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Optimasi formula gel ekstrak kubis ungu (Brassica Oleracea L. Var. Capitata F. Rubra) menggunakan simplex lattice design dan pengujian aktivitas antioksidan secara in vitro
Get PDFABSTRACTA study of optimization of red cabbage (Brassica oleracea.L. var. capitata f. rubra) gel extract formula has been performed by using Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) method and antioxidant activity of the formula gel was also evaluated by using in vitro method.The red cabbage was extracted by soxhletation by using ethanol 96% followed by optimization of red cabbage extract in antioxidant gel preparation used SLD method by Design-Expert® software version 7 (DX7) and determination of its IC50 used UV-Spectrophotometry. The stability of optimum gel formula is seen through comparison of physycal properties at the beginning and after four weeks storage used ANOVA, with a 95% significant level. Optimum gel formula of red cabbage extract obtained in the proportion of Metolose 3,883%, propilen glikol 13.5%, Tween 80 1.117%. The evaluation results of optimum gel formula of red cabbage extract is the surface area of gel dispersive of 38.99 ± 3.27cm2; viscosity gel dPa.s of 295.56 ± 1.93 and viscosity change 3.89 ± 0.96%. From the results of statistical analysis of one t-test sample was concluded that there was no difference between the prediction price of software with the observation result (p> 0.05). The IC50 test result of the optimum formula of red cabbage extract gel was 257.25 ± 0.35 µg / mL. The testing result of the physical stability of the optimum formula of red cabbage extract gel suffered a pH decrease after 4 weeks of storage (p <0.05)
Daya hambat kombinasi madu mangga (Mangifera indica)-susu probiotik terhadap pertumbuhan Eschericia coli ATCC 6538 dan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 8739
Get PDFGrowth inhibitory activity of combination of mango honey-probiotic milk produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus (L.a) and Lactobacillus casei (L.c) against E. coli and S. aureus has been studied. The fermented milk was prepared by inoculating each probioticin milk at 43ºC and then incubated at room temperature for 24 hours. Diffusion agar technique by using nutrient agar media was used to assess the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC). Result of the research showed that pH of fermentation broth of the probiotic milk reached 5. Biomass obtained that calculated by Total Plate Count of L.a and L.c was 1.3 x 107 cfu/mL and 20.7 x 1013 cfu/mL respectively. Inhibition zone diameter ofthe mangohoney-L.c showed an optimum antimicrobial effect against tested bacteria at 1:9 ratio. The MIC value against E. coli and S. Aureus was 15.7 ± 6,1 mm and 13.3 ± 3.0 mm respectively. The activity of mango honey-L. aexhibite dan optimum antimicrobial effect against tested bacteria at 2:8.The MIC value againstE. coli and S. Aureuswas14,7 ± 1,1mm and 13.3 ± 1.3mm respectively
Efek hidrogel getah jarak cina (Jatropha multifida Linn.) berbasis karagenan kappa dan karagenan iota terhadap penyembuhan luka tikus wistar jantan
Get PDFJatropha multifida Linn. latex has been reported in many study for its activities to treats wound. Preparation of hydrogels containing 3% of Jatropha multifida Linn. latex with variety of base polymers kappa carrageenan and iota carrageenan was conducted and met good characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate effect of both hydrogels to promote wound healing in Wistar rats. Tests carried out on five groups of rats with 1.5 cm diameter of wound in the back area, consisting of a control group, two test groups were each treated by 2% kappa carrageenan-based hydrogel (kappa-hydrogel group) and 2% iota carrageenan-based hydrogel (iota-hydrogel group) of the latex, and two groups were each given a different hydrogel base according to type of hydrogel tested. Effect on wound healing was assessed by parameters including wound drying period, scab forming period, and the change in diameter of the wound. Results show kappa-hydrogel group achieve the most rapid wound healing compare to the control group significantly (p<0,05) and the iota-hydrogel group on wound drying period (16.6 ± 2.2 hours) and scab forming period (92.6 ± 2.2 hours). Kappa-hydrogel group also show best changes in diameter of the wound at day 21 which is reduced to 0.02 ± 0.03 cm, compare to the control group and iota-hydrogel group. As a conclusion, the 2% kappa carrageenan-based hydrogel containing 3% of Jatropha multifida Linn. latex produce better effect to promote wound healing than iota carrageenan-based hydrogel in this study.Â
Karakteristik kasus pada Visum et Repertum di RSUP dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten 2014-2016
