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Uji sifat fisik repelan minyak atsiri kombinasi rimpang temulawak dan rimpang jahe basis cold cream
Get PDFRimpang jahe (Zingiber officinale Roxb. Rhizome) dan rimpang temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza roxb. Rhizome) memiliki kandungan minyak atsiri yang dapat berfungsi sebagai repelan. Guna mengatasi mahalnya rimpang jahe dan sifat iritatif minyak atsiri rimpang jahe, maka dikombinasikan dengan minyak atsiri rimpang temulawak. Basis cold cream memiliki fase minyak yang lebih banyak yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pengikatan minyak atsiri. Adanya basis tersebut diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efek repelan. Oleh karenanya, terkait efek repelan perlu dilakukan uji sifat fisik minyak atsiri untuk memastikan kemurnian dan mutunya, kemudian sebelum dilakukan uji efek repelan, perlu dilakukan uji sifat fisik sediaan repelan untuk memperoleh formula terbaik, yaitu formula yang dapat dioleskan dengan mudah dan nyaman jika digunakan.           Minyak atsiri rimpang temulawak dan rimpang jahe diisolasi dengan metode destilasi uap dan air dan diuji sifat fisiknya, yang terdiri dari uji organolepstis, indeks bias dan berat jenis. Repelan dibuat dalam berbagai konsentrasi 2% v/b, 5% v/b, 10% v/b, 15% v/b, 20% v/b, dan 25% v/b, kemudian dilakukan uji daya sebar, daya lekat, dan viskositas           Berdasar hasil uji sifat fisik, minyak atsiri rimpang temulawak dan minyak atisri rimpang jahe telah terbukti kemurniannya. Semakin besar konsentrasi miyak atsiri kombinasi rimpang temulawak dan rimpang jahe pada sediaan repelan dengan basis cold cream, semakin kecil viskositasnya, sehingga daya lekat semakin kecil namun daya sebar semakin besar. Berdasar hasil tersebut, konsentrasi 25%  b/v s(konsentrasi terbesar) adalah sediaan repelan yang paling baik karena paling lunak sehingga mudah diambil, dioleskan karena konsistensinya tidak keras dan paling mudah untuk dibersihkan dengan ai
Chloroform fraction of ethanolic extract of Elephantopus scaber Linn. increase the p53 expression on human breast cancer (T47D) cell line
Get PDFElephantopus scaber Linn had been used as traditional medicine. It contain some lacton sesquiterpene with antiproliferative activity. The study aim was to explore the effect of chloroform fraction of ethanolic extract of E.scaber on the expression of p53 on T47D cell line. The ethanol extract was found by maceration method. The extract was then fractionated using petroleum ether and chloroform respectively to get the chloroform fraction. The expression of p53 was observed by immunocytochemistry method with antip53 antibody. The p53 cell line was cultured and treated with fraction with concentration of 7.06 and 3.53 µg/ml. The expression of p53 was showed by brown colour in the nucleus of the cell. The result showed that chloroform fraction treatment with concentration of 7.06 µg/ml induced apoptotic cell death in the end stage (necrosis). While the treatment with lower concentration 3.53 µg/ml could increase the p53 expression
Factors relate to the hypercreatininemia event of patients at the risk of metabolic syndrome in Jetis I public health center
Get PDFMetabolic syndrome (MS) is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Adherence to drug therapy is one of the keys to achieving therapeutic targets in MS. Hyperuricemia (>7mg/dL in men &>5.4mg/dL in women) and hypercreatininemia (>1.3 mg/dL) is a sign of kidney function deficiency. Kidney function deficiency is the result of uncontrolled blood pressure and blood sugar levels in MS patients. The objective of the study was to know the description of the incidence of hypercreatininemia and factors related to the incidence of hypercreatininemia in outpatient at risk of  MS at Jetis Public health center (PHC) I, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The analytical observational research with cross sectional design was performed on 99 MS outpatient at Jetis I Public Health Center (PHC) who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and approved the participation in the study. Blood urea and creatinine levels were determined by spectrophotometer 5010. Demographic, diagnosis and treatment data were colleccted  from medical record. Patient adherence data were collected by interview. Patient compliance was measured by a medication compliance questionnaire. Demographic and clinical  data are presented descriptively. Bivariate analysis with chisquare was performed to determine the value of the relationship between sex, age, hyperuricemia and adherence to the incidence of hypercreatininemia.  About 30.3% of total of outpatients at risk of MS at Jetis I PHC, Bantul, is non-adherence and 69.7% is adherence to the treatment. As many as 44.4% of respondents have hypercreatininemia and 8.1% of respondents have hyperuricemia. There was a relationship between adherence and female sex with the prevalence of hypercreatininemia with an odds ratio of 3.8, 0.26 and 7.1 respectively. Based on the data of the study concluded that non-adherence, male sex and hyperuricemia are associated with the prevalence of hypercreatininemia in patients at risk of MS in Jetis I PHC
Validation of UV-Vis spectrophotometry methode for analysis of apigenin in celery extract (Apium graveolens L.)
