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Penetapan kadar gentamisin dalam sediaan krim dengan kromatografi lapis tipis - densitometri
Get PDFThe used of Gentamicin is still regarded for overcoming infectious diseases. Several preparations of the gentamicin are available in the market as injection, eye or ear drops, and topical dosage forms. Based on the standard method, determination of the gentamicin is carried out by microbiological assay. Several instrumental method have been reported. In this research, Thin Layer Chromatography-Densitometry (TLC-Densitometry) has been validated and used for determining gentamicin in cream dosage form. The TLC was carried out on a Silica gel GF254 using KH2PO4 20% and ninhidrin 2% solution (in ethanol 96%) as eluent and spots visualization respectively. Three spots appeared on the chromatogram having Rf value 0.51, 0.47, and 0.36. All the spots gave maximum absorption at 400 nm. The spot with Rf value of 0.51 was the highest intensity. Limit of Detection (LoD) and Limit of quantitation (LoQ) of the major component was 0.019 and 0.064 respectively. The other validation characteristics met the requirement for determination of gentamicin in the cream dosage form
EFEKTIFITAS PEMBERIAN PROBIOTIK TERHADAP DURASI DIARE ANAK DI RUMAH SAKIT PKU MUHAMMADIYAH BANTUL YOGYAKARTA
Get PDFDiarrhea is the second leading cause of children’s death worldwide, including in Indonesia.With regard to reducing the number of death, it is highly needed to provide a quick and accurate treatment. In clinical practice, prebiotics has been widely used as a treatment, particularly in the case of acute diarrhea in children. However, it is still not recommended by WHO. This study is aimed to determine the treatment pattern of diarrhea in children’s ward at PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul Hospital and determine whether probiotic supplementation on standard therapy results a decrease in the duration of diarrhea which is better than only the standard therapy in the management of acute diarrhea in children. This study used retrospective cohort design using data from medical records with diagnose acute diarrhea or acute gastroenteritis (ICD A09). The data was collected from January to December 2014, at children’2 ward, PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul Hospital, Yogyakarta. Data was divided into three groups: (i) Group I those who were treated by using standard therapeutic with rehydration and zinc, (ii). Group II those who were treated by combination of rehydration, zinc and probiotics, (iii) Group III those who were treated with rehydration and probiotics. Data duration of diarrhea as an outcome of the effectiveness of probiotics analyzed statistically to determine differences in outcomes between groups. Among the three groups, Group I, Group II and group III gained an average duration of diarrhea 66.33 (SD 21.66) hours, 55.32 (SD 19.07) hours and 54.79 (SD 17.69) hours, respectively. The statistical test shows that there is significant different from diarrhea duration among the three groups (p = 0.014). The test results between probiotic groups (II and III) and the control group is significantly different with p-value 0.018 and 0.011, respectively. While the group II and group III do not differ significantly (p = 0.898). Treatment pattern therapy of diarrhea in PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul Hospital divided into three kinds of therapy. The first is rehydration therapy and zinc supplementation, the second is rehydration therapy and zinc supplementation and probiotics, the third is rehydration therapy and probiotics. Probiotic supplementation is proven effective in reducing the duration of diarrhea significantly compared to patients who were received standard therapy
AKTIVITAS ANTIFUNGI EKSTRAK DAUN BELUNTAS, JAWER KOTOK, DAN SIRIH SERTA KOMBINASINYA TERHADAP Candida albicans
Get PDFPiper betle, Coleus scutellarioides and Pluchea indica have been used empirically to overcome vaginal discharge and scientifically proven to inhibit the growth of Candida albicans. The goal of this research was to search for a combined extract with effective antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans. Single extract,combination of two and three extracts evaluated antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans using agar diffusion method. Inhibitory effect of Piper betle showed the greatest activity against Candida albicans compared to other single extract. Combination of Piper betle and Pluchea indica (26.57±0.56 mm) gave greater inhibition than two other combination extracts (Piper betle and Coleus scutellarioides (25.17±0.96 mm); Coleus scutellarioides and Pluchea indica (22.73±0.95 mm).The combination of Piper betle, Pluchea indica and Coleus scutellarioides gave inhibition of 27.53±1.10 mm. extracts did not give a better diameter compared to the betle extract
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DENGAN KEPATUHAN BEROBAT DI KLINIK PROGRAM TERAPI RUMATAN METADON DI PUSKESMAS PARAKAN KABUPATEN TEMANGGUNG