Get PDFSince the opening of forensic services at RSUP dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten since 2014, many forensic cases were handled. Based on the type of case, in the death cases, there are traffic accidents, crime, and other deaths. While in life cases, there are sexual violence, physical violence, and psychiatry. Research on basic characteristic patients’ are very important to do, especially for the police, government, hospital, and community. The purpose of this study was to determine the basic characteristic patients’ of Visum et Repertum in RSUP dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten 2014-2016. This research was a cross-sectional study, with a total sampling method. The data were taken from Visum et Repertum during   2014 - March 2016. There were 242 life cases (124 women, 118 men), and 23 death cases (6 women, 17 men). Most patients were productive age (22-40 years old), with 33.5% life cases and 30.4% death cases. The highest number of life cases was physical abuse (109 cases; 45%), then all of death cases was accident. The highest profession of patients were students (30.6% in life cases), while in the death cases were private (43.5%). Head trauma was the most common injury in patients (45.9% life cases and 82.6% death cases). Most of the perpetrators were unknown people (77.7% life cases, as well as 82.6% of death cases). From both cases, the patients were from productive age, distribution of fatal wound was in the head, and the prepetators were unknown. These data are very important in educational process of society
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAN KLOROFORM DAUN SIRSAK TERHADAP KOLESTEROL TOTAL DAN TRIGLISERIDA PADA TIKUS YANG DIINDUKSI ALOKSAN
Get PDFAnnona muricata plant is a medicinal plant using by research and drug for human healthy including diabetes mellitus. This research aimed to determine the effect of ethanol extract and chloroform extract of the sirsak leaf as antidiabetes mellitus. This research was conducted in 9 groups of male Wistar rats consisting of 5 rats per group, consisting of normal control, alloxan control, glibenclamide control dose of 10 mg/Kg BW, group of ethanol extract sirsak leaf dose of 50 mg/Kg BW; 100 mg/Kg BW; 200 mg/Kg BW, and group of chloroform extract sirsak leaf dose of 50 mg/kg BW; 100 mg/Kg BW; 250 mg/Kg BW. Tests carried out for 2 weeks. It also conducted assays of total flavonoids and histopathological tests of pancreatic β cells. Results of this research showed that the ethanol extract of sirsak leaves dose of 200 mg/Kg BW has activity in decreasing blood glucose levels better than any other group. Results of the ethanol extract and chloroform extract all doses except the ethanol extract treatment group dose of 200 mg/kg BW and 100 mg/kg BW after a 14-day look is still high triglyceride levels and decrease in total cholesterol (TC) were seen in all group Ethanol extract dose of 200 mg / kgBW has a good potential to reduce levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol. The conclusion of this research is the ethanol extract of sirsak leaf have activity antidiabetic mellitusand decreased total cholesterol.Â
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Ness DENGAN DUA PERBEDAAN PENGUAPAN
Get PDFAndrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Ness is one of the native tradisional medicine in Indonesia which contain active flavonoid. It has potential activity as antioxidant, antibacterial, and inflammation. Antioxidant sensitive to light and heat. Flavonoid antioxidant activity could be decline by heat and oxidation. We can find these caution while evaporate the liquid solvent with heating in conventional evaporation to get dry extract. One of the conventional evaporation instrument is Rotary Evaporator. Other evaporation system, lyophillization is alternative to evaporate solvent without heat. This system uses instrument called Freeze Dryer. Present study about antioxidant activity influenced by two different evaporation using IC50 determination in DPPH oxidation proved that evaporation difference could change antioxidant ability. The result shows freeze dryer evaporation result with 17.06% of extract yield and 585.730 µg/mL IC50 value better than rotary evaporator with 24.96% of extract yield and 792.196 µg/mL IC50 value in solvent evaporate ability and antioxidant activity
POLA PENGOBATAN PASIEN SCHIZOPRENIA PROGRAM RUJUK BALIK DI PUSKESMAS MUNGKID PERIODE JANUARI-JUNI 2014
Get PDFSchizoprenia is one of psychiatric disorders that caused by brain damage. One of schizoprenia handling is giving antipsychotics to prevent the symptoms, that antipsychotics was effective therapy to treat it. This study aims to determine the treatment pattern of schizoprenia patient behind reconciliation program at Puskesmas Mungkid. The method used is analytical survey with retrospective data collection. This research were conducted on 42 medical records of patients in period January-June 2014 which receive antipsychotics medication and were analyzed with descriptive analysis. Obtained data of this research, showed that the most common single therapy of for antipsychotics is haloperidol (54,93%) and the most common therapy was haloperidol and chlopromazine (61,91%). The most common treatment category of schizoprenia is the typical antipsychotic treatmemt (92,96%), while for appropriate dose and the use of antipsychotic drugs were used 97,18% and 2,82% were not appropriate to the standar
Formulasi dan evaluasi granul effervescent ekstrak daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steen.)