Get PDFApigenin is one of the flavonoid compounds contained in celery (Apium graveolens L.) and has been used for the treatment of various diseases. This study aims were to ensure the validity and accuracy of analytical method for apigenin assay in celery extract using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The flavonoids test of celery extract give a positive result which produces a yellow color that can be drawn by amyl alcohol. The result of TLC test using a mobile phase of chloroform and methanol (9.5 : 0.5) produced Rf value of 0.75. Validation of analytical methods were sensitivity, linearity, limit of detection as well as limit of quantification, accuracy, and precision. Validation of analytical methods showed that sensitivity results as represented by molar extinction (ε) was 77004.35 M-1cm-1. Linearity from calibration curve at concentration of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mgL-1 resulted an equation of y = 0.074x – 0.0011 with coefficient correlation (r) of 0.9996. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 2.99 mgL-1 and 9.92 mgL-1 respectively with recovery percentage of 97.59% and the coefficient variation values were 1.53%; 2.43% and 1.68%. The average contents of apigenin in the celery extract were of 3.74 ± 0.09%.Â
Effectiveness of web based educational on improving knowledge of acne vulgaris self medication among senior high school students
Get PDFThe presence of technology can provide real alternatives to build knowledge in delivering health education materials. The aim of this study was to investigate if web-based education methods may rising a student’s knowledge about self medication of acne. This research using an experimental pretest-posttest control group design while the sampling technique using convenience nonprobability sampling. Inclusion criteria for participants were senior high school students aged 13-19 years, active social media users, and willing to fill out the research questionnaire. Participants were allocated to the exclusion criteria as students who perform routine skin care in the acne treatment. Control group consisted of 62 respondents who were given face to face education and treatment group consisted of 62 respondents who were given website-based education. Data analysis were performed with a student t-test to assess the effect of educational intervention on student’s knowledge. The independent t-test showed there was a significant increase of knowledge between the control and the treatment groups  (p = 0,000) with 95% confidence level. This study demonstrate that web-based educational intervention had a significant increase on the student’s knowledge about acne vulgaris self medication
Pengaruh ekstrak kulit umbi bawang putih (Allium sativum L.) Terhadap kadar kolesterol total darah tikus jantan galur wistar diabetes mellitus
Get PDFDiabetes mellitus (DM) adalah gangguan metabolisme dikarakterisasi oleh hiperglikemia. Penderita dengan kadar gula darah tinggi akan mengalami gangguan metabolisme lemak, salah satunya peningkatan kadar kolesterol. Kulit umbi bawang putih mengandung senyawa yang dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol total darah pada diabetes mellitus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak etanol kulit umbi bawang putih (Allium sativum L.) terhadap kadar kolesterol total darah pada tikus putih jantan galur wistar diabetes mellitus.Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitian posttest only randomized control group design. Penelitian ini menggunakan tikus putih jantan galur wistar 25 ekor terdiri dari lima kelompok yaitu kelompok I adalah normal, kelompok II adalah induksi aloksan 160 mg/kg BB, kelompok III adalah induksi aloksan dan ekstrak dosis 1000 mg/kg BB, Kelompok IV adalah induksi aloksan dan ekstrak dosis 2000 mg/kg BB, Kelompok V adalah induksi aloksan dan ekstrak dosis 4000 mg/kg BB, pemberian ekstrak dilakukan selama 14 hari. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kruskal-wallis dengan Mann-Whitney.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok induksi aloksan dengan kelompok normal, ekstrak etanol 70% kulit umbi bawang putih dosis 1000 mg/kg BB, 2000 mg/kg BB, dan 4000 mg/kg BB menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan dengan kelompok induksi aloksan dan kelompok normal.Kesimpulan yang diambil bahwa ekstrak etanol kulit umbi bawang putih untuk semua dosis menurunkan kadar kolesterol total darah. Kata Kunci : Kolesterol, diabetes mellitus, kulit umbi bawang puti
Studi pharmacovigilance obat di puskesmas X Yogyakarta