Get PDFPsycho active substance abuse is a common problem throughout the world, and it is associated with the increase of mortality and morbidity. One of substitution therapy program is methadone maintenance therapy program. The main problem is most of patients stop following the maintenance program before they feel the therapeutic effects of it. Compliance in taking daily medication is the focus in achieving the health status of patients. The research objective is to determine the relationship between the knowledge level with methadone maintenance therapy program in the public health center of Parakan, District of Temanggung. The research method was cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all patients of methadone maintenance therapy program in the public health centers of Parakan, District of Temanggung. Samples on this research were 31 patients and they are all active on methadone maintenance therapy program in the public health center of Parakan, District of Temanggung. Data analysis was performed using Chi Square (x2) formula correlation test. The results show there is a relationship between knowledge level with methadone maintenance therapy program in the public health center of Parakan, District of Temanggung with p value 0.001, with 13 respondents (42%) are in a good level of knowledge category and methadone treatment in obidiance catagory is 11 respondents (35.5%). It is concluded that there is a relationship between methadone maintenance therapy program in the public health center of Parakan, District of Temanggung
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KOMBINASI FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT AKAR PASAK BUMI DAN DOXORUBICIN TERHADAP BERAT BADAN DAN JUMLAN NODUL TIKUS SPRAGUE DAWLEY BETINA YANG DIINDUKSI 7,12 DIMETILBENZ(α) ANTRASEN (DMBA)
No full textPasak Bumi roots contain quasinoid compounds that have carcinogenesis inhibitory, imunomudulator, antiulcer, and antimalaria effects. This study aims to determine the effect of a combination of ethyl acetate fraction of Pasak Bumi roots and doxorubicin on DMBA-induced white mice by weight and palpation observation. The mice were divided into 8 groups. Each group consisted of 7 female Sprague Dawley mice. Group 1 (normal) was only given food and drink, Group 2 was given fraction of ethyl acetate of Pasak Bumi roots (100 mg/kg body weight, Group 3 (positive control) was given doxorubicin (1.17 mg/kg body weight) 1 times a week for 5 weeks, Group 4 was given DMBA (20 mg/kg) two times a week for 5 weeks, Groups 5 was given DMBA (20 mg/kg) + doxorubicin (1.17 mg/kg), Group 6 was given DMBA (20 mg / kg) + ethyl acetate fractions of Pasak Bumi roots (100 mg / kg), Group 7 was given DMBA (20 mg / kg) + doxorubicin (1.17 mg / kg) + ethyl acetate fraction of Pasak Bumi roots (100 mg / kg) and Group 8 doxorubicin ( 1.17 mg / kg body weight) + ethyl acetate fraction of Pasak Bumi roots (100 mg / kg). Observations were made on the basis of body weight of mice and tumor incidence by palpation at week 6 of treatment. The result of this research shows that the administration of ethyl acetate fraction of Pasak Bumi roots and doxorubicin combination can increase body weight of the mice and decrease the number of tumors compared to single doxorubicin
Tablet kunyah ekstrak etanol herba pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.), Urban) menurunkan kadar kreatinin tikus putih jantan (Rattus norvegicus L.) galur wistar yang diberi diet lemak tinggi
Get PDFA chewable tablet dosage ethanol extract of herb gotu kola (TKEEHP) has developed. Research to determine the impact of TKEEHP on kidney function has been conducted. Gotu kola herb is one of the medicinal plants that allegedly serves as antioxidative nefroprotektor. The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of TKEEHP on the changes in serum levels of creatinine and urea of male Wistar rats that had been given a high-fat diet. The experimental research was conducted on 21 Wistar rats aged 2-3 months (150-200 g body weight). Rats were divided into seven groups. Group I (normal) was given normal diet. Group II, III, IV, V, VI, and VII were given a high fat diet for 5 weeks. In the week 5 and 6 group III (positive control) was given Simvastatin®, group IV was given placebo tablets, and the group V, VI and VII were given 100, 200 and 300 mg / KgBW TKEEHP, respectively. At the end of week 6 rats have blood drawn through orbital sinus and then tested serum levels of creatinine and urea.Data examination of urea and creatinine serum levels were analyzed with ANOVA) and LSD with confience interval of 95%. The results showed TKEEHP reduce the levels of creatinine in male Wistar rats given a high fat diet, but did not affect serum urea levels. TKEEHP with the dose of 100 mg / KgBW, 200 mg / KgBW, and 300 mg / KgBW show potency to lower creatinine levels and decrease serum creatinine levels at the highest dose of 300 mg / KgBW
Penggunaan antibiotik di dua apotek di Surabaya: identifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan pasien
