0,05). Based on the result show that type of gelling agent can influence the physical properties and activity in the treating burns. Type of gelling agent that show the best physical properties is CMC Na
KUALITAS PELAYANAN FARMASI BERDASARKAN WAKTU PENYELESAIAN RESEP DI RUMAH SAKIT
Get PDFBased on Standard of Pharmaceutical Quality in Hospitals, there are methods are applied to distribute pharmaceuticals. One outpatient care efforts is to obtain medication prescribed by a doctor in a short time. The quality of outpatient pharmacy services as measured by the time of complete prescription at the pharmacy installation hospitals are based on reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy and tangibles. The study use cross-sectional’s method, which is done by January-February in 2015, to analyze pharmacy quality standard and time of complete prescription. The data used in this study are primary data. This study was used sample of 157 respondents for quetioners and 787 outpatients prescriptions. The results showed that the highest satisfaction turn around time is 13 minutes. For the five variables tested showed that the responsiveness had the highest scores of 3.18 and tangibles has the lowest score of 2,53. Conclusion, time of complete prescription less than 13 minutes and supported by quetioners shows the highest variables of responsiveness at 3,29 are agreed that time to wait is not too long
SINTESIS 4–HIDROKSI–3–KLOROBENZALDEHID DARI p–HIDROKSIBENZALDEHID DAN GAS Cl2
No full textCurcumin is a compound which potential to be developed. The curcumin analogues havebeen synthesized. The compound 3–chloro–4–hydroxybenzaldehyde was used as starting material inthe synthesis of curcumin analogues with Cl substituent on the aromatic ring. The compound of3–chloro–4–hydroxybenzaldehyde were synthesized by chlorination reaction betweenp–hydroxybenzaldehyde and Cl2 gas. The purity of 3–chloro–4–hydroxybenzaldehyde wasdetermined base on the melting range, thin layer chromatography and LC–MS. The structureidentification of the compound was observed done by spectrometry techniques, including massspectra (ESI–MS), infrared spectra (cm-1, KBr), Nuclear Magnetic resonance proton spectra (δ, ppm,DMSO-d6, 1H–NMR, 500 MHz) and UV–Vis spectra. Chlorination reaction ofp–hydroxybenzaldehyde produced yellow crystal of 3–chloro–4–hydroxybenzaldehyde, its meltingrange is 128.1 to 130.8ºC. The average yield obtained of this reseach is 51.37%