No full textABSTRACT The increasing use of herbal medicine in community also increase adverse event and toxicity report. Adverse events and toxicity can be detected with pharmacovigilance system. Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) of herbal medicines are rarely studied in Indonesia. With the increasing use of herbal medicines in Indonesia, pharmacovigilance studies are necessary to detect the incidence of ADR. The purpose of this study is to describe the incidence of ADR on the use of herbal medicines. This research is a descriptive study using retrospective data. Research was conducted for 3 months by taking 10-month retrospective data backward using medical record. Interviews were conducted to identify the occurrence of ADR and assessment of quality of life using Naranjo algorithm.The result showed that three (13.63%) of 22 patients experiencing the ADR with probability of probable categories (1) and possible (2). The symptom of ADR that showed was the increased frequency of defecation, decreased in stool consistence and diuresis.The results of this study concluded that there are ADR event in patients who have been prescribed herbal medicine in Public Health Center X Yogyakarta. Keywords: ADR, herbal medicine, pharmacovigilance
Application method of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) combined with chemometrics for analysis of rat meat (Rattus Diardi) in meatballs beef
Get PDFFood product forgery begins to become a new problem in Indonesia, the main problem is there is a concern that food product is mixed with forbidden meat, one of may is rat meat in meatball. This study is expected to become one basic in order to meet meatball authenticity guarantee.Study about the utilization of infrared spectrophotometry Fourier Transform (FTIR) which was combined with chemometric was carried out to identified rat meat in meatball quantitative and qualitatively. Concentration variation of beef and rat meat in producing meatball is 0%, 25%, 35%, 65%, 75% and 100% rat meat in meatball dough and 5 samples of market meatball. Beef and rat fat which were contained in meatball was extracted by Soxhlet in temperature ≤ 70oC for 7 hours with n-hexane solvent.Qualitative and quantitative analysis was carried out in wave range 750-1600 cm-1 by using partial least square (PLS) multivariate analysis technique and principal component analysis (PCA). The result of calibration with y = 0,9720x + 1,580, coefficient of determination (R2) = 0,9941, and root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) value was 1.63%. Validation model with, mean root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECV) value was 1.79%, and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) value was 2.60%. Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), grouping of cow fat and mouse fat in the meatballs successfully.Â
The determination of metal content, microbial contamination and dissolution assessment of the ethanol extract of pasak bumi root
Get PDF The Eurycoma longifoliais bitter therefore, to address this problem, it is prepared in a capsule form. The capsule dosage form  must has  the parameters of good quality, thus expected to increase the potential use of biodiversity and the interest of the community in consuming the medicine from the natural materials. The purpose of this research is to get the capsule product of ethanol extract of the Eurycoma longifolia root of quality through the test of total plate value and yeast yeast contamination, the determination of the metal content of Pb, Hg, Cd and the level of flavonoids released in the capsule dissolution test of ethanol extract Eurycoma longifolia root. The result of this research shows that the dissolution efficiency (DE120) capability of ethanol extract of Eurycoma longifolia root is 81,04±2,38%. Test of heavy metal content in capsule of  of ethanol extract of Eurycoma longifolia root found level of Pb equal to 4,132 ppm and not detected content of Cd and Hg in capsule. This indicates that the capsule meets the requirements set by BPOM RI. Tests for total plate numbers (ALT) and yeast capsule ethanol extract of the E. longifolia root were each obtained data of 70 x 102 colonies / g and 4 x 102 colonies / g. It also shows that the capsules meet the requirements by BPOM RI
Formulation self nano emulsifying drug delivery system glimepiride using oleic acid as oil phase
Get PDFGlimepiride is a third generation sulphonylurea antidiabetic drug. Glimepiride is poorly water soluble drug that may cause poor dissolution and unpredicted bioavailability. Self nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) have become a popular formulation option as nanocarriers for poorly water-soluble drugs. The objective of this research was to develop SNEDDS formulation of glimepiride to improve oral dissolution and bioavailability. Glimepiride SNEDDSÂ was formulated using oleic acid as oil phase, tween 80 as surfactant, and transcutol as co-surfactant due to their higher solubilization effect. The formulated SNEDDS were evaluated for % transmittance, dispersibility, thermodynamic stability, dissolution, globule size and morphology analysis. The results showed that the glimepiride SNEDDS was rapidly formed clear emulsion and stabile based on thermodynamic test. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated the spherical droplets morphology in nanometer range. The globule average diameter size was 45 nm. The SNEDDS formulation significantly increase dissolution of glimepiride compared with pure drug