Get PDFAttention to factors that affects proper use of antibiotics need to be conducted to prevent community resistance. This study was aimed to identify factors that affect patients’ compliance of antibiotic use in two pharmacies in Surabaya, Bhumyamca (A) and Tiara 2 (B). Subject of this study was people who purchased antibiotics in the two pharmacies. Data were collected through questionnaires, analyzed using descriptive statistic, and underwent Hosmer and Lemeshow’s multiple regression tests. Factors such as: age, gender, income, duration and pattern of antibiotics use, antibiotics information, complaint and action after antibiotics side effect were observed. There were 94 respondents mainly 26 - 31 of age met the inclusion criteria. Female respondents in A were 74% and 68% in B. Respondents income was 2 to 3 million rupiah, in A (83%) and B (54%). Respondents use antibiotics mainly for 3 to 5 days, in A (47%) and B (50%). Most respondents use antibiotics after meals in A (92%) and B (88%). Antibiotics information was obtained mainly from healthcare providers in A (92%) and B (85%). Respondents had no complaints after antibiotics use in A (87%) and B (73%). Respondents (44%) stop antibiotics when complaints were occurred both in A and B, whereas 56% visited clinician. Respondents in A (86%) and B (89%) were consumed antibiotics in accordance to usage instruction. Conclusively, no factor was associated to patients’ compliance, except pattern of administration in B (0.011)
STABILITAS KONSENTRASI GLUKOSA DARAH SIMPAN JANGKA PENDEK DALAM TABUNG BERTEKNOLOGI PEMISAH JELl
No full textSerum glucose level is screening for diabetic patients. Preanalitical factors such as sample preparation and handling will influence the quality of final result of determination. Gel sparation technology used for faster sparation between plasma or serum and blood cells. This technology was applied in clinical laboratory technology in stead of public health laboratory. Requested test of glucose level determination is higher then other analytes. Direct contact of blood cells to serum will reduce availability of glucose in serum due to glycolysis process as well as without additional enzyme inhibitors such as fluoride and without separating cells from serum immediately. Serum separating Tube (SST) contains gel and clot activators, it will work faster than plain tube does to become serum. Main purpose of research, how stability of glucose level between SST tube and plain tube . Experimental steps are preparing fresh blood that is collected from 16 voluntered students, incorporating the glucose oxidase enzymatic assay and quality control. Test performed at immediately, late 4 hours, and very late 12 haours. Statistical method for the time to time analysis, one way Anova is used within significant level 0.05. From 16 serum (duplicates), glucose serum level was reduced early at 4 - 12 hours by 8,1 mg/dl (p-value = 0.013) and 7,7 mg/dl (p-value 0.012). Percents increases of glucose level within plain tube 4 hours by 4,75% and within 12 hours by 13,12%. The increased serum glucose level in SST tube were at early 4 hours and 12 hours by 4,33% and 12,29% respectively. Conclussion, glucose serum level is in steady at room temperature until 4 hours for both SST Tube as well as plain tub
VALIDASI ST EUROPEAN QUALITY OF LIFE-5 DIMENSIONS (EQ-5D) VERSI INDONESIA PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI PUSKESMAS KOTAGEDE II YOGYAKARTA
Get PDFHypertension is a major risk factor for the occurrence of deaths from non-communicable diseases in the world. In the World Health Statistics 2012, WHO reported that approximately 51% of deaths from stroke and 45% of coronary heart disease due to hypertension. Patients with obsesitas, hypertension, and diabetes can worsen patient’s quality of life both physically and mental status. This study aims to assess the quality of life by the European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) questionnaire. This study aims to determine the validity and reliability of the EQ-5D in Indonesian version as an instrument for measuring the quality of life of patients with hypertension in the Health Center Kotagede II Yogyakarta. The method of this study was descriptive observational. Data were collected using a questionnaire conducted at a particular time. The instrument used in this study is the EQ-5D which has been translated into Indonesian. Affordable population in this study were all patients with hypertension in Health Center Kotagede II Yogyakarta at May to June 2014. The sample in this study are in accordance with the criteria for inclusion and exclusion criteria. Analysis of the validity was construct's validity with Pearson method. Test reliability was Cronbach's alpha coefficient. From the data analysis for 51 patients Hypertension Pearson correlation coefficient obtained results are above 0.30, so it can be concluded instrument EQ-5D questionnaire Indonesian version is valid. Results Cornbach'sα is 0718 so it can be concluded instrument EQ-5D questionnaire Indonesian version is reliable
ANALISIS KUALITATIF KANDUNGAN SAKARIDA DALAM TEPUNG DAN PATI UMBI GANYONG (Canna edulis Ker.)
Get PDFCanna Tubers (Canna edulis Ker.) is one of the plants producing carbohydrates. Its also contains of protein, fat, vitamins, minerals, phosphorus, iron and more calciums. The purpose of this study is to identify of sugar in the powder and starch from canna tuber is a hydrolysis and didn’t hydrolysis. The method of qualitative analysis with tube test and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The result indicated that before hydrolysis canna powder gave sucrose (Rf = 0.45) and mannose (Rf=0.51), while after hydrolysis it gave glucose (Rf=0.44), fructose (Rf=0.61) and mannose (Rf=0.51). In addition, canna starch gave  glucose (Rf=0.44) and maltose (Rf=0.35)