Get PDFThe purpose of this research are to find out whether the formulation of effervescent granules from binahong leaves extract has met the standards for effervescent granules and determine the best formulation of effervescent granules. This research is descriptive experimental with data collection from evaluation of effervescent granules. To be able to make effervescent granules, extraction of binahong leaves must be made first. The extracts resulted from a maseration method with 70% ethanol. The effervescent granules formulation were made by 3 design based on their concentration F1 7.4%; F2 14.8%; and F3 22.2%. Effervescent granules of binahong leaves extract are prepared by using wet granulation method. Several physical tests were carried out on the results of effervescent granules of binahong leaves, including organoleptic test, moisture content test, pour volume test, volume of shringkage test, flow capacity test, dispersion test, and pH. The test results showed that all the effervescent granules of binahong leaves (Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steen.) have met the standard requirements as good granules. The third formula became the best formulation, With the best value in moisture content test, volume of shringkage test, flow capacity test, and pH
Kandungan flavanoid total dan aktivitas antimikroba serbuk biji kakao (Theobroma cacao) asal kabupaten enrekang Sulawesi Selatan
Get PDFCocoa and its derivatives are rich in flavonoids. Flavonoid content of cocoa beans is affected by the treatment process. The aim of this study are to determine total flavonoids and antimicrobial activity of cocoa powder. This study used unfermented cocoa beans in the form of powder. Testing of the total flavonoids was conducted using an aluminum chloride colorimetric assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), and antimicrobial activity of cocoa bean powder were tested by using ten bacteria: Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella thypi, Shigella dysentriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Vibrio cholerae, and Propioni bacterium agne. The result of measurement of the total flavonoid of unfermented cocoa powder is 22.62 mg EC/g. The screening of antimicrobial with concentration of 0.1% of cocoa powder gives inhibition in Streptococcus mutans, dysentriae Shigella, Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae bacterium and Propioni bacterium agne, while at a concentration of 0.5% gives inhibition at all test bacteria. In the antimicrobial activity test using a concentration of 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 4%, the highest resistance zone is shown at a concentration of 4 %. The results show that the diameter zone of inhibition for the bacteria Shigella dysentriae is 11.33 mm. The 10 mm of diameter zone of inhibition are indicated by streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, Propioni bacterium agne, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis while 11 mm zone of inhibition demonstrated by Salmonella thypi and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The number of the diameter zone of inhibition, 12 mm, was shown in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In conclusion, the powder of unfermented cocoa beans provides flavonoids 22,62 mg EK/g and have the antimicrobial activity
Proporsi peresepan probiotik pada gastroenteritis akut pasien pediatri di bangsal rawat inap RS X pada Februari 2015
Get PDFPediatric patients are one of the target groups of the National Health System in Indonesia that requires special attention in therapy because their anatomy physiology was immature. A lot of probiotics indicated for acute gastroenteritis (AGE) for pediatric patients. Probiotic prescribing includes the types of probiotic, dosage and duration for AGE has not been discussed clearly. The aim of our study was to determine the proportion of probiotic that have prescribed for acute gastroenteritis topediatric agedin hospitalized. This study was analytical observational with cross sectional design. Data was obtained retrospectively with non-purposive sampling.Samplesize was based on cross-sectional design calculation and obtained a number of 200 medical records from Hospital X, IndonesiaonFebruary 2015. This study used secondary data from medical records. Data collected was patient identity, patientaged, probiotic prescribing includes the types of probiotic, dosage and duration. Data have been analyzed in descriptive and Mann-Whitney to observe the difference between types of probiotic, dosage and duration probiotic used topediatric aged. This study showed this hospital only used 5 probiotic brands. Group aged <2 years is more used of 3 types of probiotic species while at the age of> 2 years is prefer to use 6 types. The mean dose of probiotic is greater in the group aged >2 years. Probiotic duration in the group <2 years is for 4 days while in those aged >2 years in duration 5 days. The number of cases that do not fit with the recommended dose packs is more commonly found at age <2 years. There is a different proportion between type of probiotic (p=0.000), dose of probiotic (p=0.040), and probiotic duration (p=0.008) with pediatric aged. There was a statistically significant difference between types of probiotic, dosage and duration probiotic used to pediatric aged